Anatomy & Physiology Segment 2 Exam
(Answered) Verified Solution
Which of the following produces the first heart sound?
The closing of the valves between the atria and ventricles
A doctor detects an irregularity in the second part of the heartbeat. Where would
the abnormality occur that would cause this irregularity?
Valve between the left ventricle and the body
Consuming salt causes the body to retain water. Eating a very salty diet is likely
to result in which of the following?
Hypertension (high blood pressure)
Blood vessel plaques can
Increase blood pressure by reducing the flexibility of blood vessels
Which of the following would indicate that a person is genetically predisposed to
hypertension?
Their parents and other close family members have high blood pressure
A person has parents with high cholesterol. How will this impact the person's risk
of developing a blood disease?
The person will have a higher risk for atherosclerosis regardless of his current or past
lifestyle choices
Which position on an electrocardiogram corresponds with the point of highest
blood pressure in the vessels leaving the heart?
QRS wave
A particular disease destroys connective tissue. Which tissue layers and
corresponding functions will this negatively affect in arteries and veins?
Tunica externa - the supporting tissue of blood vessels
Which of the following could result from too many platelets in the blood?
Excessive blood clotting, because platelets clot blood at a wound site
Sickle-cell anemia is a genetic disorder affecting the hemoglobin proteins of red
blood cells. It is particularly common in people descended from sub-Saharan
African cultures. Why might a couple who do not suffer from sickle-cell anemia
have their blood tested for the disease before they decide to get pregnant?
The parents can still carry sickle-cell genes without showing symptoms of the the
disease.
Hypertension is a major risk factor for stroke. A stroke can be caused by
excessive blood clotting. Based on this information, which of the following would
indicate that a stroke might have some genetic basis?
Family history of hypertension and excessive platelet production
According to the National Heart and Lung Institute, deep vein thrombosis, or DVT,
is a blood clot that forms in a vein deep in the body. Most deep vein blood clots
occur in the lower leg or thigh. A blood clot in a deep vein can break off and
travel through the bloodstream. The loose clot is called an embolus (EM-bo-lus).
It can travel to an artery in the lungs and block blood flow. This condition is
called pulmonary embolism (PULL-mun-ary EM-bo-lizm), or PE.
An accumulation of platelets in the leg
, According to the National Heart and Lung Institute, immune thrombocytopenia
(THROM-bo-si-toe-PE-ne-ah), or ITP, is a bleeding disorder. In ITP, the blood
doesn't clot as it should. In most cases, an autoimmune response is thought to
cause ITP. Normally, your immune system helps your body fight off infections
and diseases. But if you have ITP, your immune system attacks and destroys its
own clotting mechanisms. Which of the following treatments would benefit
someone with ITP?
Reducing their white blood cell count and increasing their platelet count
Keisha has a family history of atherosclerosis. How can Keisha's family history
impact her health?
Keisha may develop high blood pressure, even with a healthful diet.
Which of the following would increase blood pressure?
Constricted blood vessels
Which of the following would occur if the heart pumped more strongly with each
beat?
Increase in both systolic and diastolic pressure
A patient who has a high-fat diet has just suffered a stroke. How could the
patient's diet have contributed to the stroke?
By causing arterial plaque buildup
Which statement accurately identifies the order of tissues pictured from left to
right in the microscopic image?
Tunica externa, tunica media, tunica intima
Which blood vessels carry oxygen and nutrients directly to the individual cells in
tissues and organs?
Capillaries
How do arteries differ in structure from capillaries and veins?
Arteries have more elastin in tissue than veins and capillaries.
Which blood vessels have thick, muscular, and elastic walls?
Arteries
Which statement describes the condition of the heart at the point indicated in the
electrocardiogram? (pointing to P)
The atria are contracting and pushing blood into the bottom ventricles of the heart.
Which statement describes the condition of the heart at the point indicated in the
electrocardiogram? (pointing between Q and R)
The muscles of the ventricles depolarize.
Which statement accurately describes the tissues labeled in the microscopic
image?
The muscle tissues of arteries are thicker than the muscle tissues of veins
Which of the following would characterize a nonhereditary disease of white blood
cells?
Inability to fight infection that will not be prevalent in other family members
The following is an excerpt from the case study "It's All Greek to Me," where Dr.
Stephens is explaining Nikoleta's disease to Mr. and Mrs. Stamos: "Nikoleta has
what is known as beta-thalassemia, ... there are two types of hemoglobin proteins
involved in the process of carrying oxygen, alpha and beta. You need both of
(Answered) Verified Solution
Which of the following produces the first heart sound?
