Environmental Science summary sheet 2023 with complete
solution
Which of the following is an example of chemical energy?
Energy in an apple that a worm eats.
Some cars are 100 percent efficient at converting energy from gasoline to energy
of motion.
False
Fossil fuels are made by the decay of living things. Because living things are
always dying and decaying, why are fossil fuels not a renewable source of
energy?
They take millions of years to form.
Energy from sunlight is _____; if it is harnessed to move a turbine and generate
electricity, then it has been converted to _____.
radiant energy; mechanical energy
_____ is a type of liquid fuel derived from plant materials.
Ethanol
As a result of the industrial revolution _____.
profound social and economic changes occurred
The ability to harvest fossil fuels was easier during the Industrial Revolution than
before it.
True
Food is shipped thousands of miles throughout our country using various types
of transportation such as trucks, planes, and boats. Food availability would be
most affected by a shortage in which of the following energy sources?
Petroleum
In the United States, we use energy more efficiently than in the past, and our total
energy consumption is therefore coming down.
False
The use of which energy source gave rise to growth of the US transportation
industry in the 1800s, resulting in more people being able to migrate to new areas
of the country?
Coal
Dependence on petroleum in the residential sector may decrease over the next
few decades due to _____.
increase in renewable energy sources
The decay and compression of organic material millions of years ago resulted in
extremely fertile soil that helped large rain forests to grow. This describes _____.
fossil fuels
Canada, Russia, and _____ are areas of large oil reserves
Saudi Arabia
The light bulbs in an office building give off tremendous amounts of heat.
Because heat is a form of energy, this heat could be trapped and used to offset
our need for electricity, thus saving energy and money.
, False
Prior to the development of new extraction methods, bitumen, or oil sands, was
not considered part of the world's oil reserves.
True
One reason that people are hesitant to drill for oil in the Arctic National Wildlife
Refuge is _____.
the exact amount and the quality of the crude oil are not known
Because the United States imports about 4 billion barrels of crude every year, at
best, the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge could provide us with nearly one
hundred years worth of oil.
False
Which of the following energy sources is NOT a type of coal or coal-precursor?
Petroleum
Which of the following types of coal requires the most intense pressure in order
to form?
Anthracite
The burning of coal is used to heat water in a coal-burning power plant.
True
Coal is plentiful and inexpensive; therefore many countries use it despite its
environmental impacts.
True
When coal is mined, it results in significant land destruction. Additionally, the
mining of coal can _____.
result in acid drainage
Coal has no advantage over other energy sources except that it is very cheap.
False
Which of the following describes the clean coal method of coal washing?
Mixing crushed coal with a liquid to remove mineral impurities.
Clean coal, though expensive, creates virtually no environmental impact.
False
Synthetic fuels are usually _____.
Liquid
Synfuels are made from energy sources that are more plentiful than _____.
oil
Using coal, steam, and _____, the Fischer-Tropsch Procedure converts coal into a
liquid fuel.
Oxygen
Gas-to-liquid synfuel production can produce diesel, naptha and paraffin. The
formation of these products usually involves _____.
the Fischer-Tropsch Process
Which of the following is a disadvantage to the coal-to-liquid production of
synthetic fuels?
It requires more coal mining
An advantage of biomass-to-liquid fuel synthesis is that there is no net increase
of carbon into the atmosphere.
True
solution
Which of the following is an example of chemical energy?
Energy in an apple that a worm eats.
Some cars are 100 percent efficient at converting energy from gasoline to energy
of motion.
False
Fossil fuels are made by the decay of living things. Because living things are
always dying and decaying, why are fossil fuels not a renewable source of
energy?
They take millions of years to form.
Energy from sunlight is _____; if it is harnessed to move a turbine and generate
electricity, then it has been converted to _____.
radiant energy; mechanical energy
_____ is a type of liquid fuel derived from plant materials.
Ethanol
As a result of the industrial revolution _____.
profound social and economic changes occurred
The ability to harvest fossil fuels was easier during the Industrial Revolution than
before it.
True
Food is shipped thousands of miles throughout our country using various types
of transportation such as trucks, planes, and boats. Food availability would be
most affected by a shortage in which of the following energy sources?
Petroleum
In the United States, we use energy more efficiently than in the past, and our total
energy consumption is therefore coming down.
False
The use of which energy source gave rise to growth of the US transportation
industry in the 1800s, resulting in more people being able to migrate to new areas
of the country?
Coal
Dependence on petroleum in the residential sector may decrease over the next
few decades due to _____.
increase in renewable energy sources
The decay and compression of organic material millions of years ago resulted in
extremely fertile soil that helped large rain forests to grow. This describes _____.
fossil fuels
Canada, Russia, and _____ are areas of large oil reserves
Saudi Arabia
The light bulbs in an office building give off tremendous amounts of heat.
Because heat is a form of energy, this heat could be trapped and used to offset
our need for electricity, thus saving energy and money.
, False
Prior to the development of new extraction methods, bitumen, or oil sands, was
not considered part of the world's oil reserves.
True
One reason that people are hesitant to drill for oil in the Arctic National Wildlife
Refuge is _____.
the exact amount and the quality of the crude oil are not known
Because the United States imports about 4 billion barrels of crude every year, at
best, the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge could provide us with nearly one
hundred years worth of oil.
False
Which of the following energy sources is NOT a type of coal or coal-precursor?
Petroleum
Which of the following types of coal requires the most intense pressure in order
to form?
Anthracite
The burning of coal is used to heat water in a coal-burning power plant.
True
Coal is plentiful and inexpensive; therefore many countries use it despite its
environmental impacts.
True
When coal is mined, it results in significant land destruction. Additionally, the
mining of coal can _____.
result in acid drainage
Coal has no advantage over other energy sources except that it is very cheap.
False
Which of the following describes the clean coal method of coal washing?
Mixing crushed coal with a liquid to remove mineral impurities.
Clean coal, though expensive, creates virtually no environmental impact.
False
Synthetic fuels are usually _____.
Liquid
Synfuels are made from energy sources that are more plentiful than _____.
oil
Using coal, steam, and _____, the Fischer-Tropsch Procedure converts coal into a
liquid fuel.
Oxygen
Gas-to-liquid synfuel production can produce diesel, naptha and paraffin. The
formation of these products usually involves _____.
the Fischer-Tropsch Process
Which of the following is a disadvantage to the coal-to-liquid production of
synthetic fuels?
It requires more coal mining
An advantage of biomass-to-liquid fuel synthesis is that there is no net increase
of carbon into the atmosphere.
True
