Matter in Our Surroundings
CBSE Class 9 Science Revision
Notes Chapter 1
The first chapter of Class 9 Science Matter in Our
Surroundings teaches you the physical properties of matter.
You must know that matter is nothing but everything that we
see around us. For instance, the air that we breathe, the
water we drink, the plants, the animals, everything is matter.
In other words, anything that has a mass and volume is
called matter. This chapter further sheds light on the
concepts of characteristics of particles of matter, states of
matter, change of state of matter, evaporation, latent heat of
vaporisation and latent heat of fusion.
At askIITians, we have prepared topic-wise revision notes
for CBSE Class 9 Science Chapter 1 Matter in Our
Surroundings. These notes are available for free to all the
students. The revision notes are carefully created by our
experts by following the latest CBSE syllabus. Their easy to
understand language, diagrams, illustrations, tables and
pointwise format will help you to understand every concept
of the chapter thoroughly.
At askIITians, you can also find free study resources for
Class 9 Science such as NCERT Solutions, NCERT
Exemplar solutions, mind maps, flashcards, practice papers,
extra questions and more. We also provide Class 6, 7, 8, 9,
10, 11, 12 notes for Science and Maths to help students
master the concepts easily.
Science Revision Notes for CBSE Class 9 Chapter 1
Matter in Our Surroundings
What is Matter?
,Air, water, stones, sand, clouds, pencils, books – Everything
is made up of matter. Matter is everything in this universe
that occupies space and has mass.
Constituents of Matter
According to the early Indian philosophers, every living and
non-living thing is made of five basic elements called
the Panchtatva – Air, Water, Earth, Sky, and Fire.
Therefore, matter is a composition of these five
constituents.
Physical Nature of Matter
Is matter continuous or particulate?
Matter is particulate in nature. This means that matter
consists of particles as you can see in the microscopic
image of a cube above.
For Example, If we put a drop of red colour in water the
colour of the water turns red. This happens because the
particles of red colour mix with the particles of water.
What is the size of these particles?
, The size of the particles of matter is very small.
They can be broken into further particles as well. For
Example, On dilution of a colourful solution, as shown in
the figure below, we can still see the colour. This means
there are millions of particles present in the colour which
just divide themselves on dilution.
Which of these is matter – happiness, air, sandwich,
thoughts, juice, and eraser? Air, sandwich, juice, and
eraser as they have mass, occupy space and can be
broken into further particles.
Characteristics of Particles of Matter
Particles of matter have three characteristics:
1. Particles of matter have spaces between them
2. Particles of matter are moving all the time
3. Particles of matter attract each other
Particles of Matter have spaces between them
Have you ever wondered what causes salt to get
dissolved in water?
Salt gets dissolved in water because its particles have
spaces between them. The particles of the salt get in
between the spaces between the particles of water and a
mixture is formed.
, We cannot see these particles through naked eyes.
Particles of Matter are continuously moving
Particles are continuously moving
Particles of matter are in motion all the time. Hence, they
possess kinetic energy.
Kinetic Energy – Energy due to motion
The particles of a matter intermix on their own with other
particles of a matter. For Example, Salt in water, Various
gases in the air, Ink in water.
Diffusion – The process of mixing two different types of
particles together is called diffusion. Diffusion becomes
faster on heating.
CBSE Class 9 Science Revision
Notes Chapter 1
The first chapter of Class 9 Science Matter in Our
Surroundings teaches you the physical properties of matter.
You must know that matter is nothing but everything that we
see around us. For instance, the air that we breathe, the
water we drink, the plants, the animals, everything is matter.
In other words, anything that has a mass and volume is
called matter. This chapter further sheds light on the
concepts of characteristics of particles of matter, states of
matter, change of state of matter, evaporation, latent heat of
vaporisation and latent heat of fusion.
At askIITians, we have prepared topic-wise revision notes
for CBSE Class 9 Science Chapter 1 Matter in Our
Surroundings. These notes are available for free to all the
students. The revision notes are carefully created by our
experts by following the latest CBSE syllabus. Their easy to
understand language, diagrams, illustrations, tables and
pointwise format will help you to understand every concept
of the chapter thoroughly.
At askIITians, you can also find free study resources for
Class 9 Science such as NCERT Solutions, NCERT
Exemplar solutions, mind maps, flashcards, practice papers,
extra questions and more. We also provide Class 6, 7, 8, 9,
10, 11, 12 notes for Science and Maths to help students
master the concepts easily.
Science Revision Notes for CBSE Class 9 Chapter 1
Matter in Our Surroundings
What is Matter?
,Air, water, stones, sand, clouds, pencils, books – Everything
is made up of matter. Matter is everything in this universe
that occupies space and has mass.
Constituents of Matter
According to the early Indian philosophers, every living and
non-living thing is made of five basic elements called
the Panchtatva – Air, Water, Earth, Sky, and Fire.
Therefore, matter is a composition of these five
constituents.
Physical Nature of Matter
Is matter continuous or particulate?
Matter is particulate in nature. This means that matter
consists of particles as you can see in the microscopic
image of a cube above.
For Example, If we put a drop of red colour in water the
colour of the water turns red. This happens because the
particles of red colour mix with the particles of water.
What is the size of these particles?
, The size of the particles of matter is very small.
They can be broken into further particles as well. For
Example, On dilution of a colourful solution, as shown in
the figure below, we can still see the colour. This means
there are millions of particles present in the colour which
just divide themselves on dilution.
Which of these is matter – happiness, air, sandwich,
thoughts, juice, and eraser? Air, sandwich, juice, and
eraser as they have mass, occupy space and can be
broken into further particles.
Characteristics of Particles of Matter
Particles of matter have three characteristics:
1. Particles of matter have spaces between them
2. Particles of matter are moving all the time
3. Particles of matter attract each other
Particles of Matter have spaces between them
Have you ever wondered what causes salt to get
dissolved in water?
Salt gets dissolved in water because its particles have
spaces between them. The particles of the salt get in
between the spaces between the particles of water and a
mixture is formed.
, We cannot see these particles through naked eyes.
Particles of Matter are continuously moving
Particles are continuously moving
Particles of matter are in motion all the time. Hence, they
possess kinetic energy.
Kinetic Energy – Energy due to motion
The particles of a matter intermix on their own with other
particles of a matter. For Example, Salt in water, Various
gases in the air, Ink in water.
Diffusion – The process of mixing two different types of
particles together is called diffusion. Diffusion becomes
faster on heating.
