Chapter 1 MB Buckingham ASCP New Version.

Chapter 1 MB Buckingham ASCP New Version. Johann Friedrich Miescher - ANSWERDiscovered DNA 1869. Extracted a viscous substance from isolated white blood cells. Prepared nuclei of cells by adding pepsin. Chemical analysis of this substance found in nuclei ("nuclein") showed that it was 14% N and 2.5% P, different from other known biochemicals. Nucleotides - ANSWERBuilding blocks of DNA, 700 kilodaltons each. Consists of a 5 C sugar where the 1st C is covalently bonded to a N base, and the 5th C is bonded to a phosphate. Can be converted to nucleosides by hydrolysis. Nucleosides - ANSWERA N base bonded to an unphosphorylated sugar. Include Adenosine, Guanosine, Cytidine, and Thymidine. Deoxyribose Sugar - ANSWERThe 5 C sugar of DNA. The 2nd C is linked to an H atom instead of an OH group. The OH group on the 3 C is used in forming the phosphodiester bond. Nitrogen Bases - ANSWERPlanar Carbon-Nitrogen ring structures. The four used in DNA are adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine. N bases with a single ring structure are pyrimidines (thymine, cytosine). N bases with double ring structures are purines (adenine, guanine). B-Form DNA - ANSWERHydrated form of DNA. Standard form. 10.5 steps/base pairs per turn. Right-handed helix.