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this exam is based on the guidelines of the PRC TOS under CMO 5 S2018 and CMO 21 S2010. 5% of the examination questions usually appears in the CLE test questions

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AREA: CRIMINAL SOCIOLOGY, ETHICS AND COMMUNITY RELATIONS
SUBJECT: INTRODUCTION TO CRIMINOLOGY

INSTRUCTION: Select the correct answer for each of the following questions.
Mark only one answer for each item by shading the box corresponding to the
letter of your choice on the answer sheet provided. STRICTLY NO ERASURES
ALLOWED. Use pencil no. 1 only.

1. He advocated the Differential Association Theory.




1

,AREA: CRIMINAL SOCIOLOGY, ETHICS AND COMMUNITY RELATIONS
SUBJECT: INTRODUCTION TO CRIMINOLOGY

a. Sigmund Freud
b. Cesare Lombroso
c. William Sheldon
d. Edwin Sutherland
2. It refers to the study of human mind in relation to criminality.
a. Criminal Epidemiology
b. Criminal Psychiatry
c. Criminal Etiology
d. Criminal Ecology
3. The theory that focused on the sociological point of the
positivist school which explains that the absence of norms in a
society provides a setting conducive to crimes and other anti-
social acts.
a. Consensus Theory
b. Anomie Theory
c. Somatotyping Theory
d. Human Ecology Theory
4. This theory asserts that Criminal behavior is learned and not
inherited.
a. Anomie Theory
b. Psychoanalytical theory
c. Lombrosian Theory
d. Differential Association Theory
5. He advocated the anomie Theory.
a. Sigmund Freud
b. David Emile Durkheim
c. William H. Sheldon
d. Robert Ezra Park
6. He advocated the Psychoanalytical Theory which explained that
criminal behavior may result from over active conscience.
a. Edwin Sutherland
b. William Sheldon
c. Ernest Kretschmer
d. Sigmund Freud
7. It is the study of the interrelationship of people and their
environment.
a. Human Psychology
b. Human Ecology
c. Human Anthropology
d. Human Psychiatry
8. It refers to the reversion of man to his apelike ancestor.
a. Stigma
b. Atavism
c. Anomalie
d. All of the foregoing
9. The study of the relationship between facial features and human
conduct of a person in relation to his crimes.
a. Craniology
b. Phrenology
c. Physiognomy
d. All of the above
10. He distinguished the three principal types of physique.
a. William Sheldon
b. Robert Ezra Park
c. Ernest Kretschemer
d. Edwin Sutherland



2

, AREA: CRIMINAL SOCIOLOGY, ETHICS AND COMMUNITY RELATIONS
SUBJECT: INTRODUCTION TO CRIMINOLOGY

11. This theory maintains the belief of inheritance as the
primary determinants of behavior and the physique is a reliable
indicator of personality.
a. Human Ecology Theory
b. William Sheldon Theory
c. Differential Association Theory
d. Containment Theory

12. A type of physique with relatively predominance of soft,
roundness through out the regions of the body. They have low
specific gravity.
a. Endomorph
b. Ectomorph
c. Mesomorph
d. Esthenic
13. A person with athletic type of body, predominance of muscle,
bone and connective tissue, normally heavy, hard and firm. They
are the people who are routinely active and aggressive.
a. Endomorph
b. Ectomorph
c. Mesomorph
d. Esthenic
14. This school of thought advocated that criminals are
essentially born.
a. Classical School of Thought
b. Neo-classical School of Thought
c. Positive School of thought
d. All of the foregoing
15. He is the most important criminologist of the twentieth
century because his explanation about crime and criminal behavior
can be seen as a correctional extension of social perspective. He
was considered as the Dean of Modern Criminology.
a. Cesare Lombroso
b. Cesare Beccaria
c. Edwin Sutherland
d. Robert Ezra Park
16. This theory is a form of control, which suggests that a
series of both internal and external factors contributes to
criminal behavior.
a. Containment Theory
b. Somatotyping Theory
c. Conflict and Capitalism Theory
d. Sub-Culture Theory
17. They claim that the ruling class in a capitalist society is
responsible for the creation of criminal law and their ideological
bases in the interpretation and enforcement of the laws.
a. Albert Cohen
b. Cesare Lombroso and Cesare Becarria
c. Marx and Engel
d. Juan and Pedro
18. According to Kretschmer, this type of physique is generally
stout with round bodies. Persons of this type commit deception,
fraud and violence.
a. Pyknic Type
b. Athletic Type
c. Asthenic Type



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