The closing of the valves between the atria and ventricles
A doctor detects an irregularity in the second part of the heartbeat. Where would
the abnormality occur that would cause this irregularity?
Valve between the left ventricle and the body
Consuming salt causes the body to retain water. Eating a very salty diet is likely
to result in which of the following?
Hypertension (high blood pressure)
Blood vessel plaques can
Increase blood pressure by reducing the flexibility of blood vessels
Which of the following would indicate that a person is genetically predisposed to
hypertension?
Their parents and other close family members have high blood pressure
A person has parents with high cholesterol. How will this impact the person's risk
of developing a blood disease?
The person will have a higher risk for atherosclerosis regardless of his current or past
lifestyle choices
Which position on an electrocardiogram corresponds with the point of highest
blood pressure in the vessels leaving the heart?
QRS wave
A particular disease destroys connective tissue. Which tissue layers and
corresponding functions will this negatively affect in arteries and veins?
Tunica externa - the supporting tissue of blood vessels
Which of the following could result from too many platelets in the blood?
Excessive blood clotting, because platelets clot blood at a wound site
Sickle-cell anemia is a genetic disorder affecting the hemoglobin proteins of red
blood cells. It is particularly common in people descended from sub-Saharan
African cultures. Why might a couple who do not suffer from sickle-cell anemia
have their blood tested for the disease before they decide to get pregnant?
The parents can still carry sickle-cell genes without showing symptoms of the the
disease.
Hypertension is a major risk factor for stroke. A stroke can be caused by
excessive blood clotting. Based on this information, which of the following would
indicate that a stroke might have some genetic basis?
Family history of hypertension and excessive platelet production
According to the National Heart and Lung Institute, deep vein thrombosis, or DVT,
is a blood clot that forms in a vein deep in the body. Most deep vein blood clots
occur in the lower leg or thigh. A blood clot in a deep vein can break off and
travel through the bloodstream. The loose clot is called an embolus (EM-bo-lus).
It can travel to an artery in the lungs and block blood flow. This condition is
called pulmonary embolism (PULL-mun-ary EM-bo-lizm), or PE.
An accumulation of platelets in the leg
, According to the National Heart and Lung Institute, immune thrombocytopenia
(THROM-bo-si-toe-PE-ne-ah), or ITP, is a bleeding disorder. In ITP, the blood
doesn't clot as it should. In most cases, an autoimmune response is thought to
cause ITP. Normally, your immune system helps your body fight off infections
and diseases. But if you have ITP, your immune system attacks and destroys its
own clotting mechanisms. Which of the following treatments would benefit
someone with ITP?
Reducing their white blood cell count and increasing their platelet count
Keisha has a family history of atherosclerosis. How can Keisha's family history
impact her health?
Keisha may develop high blood pressure, even with a healthful diet.
Which of the following would increase blood pressure?
Constricted blood vessels
Which of the following would occur if the heart pumped more strongly with each
beat?
Increase in both systolic and diastolic pressure
A patient who has a high-fat diet has just suffered a stroke. How could the
patient's diet have contributed to the stroke?
By causing arterial plaque buildup
Which statement accurately identifies the order of tissues pictured from left to
right in the microscopic image?
Tunica externa, tunica media, tunica intima
Which blood vessels carry oxygen and nutrients directly to the individual cells in
tissues and organs?
Capillaries
How do arteries differ in structure from capillaries and veins?
Arteries have more elastin in tissue than veins and capillaries.
Which blood vessels have thick, muscular, and elastic walls?
Arteries
Which statement describes the condition of the heart at the point indicated in the
electrocardiogram? (pointing to P)
The atria are contracting and pushing blood into the bottom ventricles of the heart.
Which statement describes the condition of the heart at the point indicated in the
electrocardiogram? (pointing between Q and R)
The muscles of the ventricles depolarize.
Which statement accurately describes the tissues labeled in the microscopic
image?
The muscle tissues of arteries are thicker than the muscle tissues of veins
Which of the following would characterize a nonhereditary disease of white blood
cells?
Inability to fight infection that will not be prevalent in other family members
The following is an excerpt from the case study "It's All Greek to Me," where Dr.
Stephens is explaining Nikoleta's disease to Mr. and Mrs. Stamos: "Nikoleta has
what is known as beta-thalassemia, ... there are two types of hemoglobin proteins
involved in the process of carrying oxygen, alpha and beta. You need both of
