Roles Quiz Bank Joel .
CHAPTER1:
ANSWERS AND RATIONALES
1. Which change represents the primary impetus for the end of the era of the female
lay healer?
1. Perception of health promotion as an obligation
2. Development of a clinical nurse specialist position statement
3. Foundation of the American Association of Nurse-Midwives
4. Emergence of a medical
establishment Page: 4
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1. This is incorrect. Lay healers traditionally viewed their role as being a
function of their community obligations; however, the emerging medical
establishment viewed healing as a commodity. The emergence of a male
medical establishment represents the primary impetus for the end of the era
of the female lay healer.
2. This is incorrect. The American Nurses Association (ANA) position
statement on educational requirements for the clinical nurse specialist (CNS)
was developed in 1965; the ANA’s position statement on the role of the CNS
was issued in 1976. The emergence of a male medical establishment
represents the primary impetus for the end of the era of the female lay
healer.
3. This is incorrect. The American Association of Nurse-Midwives (AANM)
was founded in 1928. The emergence of a male medical establishment
represents the primary impetus for the end of the era of the female lay
healer.
4. This is correct. The emergence of a male medical establishment
represents the primary impetus for the end of the era of the female lay
healer. Whereas lay healers viewed their role as being a function of their
community obligations, the emerging medical establishment viewed healing
as a commodity. The era of the female lay healer began and ended in the
,Roles Quiz Bank Joel .
19th century. The American Association of Nurse-Midwives (AANM) was
founded
,Roles Quiz Bank Joel .
in 1928. The American Nurses Association (ANA) position statement on
educational requirements for the clinical nurse specialist (CNS) was
developed in 1965; the ANA’s position statement on the role of the CNS was
issued in 1976.
2. The beginning of modern nursing is traditionally considered to have begun with
which event?
1. Establishment of the first school of nursing
2. Incorporation of midwifery by the lay healer
3. Establishment of the Frontier Nursing Service (FNS)
4. Creation of the American Association of Nurse-Midwives
(AANM) Answer: 1
Pages: 4–5
Feedback
1. This is correct. Traditionally, modern nursing is considered to have begun
in 1873, when the first three U.S. training schools for nurses opened. The
role of the lay healer as a midwife is documented to have occurred in the
19th century, before the establishment of schools of nursing. The Frontier
Nursing Service (FNS), which provided nurse-midwifery services, was
established in 1925. In 1928, the Kentucky State Association of Midwives,
which was an outgrowth of the FNS, became the American Association of
Nurse-Midwives (AANM).
2. This is incorrect. The role of the lay healer as a midwife is documented
to have occurred in the 19th century, before the establishment of schools
of nursing. Traditionally, modern nursing is considered to have begun in
1873, when the first three U.S. training schools for nurses opened.
3. This is incorrect. The Frontier Nursing Service (FNS), which provided nursemidwifery services,
was established in 1925. Traditionally, modern nursing is
considered to have begun in 1873, when the first three U.S. training schools
for nurses opened.
, Roles Quiz Bank Joel .
4. This is incorrect. In 1928, the Kentucky State Association of Midwives, which
was an outgrowth of the FNS, became the American Association of NurseMidwives (AANM). Modern
nursing is considered to have begun in 1873, at
which time the first three U.S. training schools for nurses opened.
3. In 1910, which factors most significantly influenced the midwifery profession? Select
all that apply.
1. Strict licensing requirements
2. Negative public perception
3. Dedicated funding for training
4. Poor maternal-child outcomes
5. Mandatory professional supervision
Answer: 2, 4
Pages: 6–7
Feedback
1. This is incorrect. In 1910, the midwifery profession was significantly
influenced by poor maternal-child outcomes and a public perception as
unprofessional. Though legislation ultimately was passed to tighten
requirements related to licensing and supervision of midwives, in the early
20th century, midwives were largely unregulated and generally perceived
as unprofessional.
2. This is correct. In 1910, the midwifery profession was significantly
influenced by poor maternal-child outcomes and a public perception as
unprofessional.
At that time, approximately 50% of all U.S. births were reportedly attended
by midwives. However, especially with regard to perinatal health indicators,
the national population’s general health was poor. Unfavorable outcomes
among both mothers and infants were attributed to midwives who, at that
time, were largely unregulated and generally perceived as unprofessional.
