HESI Pharmacology Question Bank 2023/2024 (FINAL EXAM)

HESI Pharmacology Question Bank 2023/2024 (FINAL EXAM) A male client asks the nurse why condoms should not be lubricated with the spermicide nonoxynol-9. Which response is best for the nurse to provide? - ANS- Nonoxynol-9 provides no protection from STDs and has been linked to the transmission of HIV. The nurse is assessing a stuporous client in the emergency department who is suspected of overdosing with opioids. Which agent should the nurse prepare to administer if the client becomes comatose? - ANS- Naloxone hydrochloride (Narcan) A primigravida at 34 weeks of gestation is admitted to labor and delivery in preterm labor. She is started on a terbutaline sulfate (Brethine) continuous IV infusion via pump. This therapy is ineffective, and the baby is delivered vaginally. For which complication should the nurse monitor in this infant during the first few hours after delivery? - ANS- Hypoglycemia A client with metastatic cancer reports severe continuous pain. Which route of administration should the nurse use to provide the most effective continuous analgesia? - ANS- Transdermal A client who is hypertensive receives a prescription for hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ). When teaching about the side effects of this drug, which symptoms are most important for the nurse to instruct the client to report? - ANS- Fatigue and muscle weakness Prior to administering a scheduled dose of digoxin (Lanoxin), the nurse reviews the client's current serum digoxin level, which is 1.3 ng/dL. Which action should the nurse implement? - ANS- Give the dose of digoxin if the client's heart rate is within a safe range. A client who is receiving chlorpromazine HCl (Thorazine) to control his psychotic behavior also has a prescription for benztropine (Cogentin). When teaching the client and/or significant others about these medications, what should the nurse explain about the use of benztropine (Cogentin) in the treatment plan for this client? - ANS- The benztropine (Cogentin) is used to control extrapyramidal symptoms. The nurse is preparing a plan of care for a client receiving the glucocorticoid methylprednisolone (Solu-Medrol). Which nursing diagnosis reflects a problem related to this medication that should be included in the care plan? - ANS- Risk for infection A client being treated for an acute myocardial infarction is to receive the tissue plasminogen activator alteplase (Activase). The nurse would be correct in providing which explanation to the client regarding the purpose of this drug? - ANS- This drug is a clot buster that dissolves clots within a coronary artery. A lidocaine IV infusion at 4 mg/min via infusion pump is prescribed for a client having premature ventricular contractions (PVCs). The available premixed infusion contains 2 mg/mL of D5W. How many milliliters per hour should the nurse program the pump to deliver to this client? - ANS- 120 A client who is HIV-positive is receiving epoetin alfa (Epogen) for the management of anemia secondary to zidovudine (AZT) therapy. Which laboratory finding is most important for the nurse to report to the health care provider? - ANS- Hematocrit (HCT) of 58% A client is ordered 22 mg of gentamicin by IM injection. The drug is available in 20 mg/2 mL. How many mL should be administered? - ANS- 2.2 mL The charge nurse is reviewing the admission history and physical data for four clients newly admitted to the unit. Which client is at greatest risk for adverse reactions to medications? - ANS- 75-year-old woman with liver disease During therapy with isoniazid (INH), it is most important for the nurse to monitor which laboratory value closely? - ANS- Liver enzyme levels A client receives an antihypertensive agent daily. Which action is most important for the nurse to implement prior to administering the medication? - ANS- Obtain the client's blood pressure. The nurse is preparing a teaching plan for a client who has received a new prescription for levothyroxine sodium (Synthroid). Which instruction should be included? - ANS- "Take your pulse daily, and if it exceeds 100 beats/min, contact the health care provider." A client with a dislocated shoulder is being prepared for a closed manual reduction using conscious sedation. Which medication should the nurse explain as a sedative used during the procedure? - ANS- Midazolam (Versed) IV Which physiologic mechanism explains a drug's increased metabolism that is triggered by a disease process? - ANS- Pharmacokinetics A 42-year-old client is admitted to the emergency department after taking an overdose of amitriptyline (Elavil) in a suicide attempt. Which drug should the nurse plan to administer to reverse the cardiac and central nervous system effects of amitriptyline (Elavil)? - ANS- Sodium bicarbonate