ETHICS & ISSUES IN CONTEMPORARY NURSING BY MARGARET A BURKHARDT; ALVITA K NATHANIEL ALL CHAPTERS COVERED.

Chapter 5 Values Development MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. A basic method of fixing belief whereby the person obstinately adheres to beliefs already held is called: a. authority. c. tenacity. b. a priori. d. reasoning. ANS: C PTS: 1 2. Which of the following is a stage in Level III of Kohlberg’s theory? a. The Stage of Mutual Interpersonal Expectations, Relationships, and Conformity b. The Stage of Punishment and Obedience c. The Stage of Social System and Conscience Management d. The Stage of Universal Ethical Principles ANS: D PTS: 1 3. In Fowler’s Stage of Faith Development, Stage 6 is called: a. Individuative-Reflective faith. c. Intuitive-Projective faith. b. Universalizing faith. d. Synthetic-Conventional faith. ANS: B PTS: 1 4. An organizing way of looking at the nature of the universe as a whole and the role of the human in it that incorporates both the physical plane and the interconnected, multidimensional universe is called: a. cosmology. c. ethic of care. b. values development. d. faith development. ANS: A PTS: 1 5. Human values development is often referred to as: a. moral development. c. ethical values. b. faith development. d. formal operations development. ANS: A PTS: 1 6. Human values development reflects the content and process of learning what is right and wrong within a culture. a. True b. False ANS: A PTS: 1 7. “Ethics of Justice” is associated with which of the following theorists? a. Piaget c. Kohlberg b. Gilligan d. Fowler ANS: C PTS: 1 8. The moral imperative grounded in relationship with and responsibility for one another is called: a. ethic of justice. c. faith development. b. ethic of care. d. cognitive development. ANS: B PTS: 1 This study source was downloaded by from CourseH on :12:24 GMT -05:00 9. The development of intellectual capacities through the time of childhood from birth to around age 15 years refers to: a. Kohlberg’s theory of moral development. b. Piaget’s stages of cognitive development. c. Lao Tsu’s theory of development. d. Fowler’s stages of faith development. ANS: B PTS: 1 10. In Kohlberg’s theory of moral development, the preconventional level includes two stages. They are: a. punishment and obedience. b. individual instrumental purpose and exchange. c. rights and social utility. d. a and b. ANS: D PTS: 1 11. Values development moves from a focus on self toward being guided in universal considerations. a. True b. False ANS: A PTS: 1 12. Nurses can avoid making inappropriate judgments about another’s moral capabilities by: a. understanding that all people have the same ethical, moral, and cultural values; they are just called by different names. b. keeping strict adherence to hospital and unit guidelines while caring for the patient and patient’s family. c. understanding varying perspectives from which moral decisions are made by both the nurse and the patient. d. all of the above. ANS: C PTS: 1 13. The discussions of moral development found in current literature flow primarily from the frameworks developed by: a. Kohlberg and Gilligan. c. Gilligan and Piaget. b. Piaget and Fowler. d. Kohlberg and Fowler. ANS: A PTS: 1 14. Phase 3 of Gilligan’s study of the psychological development of women includes which of the following? a. A focus on what is best for the self, and includes selfishness and dependence on others. b. The movement into a world beyond the family in which values and beliefs derive from experiences in interpersonal relationships. c. Mutual interpersonal expectations, relationships, and conformity. d. A deep appreciation of connectedness, including responsibility to self and others as moral equals, and a clear imperative to harm no one. ANS: D PTS: 1 MULTIPLE RESPONSE This study source was downloaded by from CourseH on :12:24 GMT -05:00 1. When considering developmental norms for moral development, nurses must be alert for (select all that apply): a. gender. d. norms. b. cultural factors. e. bias. c. faith development. ANS: A, B, D, E PTS: 1 2. Which of the following statements are true regarding Gilligan’s study of the psychosocial development of women? Select all that apply. a. Progression through each of the three stages reflects greater depth in understanding the relationship of self and others. b. Phase 3 focuses on the concern for survival. c. Gilligan suggests a linear progression moving from one phase to the next. d. Phase 2, focusing on good, includes a sense of goodness as self-sacrifice. e. Gilligan’s model is considered an ethic of care.