CRITICAL CARE 2023 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ALREADY PASSED A+

What type of acid-base disturbance presents with a pH of 7.1, pCO2 of 50, and HCO3 of 30 - CORRECT ANS Respiratory acidosis What is the primary disturbance in respiratory acidosis? - CORRECT ANS High pCO2 What is the main cause of respiratory acidosis? - CORRECT ANS hypoventilation How does the body compensate in respiratory acidosis? - CORRECT ANS Increase renal reabsorption of bicarbonate What type of acid-base disturbance presents with a pH of 7.1, pCO2 28, and HCO3 of 18 - CORRECT ANS Metabolic acidosis What is the primary disturbance in metabolic acidosis? - CORRECT ANS decrease in serum bicarbonate How does the body compensate in metabolic acidosis? - CORRECT ANS decrease pCO2 Fill in the blanks: decrease pCO2: ___, increase pCO2: ____ - CORRECT ANS hypoventilation, hyperventilation What is the equation to calculate anion gap? - CORRECT ANS Na - (Cl + HCO3) Anion gap metabolic acidosis occurs when anion gap is _____ - CORRECT ANS anion gap 12 What acronym is used to help determine causes of anion gap metabolic acidosis? - CORRECT ANS MUDPILE What does the M in MUDPILE mean? - CORRECT ANS methanol what does the U in MUDPILE mean? - CORRECT ANS uremia What does the D in MUDPile mean? - CORRECT ANS Diabetic ketoacidosis What does the P in MUDPILE mean? - CORRECT ANS propylene glycol What does the I in MUDPILE mean? - CORRECT ANS isoniazid/ iron overdose what does the L in MUDPILE mean? - CORRECT ANS lactic acidosis What does the E in MUDPILE mean? - CORRECT ANS ethylene glycol What type of acid-base disturbance presents with a pH 7.48, pCO2 28, and HCO3 18? - CORRECT ANS respiratory alkalosis What is the primary disturbance in respiratory alkalosis? - CORRECT ANS Low pCO2 What is the main cause of respiratory alkalosis? - CORRECT ANS hyperventilation What type of acid-base disturbance presents with a pH of 7.48, pCO2 50, and HCO3 29? - CORRECT ANS metabolic alkalosis What is the primary disturbance in metabolic alkalosis? - CORRECT ANS increase in serum bicarbonate What is the main cause of metabolic alkalosis? - CORRECT ANS loss of gastric acid Compensation: altering the component ___ ;correction: altering the component _____ - CORRECT ANS not primarily affected; primarily affected Which of the following is an acid? pCO2, HCO3 - CORRECT ANS pCO2 Which of the following is a base? pCO2, HCO3 - CORRECT ANS HCO3 What is the body's normal reference range for arterial pH? - CORRECT ANS 7.35-7.45 Acidotic or Alkalotic: pH 7.30 - CORRECT ANS Acidotic Acidotic or alkalotic: pH 7.48 - CORRECT ANS Alkalotic What is the body's normal reference range for arterial pCO2? - CORRECT ANS 35-45 What is the body's normal reference range for arterial pO2? - CORRECT ANS 80-100 What is the body's normal reference range for arterial bicarbonate? - CORRECT ANS 22-26