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Grammar unit 7

Present perfect simple
General rule

POSITIVE
I have / ‘ve seen.
You have / ‘ve seen.
He has / ‘s seen.
She has / ‘s seen.
It has / ‘s seen.
We have / ‘ve seen.
You have / ‘ve seen.
They have / ‘ve seen.

NEGATIVE
I have not / haven’t seen.
You have not / haven’t seen.
He has not / hasn’t seen.
She has not / hasn’t seen.
It has not / hasn’t seen.
We have not / haven’t seen.
You have not / haven’t seen.
They have not / haven’t seen.

QUESTION
Have I seen?
Have you seen?
Has he seen?
Has she seen?
Has it seen?
Have we seen?
Have you seen?
Have they seen?

Form
To form the present perfect simple we use the present simple of to have and the past participle
(voltooid deelwoord).

Use
We use the present perfect to talk about an action in a period of time that started in the past and
that is still going on.
! Time indicators such as never, just, always … are put in front of the past participle.
I have never eaten spaghetti.
I have just met him.
I have always wanted to go to New York.


Past simple versus present perfect