ACS Chemistry Final Exam Latest Study Guide.
The layout of an element (mass # & atomic #)
atomic number =
# of protons
mass number =
# of protons + neutrons
the number of protons in a neutral atom will equal the
# of electrons
how to find the correct number of neutrons?
mass number - atomic number
Forms of the same elements that differ in the number of neutrons
isotopes
What particle, if lost from the nucleus, would NOT cause a change in the atomic number?
a neutron because it has no charge
When alpha particles were shot at a metal foil target, most passed through without
deflections, while others deflected at large angles. What did this suggest to Rutherford?
that the atoms of the metal were mostly empty space, while the nucleus consisted of most of the
mass which included highly condensed positive particles (which caused the deflection).
An atom has a valence shell configuration of 1s1. To which group of elements on the
periodic table does it belong?
IA
alkali metals
Light energy formula
What does C in the light energy formula represent?
The electrons configuration rule that states electrons do not pair until they have to. (put
one electron in each electron domain then pair up)
Hund's rule
An experimental phenomenon associated with atoms having unpaired electrons - which
states such substances are attracted to magnetic fields
Paramagnetism
, Which drop in energy level results in the greatest emission of energy?
n=2 to n=1
What do the 4 quantum numbers stand for?
n = energy level
l = (n-1)
ml -l to l
mn 1/2 or -1/2 (spin)
List the quantum numbers for the s, p, d, and f orbitals
s 1,0,0
p 2, 1, -1-0-1
d 3, 2, -2--1-0-1-2
f 4, 3 -3--2--1-0-1-2-3
Py orbital
What two subatomic particles have the most mass, but occupy very little of the volume of
an atom
protons and neutrons
Define Isoelectronic
Having the same amount of electrons
How does a sodium ion differ from a sodium atom?
the sodium ion has fewer electrons
two or more compounds with the same formula but a different arrangement of atoms in the
molecule and different properties
isomer
two or more different physical forms in which an element can exist. Graphite, charcoal,
and diamond are all ________ of carbon.
allotropes
What makes up an alpha particle?
2 protons and 2 neutrons
What did Millikan discover from his oil drop experiments?
the magnitude of the charge on an electron
Periods vs Groups
The layout of an element (mass # & atomic #)
atomic number =
# of protons
mass number =
# of protons + neutrons
the number of protons in a neutral atom will equal the
# of electrons
how to find the correct number of neutrons?
mass number - atomic number
Forms of the same elements that differ in the number of neutrons
isotopes
What particle, if lost from the nucleus, would NOT cause a change in the atomic number?
a neutron because it has no charge
When alpha particles were shot at a metal foil target, most passed through without
deflections, while others deflected at large angles. What did this suggest to Rutherford?
that the atoms of the metal were mostly empty space, while the nucleus consisted of most of the
mass which included highly condensed positive particles (which caused the deflection).
An atom has a valence shell configuration of 1s1. To which group of elements on the
periodic table does it belong?
IA
alkali metals
Light energy formula
What does C in the light energy formula represent?
The electrons configuration rule that states electrons do not pair until they have to. (put
one electron in each electron domain then pair up)
Hund's rule
An experimental phenomenon associated with atoms having unpaired electrons - which
states such substances are attracted to magnetic fields
Paramagnetism
, Which drop in energy level results in the greatest emission of energy?
n=2 to n=1
What do the 4 quantum numbers stand for?
n = energy level
l = (n-1)
ml -l to l
mn 1/2 or -1/2 (spin)
List the quantum numbers for the s, p, d, and f orbitals
s 1,0,0
p 2, 1, -1-0-1
d 3, 2, -2--1-0-1-2
f 4, 3 -3--2--1-0-1-2-3
Py orbital
What two subatomic particles have the most mass, but occupy very little of the volume of
an atom
protons and neutrons
Define Isoelectronic
Having the same amount of electrons
How does a sodium ion differ from a sodium atom?
the sodium ion has fewer electrons
two or more compounds with the same formula but a different arrangement of atoms in the
molecule and different properties
isomer
two or more different physical forms in which an element can exist. Graphite, charcoal,
and diamond are all ________ of carbon.
allotropes
What makes up an alpha particle?
2 protons and 2 neutrons
What did Millikan discover from his oil drop experiments?
the magnitude of the charge on an electron
Periods vs Groups
