UGA US History Exemption Exam SINCE 1877|2023 LATEST UPDATE|GUARANTEED SUCCESS

WW2 the global war that started in 1939 and ended in 1945. It involved a vast majority of the world's nations (including all of the great powers) eventually forming two opposing military alliances (allies and axis powers). Germany invaded Poland, Japan bombed Pearl Harbor. Ended with Hiroshima. Allies - US, GB, France, Soviet Union. Axis - Germany, Japan, Italy. Conscription the compulsory enlistment of people in some sort of national service (Mostly military) 00:21 01:18 populist party Led by Tom Watson. Was a US political party in the late 1890s that resulted in the joint effort between farmers and labor groups that were against big business and machine-based politics (advocating increased currency issue, free coinage of gold and silver, public ownership of railroads, and a graduated federal income tax) ; Also known as 'the people's party'. Became a third party in the election of 1892. WW1 the global war centered in Europe that began on July 28 1914 and lasted until November 11 1918. It was primarily called the World War or the Great War until WW2. US joined when German U-boat sank the Lusitania. Allies - US, GB, France, Russia, Italy. Central Powers - Germany, Hungary, Ottoman Empire Jim Crow state and local laws that were enacted between 1876 and 1965. They mandated racial segregation in all public facilities in the Southern States (former Confederate states) in addition to starting a "separate but equal" status for Blacks Progressive Movement Ranged from the 1890s through the 1920s. Was a general political philosophy that advocated/favored social, political, and economic reform Prohibition a national ban on the sale, manufacture, and transportation of alcohol from 1920 to 1933. The ban was mandated by the 18th amendment. The Volstead act set down the rules that enforced the ban and defined the types of prohibited alcohol beverages. The private ownership of consumable alcohol and drinking it was not made illegal. Prohibition ended in 1933 with the ratification of the 21st amendment (repealing the 18th amendment). Woodrow Wilson Was the 28th President of the US (from ). Was a leader of the progressive movement and was President of Princeton from . Was Governor of NJ from . He ran against Republican William Howard Taft and Progressive ("Bull Moose") Party candidate Theodore Roosevelt (former president) and was elected President (as a DEM) in 1912. Was born in 1856 and died in 1924. Treaty of Versailles One of the peace treaties at the end of WW1. It ended the state of war between Germany and the Allied Powers. It was signed on June 28 1919 (exactly 5 years after the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand) League of Nations was an intergovernmental organization founded as a result of the Paris Peace Treaty Conference that ended the First World War. American Federation of Labor (AFL) founded in 1886. Was the national federation of labor unions in the US. Samuel Gompers was the first (and longest serving) president of this labor union. This was the largest union grouping in the US for the first half of the 20th century. Plessy vs. Fergeson 1896 - separate but equal 00:02 01:18 Mugwump Party were republican political activists who bolted from the US Republican Party by supporting the Democratic candidate Grover Cleveland in the 1884 Presidential election. They switched parties because they rejected the financial corruption associated with the Republican candidate James. G. Blaine. The election between Blaine and Cleveland was close, and Mugwumps made the difference in New York state by swinging the election to Cleveland. New Deal A series of economic program enacted in the US between 1933 and 1936. they involved presidential executive orders or laws passed by Congress during the first term of President Franklin D. Roosevelt Great Depression () the longest and most widespread depression of the 20th century. Started in 1930 after the passage of the US Smoot-Hawley Tariff bill and lasted until the late 1930s / middle 1940s. Internment camps the relocation and internment by the US government in 1942 of about 110,000 Jap. Americans and Japanese who lived along the Pacific coast of the US to camps called "war relocation camps" after the Japanese bombed Pearl Harbor. Was not applied equally throughout the US Franklin D. Roosevelt 32nd President of the US from 1933 to 1945 (during WW2) and was a central figure in world events during the mid-20th century. He led the US during a time of worldwide economic depression and total war. Implemented the New Deal Victory Gardens also called war gardens or food gardens for defense. These were vegetable, fruit and herb gardens planted at private residences and public parks in the US, UK, Canada, and Germany during WW1 and WW2 to reduce the pressure on the public food supply brought on by the war effort. Were often considered a civil "moral booster". Calvin Coolidge 30th president of the US () ; Born in 1872 and died in 1933 Scopes Trial formally known as The State of Tennessee v. John Thomas Scopes and commonly referred to as the Scopes Monkey Trial. Was a landmark American Legal case in 