Poor maternal-child outcomes, negative perceptions of midwives,
obstetricians’ targeted efforts to take control of the birthing process, and a
movement away
CHAPTER1:
ANSWERS AND RATIONALES
1. Which change represents the primary impetus for the end of the era of the female
lay healer?
1. Perception of health promotion as an obligation
2. Development of a clinical nurse specialist position statement
3. Foundation of the American Association of Nurse-Midwives
4. Emergence of a medical
establishment Page: 4
Feedback
1. This is incorrect. Lay healers traditionally viewed their role as being a
function of their community obligations; however, the emerging medical
establishment viewed healing as a commodity. The emergence of a male
medical establishment represents the primary impetus for the end of the era
of the female lay healer.
2. This is incorrect. The American Nurses Association (ANA) position
statement on educational requirements for the clinical nurse specialist (CNS)
was developed in 1965; the ANA’s position statement on the role of the CNS
was issued in 1976. The emergence of a male medical establishment
represents the primary impetus for the end of the era of the female lay
healer.
3. This is incorrect. The American Association of Nurse-Midwives (AANM)
was founded in 1928. The emergence of a male medical establishment
represents the primary impetus for the end of the era of the female lay
healer.
4. This is correct. The emergence of a male medical establishment
represents the primary impetus for the end of the era of the female lay
healer. Whereas lay healers viewed their role as being a function of their
community obligations, the emerging medical establishment viewed healing
as a commodity. The era of the female lay healer began and ended in the
,Roles Quiz Bank Joel .
19th century. The American Association of Nurse-Midwives (AANM) was
founded
,Roles Quiz Bank Joel .
in 1928. The American Nurses Association (ANA) position statement on
educational requirements for the clinical nurse specialist (CNS) was
developed in 1965; the ANA’s position statement on the role of the CNS was
issued in 1976.
2. The beginning of modern nursing is traditionally considered to have begun with
which event?
1. Establishment of the first school of nursing
2. Incorporation of midwifery by the lay healer
3. Establishment of the Frontier Nursing Service (FNS)
4. Creation of the American Association of Nurse-Midwives
(AANM) Answer: 1
Pages: 4–5
Feedback
1. This is correct. Traditionally, modern nursing is considered to have begun
in 1873, when the first three U.S. training schools for nurses opened. The
role of the lay healer as a midwife is documented to have occurred in the
19th century, before the establishment of schools of nursing. The Frontier
Nursing Service (FNS), which provided nurse-midwifery services, was
established in 1925. In 1928, the Kentucky State Association of Midwives,
which was an outgrowth of the FNS, became the American Association of
Nurse-Midwives (AANM).
2. This is incorrect. The role of the lay healer as a midwife is documented
to have occurred in the 19th century, before the establishment of schools
of nursing. Traditionally, modern nursing is considered to have begun in
1873, when the first three U.S. training schools for nurses opened.
3. This is incorrect. The Frontier Nursing Service (FNS), which provided nursemidwifery services,
was established in 1925. Traditionally, modern nursing is
considered to have begun in 1873, when the first three U.S. training schools
for nurses opened.
, Roles Quiz Bank Joel .
4. This is incorrect. In 1928, the Kentucky State Association of Midwives, which
was an outgrowth of the FNS, became the American Association of NurseMidwives (AANM). Modern
nursing is considered to have begun in 1873, at
which time the first three U.S. training schools for nurses opened.
3. In 1910, which factors most significantly influenced the midwifery profession? Select
all that apply.
1. Strict licensing requirements
2. Negative public perception
3. Dedicated funding for training
4. Poor maternal-child outcomes
5. Mandatory professional supervision
Answer: 2, 4
Pages: 6–7
Feedback
1. This is incorrect. In 1910, the midwifery profession was significantly
influenced by poor maternal-child outcomes and a public perception as
unprofessional. Though legislation ultimately was passed to tighten
requirements related to licensing and supervision of midwives, in the early
20th century, midwives were largely unregulated and generally perceived
as unprofessional.
2. This is correct. In 1910, the midwifery profession was significantly
influenced by poor maternal-child outcomes and a public perception as
unprofessional.
At that time, approximately 50% of all U.S. births were reportedly attended
by midwives. However, especially with regard to perinatal health indicators,
the national population’s general health was poor. Unfavorable outcomes
among both mothers and infants were attributed to midwives who, at that
time, were largely unregulated and generally perceived as unprofessional.
Poor maternal-child outcomes, negative perceptions of midwives,
obstetricians’ targeted efforts to take control of the birthing process, and a
movement away
