Clinical Chemistry I ASCP review (youlazy) 2023
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS ( A+ GRADED 100%
VERIFIED) Over 400 Questions And Correct Answers
With Rationale
Which of the following lamps provides a continuous spectrum of radiant energy
in the visible, near IR, and near UV regions of the spectrum?
A. Tungsten-filament
B. Hydrogen
C. Deuterium
D. Mercury vapor
A most common light source for photometry in the visible region. continuous spectrum
(360-800 nm). near IR and UV.
Hydrogen and Deuterium (200-375 nm)
Mercury vapor- not a continuous spectrum, emitting radiation at specific wavelengths
Which of the following isolates light
within a narrow region of the spectrum?
A. Photomultiplier tube
B. Monochromator
C. Photovoltaic cell
D. Detector
B Use for selecting a narrow band wavelengths from a continuous spectrum. Three
kinds (prisms, filters, diffraction gratings.
Which of the following is not descriptive of a photomultiplier tube?
A. Emits electrons proportionally to
initial light absorbed
B. Must be shielded from stray light
C. Cannot be used with a chopper
D. Amplifies the initial signal received
C
PMT- responds to the radiant energy light it absorbs by emitting electrons in a
proportional amount to the initial light absorbed.
Which of the following is false about
a photomultiplier tube?
A. Converts radiant energy (light)
to electrical energy (current)
B. Amplifies the current significantly
C. Has a very rapid response time
D. Is composed of an iron plate and
a layer of selenium
D is part of a barrier layer cell
PMT- 1. light to electricity
2. Amplification
,5. Which type of photodetector employs a linear arrangement that allows it to
respond to a specific wavelength resulting in complete UV/visible spectrum
analysis?
A. Photomultiplier tube
B. Phototube
C. Barrier layer cell
D. Photodiode array
D
256-2048 arranged in a linear fashion
Respond to a specific wavelength that results in a continuous UV/ visible spectrum.
When performing spectrophotometer
quality assurance checks, what is the
holmium oxide glass filter used to assess?
A. Linearity
B. Stray light
C. Absorbance accuracy
D. Wavelength accuracy
D
In spectrophotometric analysis, what is the purpose of the reagent blank?
A. Correct for interfering chromogens
B. Correct for lipemia
C. Correct for protein
D. Correct for color contribution of the reagents
D
In regard to bichromatic analysis, which of the following is false?
A. Absorbance is measured at the
spectral absorbance peak for a blank
and the sample using the same
wavelength.
B. Eliminates background interferences
C. Sample concentration determined
from difference in two measured
absorbances
D. Functions as a reference blank for
each sample
A
The bandpass of a spectrophotometer is
10 nm. If an instalment is set at 540 nm, the wavelengths that are permitted to
impinge on the sample will be within what
wavelength range?
A. 530-540 nm
B. 530-550 nm
C. 535-545 nm
D. 540-550 nm
C
540 +/- 5nm (10nm)
,Which of the following formulas is an
expression of the Beer-Lambert law that is
routinely applied to spectrophotometric
analysis?
A. A u X C s/As = C u
B. C u X C s/As= A u
C. A s X C s/C u = A u
D. A = 2 - log %T
A
1 1 . In spectrophotometry, which of the following is a mathematical expression of
the relationship between absorbance and transmittance?
A. A — abc
R A u/ C u = A s/C s
C. A = 2 - log %T
D. A = log %T
C
Which of the following is not a problem inherent in turbidimetry?
A. Variation in particle size of samples
B. Variation in particle size of standards
C. Rate of aggregation or settling of
particles
D. Need to maintain a constant and
specific temperature
D
Which of the following may be asso-
ciated with reflectance spectrophotometry as it relates to the dry reagent slide
technique?
A. Light projected to the slide at
180-degree angle
B. Dye concentration directly
proportional to reflectance
C. Unabsorbed, reflected light detected
by photodetector
D. Reflectance values are linearly
proportional to transmission values
C
Fluorometers are designed so that the path of the exciting light is at a right angle
to the path of the emitted light. What is the purpose of this design?
A. Prevent loss of emitted light
B. Prevent loss of the excitation light
C. Focus emitted and excitation light
upon the detector
D. Prevent excitation light from reaching the detector
D
Which of the following represents
a primary advantage of performing
, fluorometric over absorption spectro- scopic methods of analysis?
A. Increased specificity and increased
sensitivity
B. Increased specificity and decreased sensitivity
C. Purity of reagents used not as critical
D. Ease of performing assays
A
Which of the following may be associated with fluorescence polarization?
A. Plane-polarized light is used for
sample excitation.
B. Small molecular complexes show
a greater amount of polarization.
C. It is a heterogeneous technique
employed in fluorophore-ligand
immunoassays.
D. Polarized light detected is directly
proportional to concentration of ligand in sample.
A
Which of the following may be associated with bioluminescence?
A. Light emission produced due to
enzymatic oxidation of a substrate
B. Less sensitive than direct fluorescent assays
C. Electron excitation caused by radiant energy
D. Employs a radioactive label
A
18. Nephelometry is based on the measurement of light that is
A. Absorbed by particles in suspension
B. Scattered by particles in suspension
C. Produced by fluorescence
D. Produced by excitation of ground-state atoms
B
Which of the following instruments is
used in the clinical laboratory or in
reference laboratories to detect beta and gamma emissions?
A. Fluorometer
B. Nephelometer
C. Scintillation counter
D. Spectrophotometer
C
uses a crystal of sodium iodide
thallium as an activator (gamma)
Which of the following best describes
chemiluminescence?
