Neurotransmitters and its types.
Neurotransmitters
Neurotransmitters are chemical messengers. They are produced in the Basal
Ganglia (basal ganglia is formed by 5 to 7 nuclei).
The main job of neurotransmitters is to carry the chemical signals from one neuron
cell to the next target cell i.e., nerve cell, muscle cell or gland.
Neurotransmitters are of 3 types in nature. They are excitatory, inhibitory and
dual.
Excitatory: Responsible for exciting their target neurons. Excitatory Neurons in the
brain are often glutamatergic.
Inhibitory: responsible for reducing the excitation such as while sleeping or they are
responsible for inhibiting their target neurons. These include neurotransmitters such
as dopamine, acetylcholine, Serotonin.
Dual: performing both Excitatory and Inhibitory Functions.
Acetylcholine
Secreted by the basal ganglia
Present in a humungous amount
Depends on the Secretory Vesicles. (Acetylcholine is released about 10,000 in
number when secretory vesicle is ruptured).
Acetylcholine is released by the Motor Cortex
It is dual in nature
It is transported by Vagus Nerve i.e., Largest Nerve.
Performs Bronchoconstriction in the Lungs.
Responsible for controlling overall stomach motility.
Dopamine (Inhibitory in Nature)
Produced by Basal ganglia
The critical brain region that is responsible for the production of dopamine is
Substantia Niagara.
It is responsible for controlling fine motor skills
It is responsible for the sensations of reward, pleasure, euphoria
Parkinson’s Disease
At a certain age after 70 years the Substantia Niagara decorates thus dopamine is
not produced, this is known as Parkinson’s Disease.
Neurotransmitters
Neurotransmitters are chemical messengers. They are produced in the Basal
Ganglia (basal ganglia is formed by 5 to 7 nuclei).
The main job of neurotransmitters is to carry the chemical signals from one neuron
cell to the next target cell i.e., nerve cell, muscle cell or gland.
Neurotransmitters are of 3 types in nature. They are excitatory, inhibitory and
dual.
Excitatory: Responsible for exciting their target neurons. Excitatory Neurons in the
brain are often glutamatergic.
Inhibitory: responsible for reducing the excitation such as while sleeping or they are
responsible for inhibiting their target neurons. These include neurotransmitters such
as dopamine, acetylcholine, Serotonin.
Dual: performing both Excitatory and Inhibitory Functions.
Acetylcholine
Secreted by the basal ganglia
Present in a humungous amount
Depends on the Secretory Vesicles. (Acetylcholine is released about 10,000 in
number when secretory vesicle is ruptured).
Acetylcholine is released by the Motor Cortex
It is dual in nature
It is transported by Vagus Nerve i.e., Largest Nerve.
Performs Bronchoconstriction in the Lungs.
Responsible for controlling overall stomach motility.
Dopamine (Inhibitory in Nature)
Produced by Basal ganglia
The critical brain region that is responsible for the production of dopamine is
Substantia Niagara.
It is responsible for controlling fine motor skills
It is responsible for the sensations of reward, pleasure, euphoria
Parkinson’s Disease
At a certain age after 70 years the Substantia Niagara decorates thus dopamine is
not produced, this is known as Parkinson’s Disease.