1925 in which high school science teacher, John Scopes, was accused of violating Tennessee's Butler Act, which made it unlawful to teach evolution in any state-funded school. Father Charles Coughlin A controversial Roman Catholic priest at Royal Oak, Michigan's National Shrine of the Little Flower church. Born in 1891 and died in 1979. Tennessee Valley Authority a federally owned corporation in the US created by congressional charter in May 1933 to provide navigation, flood control, electricity generation, fertilizer manufacturing, and economic development in the Tennessee Valley, a region partially affected by the Great Depression Lend-lease act was the program under which the US supplied the UK, Soviet Union, China, Free France, and other allied nations with material between 1941 and 1945. It was signed into law on March 11, 1941, a year and a half after the outbreak of WW2 in Europe in September 1939 but 9 months before the US Hiroshima the atomic bombings of the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in Japan that were conducted by the US during the final stages of WW2 in 1945. Only time nuclear weapons have been used during war Harlem Renaissance a cultural movement that spanned the 1920s and 1930s. At the time, it was known as the "New Negro Movement," named after the 1925 anthology by Alain Locke. the cold war () Was a sustained state of political and military tension between the powers of the Western World, led by US and its NATO allies, and the communist world cuban missile crisis 13 day confrontation between USSR and Cuba vs. US. Occurred during the Cold War in October of 1962 Vietnam War A military conflict during the cold war that occurred in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from November 1955 to April 1975 after the fall of Saigon. (North Vietnam (supported by communist allies) vs. the govt. of South Vietnam (supported by US and other anti-communist countries). Free Speech Movement a student protest that took place during the academic year () on University of California Berkley. Was under the informal leadership of students: Mario Savio, Brian Turner, Bettina Aptheker, Steve Weissman, Art Goldberg, Jackie Goldberg, and others. Civil Rights Movement Occurred between 1950 and 1980. Was a worldwide political movement for quality before the law. Many situations involved nonviolent forms of resistance while some were violent and consisted of armed rebellion. MLK jr. (born 1929 ; died 1968) Was an American clergyman, activist, and prominent leader in the African American Civil Rights Movement. Was also a Novel Prize winner National Organization of Women Largest feminist organization in the US. Was founded in 1966 and has more than 500,000 contributing members. Unsuccessfully campaigned for an equal rights amendment in the constitution. Richard Nixon (Born 1913 ; Died 1994) Was the 37th President of the US (Term - ). The only president to resign from office. Prior to President, he was a US rep. and senator from California, and also served as VP from 1953 to 1961. Watergate Scandal political scandal that occurred in 1970s. Was a result of the June 1972 break-in at the Democratic National Committee headquarters at the Watergate office complex in DC, and the Nixon administrations attempted cover-up of its involvement. Communism a revolutionary socialist movement that supports a classless, moneyless and stateless social order. Is structured on common ownership of the means of production. The establishment of this social order highly influences social, political, and economic ideology. 1960s youth movement Started as a result of the civil rights movement. This was based on the belief: how could the US fight for another countries freedom when their racism and discrimination occurring in their own country? The first anti-war protest was "teach-ins". There were meant to educate the public about the war. youth movement The youth were focusing on the freedom and rights for youth, but they were also protesting the Vietnam War. The protest against the war was organized marches and protests. They took a non- violent approach. Once it became obvious that it was impossible to win the war the protest movement reached its peak. Although they wanted to use non-violent approaches, some anti-war demonstration turned violent, for example, the March on the Pentagon, Kent State University, and Detroit Riots. The Kent State Incident Youth movement-woodstock (1960s) lead to the temporary closures of about 500 Universities. One of the most famous anti-war demonstrations was Woodstock. It was known as "Three Days of Peace and Music." When one mentions the counterculture of the 1960's, Woodstock is the first term and image that is constructed. Baby Boomers a person who was born during the demographic Post-World War II baby boom between the years 1946 and 1964, according to the U.S. containment United States policy using numerous strategies to prevent the spread of communism abroad Brown v. Board of Education (1954- civil rights era) was a landmark United States Supreme Court case in which the Court declared state laws establishing separate public schools for black and white students to be unconstitutional.