A. Electron excitation caused by radiant energy
B. Enzymatic oxidation of a substrate
produces light emission
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS ( A+ GRADED 100%
VERIFIED) Over 400 Questions And Correct Answers
With Rationale
Which of the following lamps provides a continuous spectrum of radiant energy
in the visible, near IR, and near UV regions of the spectrum?
A. Tungsten-filament
B. Hydrogen
C. Deuterium
D. Mercury vapor
A most common light source for photometry in the visible region. continuous spectrum
(360-800 nm). near IR and UV.
Hydrogen and Deuterium (200-375 nm)
Mercury vapor- not a continuous spectrum, emitting radiation at specific wavelengths
Which of the following isolates light
within a narrow region of the spectrum?
A. Photomultiplier tube
B. Monochromator
C. Photovoltaic cell
D. Detector
B Use for selecting a narrow band wavelengths from a continuous spectrum. Three
kinds (prisms, filters, diffraction gratings.
Which of the following is not descriptive of a photomultiplier tube?
A. Emits electrons proportionally to
initial light absorbed
B. Must be shielded from stray light
C. Cannot be used with a chopper
D. Amplifies the initial signal received
C
PMT- responds to the radiant energy light it absorbs by emitting electrons in a
proportional amount to the initial light absorbed.
Which of the following is false about
a photomultiplier tube?
A. Converts radiant energy (light)
to electrical energy (current)
B. Amplifies the current significantly
C. Has a very rapid response time
D. Is composed of an iron plate and
a layer of selenium
D is part of a barrier layer cell
PMT- 1. light to electricity
2. Amplification
,5. Which type of photodetector employs a linear arrangement that allows it to
respond to a specific wavelength resulting in complete UV/visible spectrum
analysis?
A. Photomultiplier tube
B. Phototube
C. Barrier layer cell
D. Photodiode array
D
256-2048 arranged in a linear fashion
Respond to a specific wavelength that results in a continuous UV/ visible spectrum.
When performing spectrophotometer
quality assurance checks, what is the
holmium oxide glass filter used to assess?
A. Linearity
B. Stray light
C. Absorbance accuracy
D. Wavelength accuracy
D
In spectrophotometric analysis, what is the purpose of the reagent blank?
A. Correct for interfering chromogens
B. Correct for lipemia
C. Correct for protein
D. Correct for color contribution of the reagents
D
In regard to bichromatic analysis, which of the following is false?
A. Absorbance is measured at the
spectral absorbance peak for a blank
and the sample using the same
wavelength.
B. Eliminates background interferences
C. Sample concentration determined
from difference in two measured
absorbances
D. Functions as a reference blank for
each sample
A
The bandpass of a spectrophotometer is
10 nm. If an instalment is set at 540 nm, the wavelengths that are permitted to
impinge on the sample will be within what
wavelength range?
A. 530-540 nm
B. 530-550 nm
C. 535-545 nm
D. 540-550 nm
C
540 +/- 5nm (10nm)
,Which of the following formulas is an
expression of the Beer-Lambert law that is
routinely applied to spectrophotometric
analysis?
A. A u X C s/As = C u
B. C u X C s/As= A u
C. A s X C s/C u = A u
D. A = 2 - log %T
A
1 1 . In spectrophotometry, which of the following is a mathematical expression of
the relationship between absorbance and transmittance?
A. A — abc
R A u/ C u = A s/C s
C. A = 2 - log %T
D. A = log %T
C
Which of the following is not a problem inherent in turbidimetry?
A. Variation in particle size of samples
B. Variation in particle size of standards
C. Rate of aggregation or settling of
particles
D. Need to maintain a constant and
specific temperature
D
Which of the following may be asso-
ciated with reflectance spectrophotometry as it relates to the dry reagent slide
technique?
A. Light projected to the slide at
180-degree angle
B. Dye concentration directly
proportional to reflectance
C. Unabsorbed, reflected light detected
by photodetector
D. Reflectance values are linearly
proportional to transmission values
C
Fluorometers are designed so that the path of the exciting light is at a right angle
to the path of the emitted light. What is the purpose of this design?
A. Prevent loss of emitted light
B. Prevent loss of the excitation light
C. Focus emitted and excitation light
upon the detector
D. Prevent excitation light from reaching the detector
D
Which of the following represents
a primary advantage of performing
, fluorometric over absorption spectro- scopic methods of analysis?
A. Increased specificity and increased
sensitivity
B. Increased specificity and decreased sensitivity
C. Purity of reagents used not as critical
D. Ease of performing assays
A
Which of the following may be associated with fluorescence polarization?
A. Plane-polarized light is used for
sample excitation.
B. Small molecular complexes show
a greater amount of polarization.
C. It is a heterogeneous technique
employed in fluorophore-ligand
immunoassays.
D. Polarized light detected is directly
proportional to concentration of ligand in sample.
A
Which of the following may be associated with bioluminescence?
A. Light emission produced due to
enzymatic oxidation of a substrate
B. Less sensitive than direct fluorescent assays
C. Electron excitation caused by radiant energy
D. Employs a radioactive label
A
18. Nephelometry is based on the measurement of light that is
A. Absorbed by particles in suspension
B. Scattered by particles in suspension
C. Produced by fluorescence
D. Produced by excitation of ground-state atoms
B
Which of the following instruments is
used in the clinical laboratory or in
reference laboratories to detect beta and gamma emissions?
A. Fluorometer
B. Nephelometer
C. Scintillation counter
D. Spectrophotometer
C
uses a crystal of sodium iodide
thallium as an activator (gamma)
Which of the following best describes
chemiluminescence?
A. Electron excitation caused by radiant energy
B. Enzymatic oxidation of a substrate
produces light emission
