MSN 570 UPDATED Q&A (A+ Graded
100% verified)
1.What is a MI? -{ANSWER}- Death of myocardium from sudden blockage of coronary artery blood flow
2. What causes cell death in MI? -{ANSWER}- unstable plaque breaks off, triggering platelet aggregation,
coagulation cascade and thrombus formation. continued no blood flow in 10 seconds ischemia, 20
minutes cell die
3. What consequence of cell death leads to Chest Pain? -{ANSWER}- hypoxia as cannot meet cell
demand for oxygen
4. How is MI diagnosed -{ANSWER}- EKG (STEMI) or elevated Troponin (non-STEMI)
5. What might you find in blood consistent with MI? -{ANSWER}- elevated CK MB, Troponin
6. Where does CK MB and Troponin come from? -{ANSWER}- Release of lysosomal enzymes; CK MB
detected after myocardial necrosis, Troponin released from damaged heart muscle
7. 3 mechanism of cell injury related to reperfussion injury -{ANSWER}- ischemia, necrosis, reperfussion
l/t RAS
8. define reperfussion injury -{ANSWER}- injury that occurs after oxygen is reintroduced to tissue
perfusion
9. how does inflammatory process contribute to reperfussion injury? -{ANSWER}- as oxygen is
reintroduced it comes in contact with damaged proteins triggering inflammatory response
10. how does oxidative process contribute to RI? -{ANSWER}- RAS causes impairment of cell membrane
and pro-apotptoic cells release. making cell unstable
, 11. what is primary Hypertension? -{ANSWER}- Essential or idiopathic, elevated BP without an
identified cause, accounts for 90 - 95% of all cases of hypertension?
12. what is secondary hypertension? -{ANSWER}- Elevated BP, labile BP; related to conditions ie kidney
dz; resistant to BP meds
13. what is significance of Ventricular hypertrophy and HTN? -{ANSWER}- persistent hypertension leads
to ventricular hypertrophy; decrease CO
14. what comorbidities/conditions does HTN cause? -{ANSWER}- stroke, ischemia, heart failure,
aneurysm, hemorrhage
15. what is preload? -{ANSWER}- volume of blood in ventricles at end of diastole
16. what is afterload? -{ANSWER}- peripheral resistance against which the left ventricle must pump
17. hoe does HTN l/t CHF? -{ANSWER}- overwork left ventricle due to increase pressure; decreased
pumping ability of heart and decreases CO.
18. identify pathological process of gangrene? -{ANSWER}- form of coagulative necrosis; interruption of
blood flow l/t denaturing cells enzymes and bacterial invasion
19. three types of gangrene -{ANSWER}- dry, wet & gas
20. what is the major treatment approach for gangrene? -{ANSWER}- removing affective tissue to
prevent infection; treating problem that led to gangrene
21. why use antibiotic for gangrene? -{ANSWER}- to slow bacterial damage
22. What are the two major necrotic processes? -{ANSWER}- Coagulative and liquifactive
100% verified)
1.What is a MI? -{ANSWER}- Death of myocardium from sudden blockage of coronary artery blood flow
2. What causes cell death in MI? -{ANSWER}- unstable plaque breaks off, triggering platelet aggregation,
coagulation cascade and thrombus formation. continued no blood flow in 10 seconds ischemia, 20
minutes cell die
3. What consequence of cell death leads to Chest Pain? -{ANSWER}- hypoxia as cannot meet cell
demand for oxygen
4. How is MI diagnosed -{ANSWER}- EKG (STEMI) or elevated Troponin (non-STEMI)
5. What might you find in blood consistent with MI? -{ANSWER}- elevated CK MB, Troponin
6. Where does CK MB and Troponin come from? -{ANSWER}- Release of lysosomal enzymes; CK MB
detected after myocardial necrosis, Troponin released from damaged heart muscle
7. 3 mechanism of cell injury related to reperfussion injury -{ANSWER}- ischemia, necrosis, reperfussion
l/t RAS
8. define reperfussion injury -{ANSWER}- injury that occurs after oxygen is reintroduced to tissue
perfusion
9. how does inflammatory process contribute to reperfussion injury? -{ANSWER}- as oxygen is
reintroduced it comes in contact with damaged proteins triggering inflammatory response
10. how does oxidative process contribute to RI? -{ANSWER}- RAS causes impairment of cell membrane
and pro-apotptoic cells release. making cell unstable
, 11. what is primary Hypertension? -{ANSWER}- Essential or idiopathic, elevated BP without an
identified cause, accounts for 90 - 95% of all cases of hypertension?
12. what is secondary hypertension? -{ANSWER}- Elevated BP, labile BP; related to conditions ie kidney
dz; resistant to BP meds
13. what is significance of Ventricular hypertrophy and HTN? -{ANSWER}- persistent hypertension leads
to ventricular hypertrophy; decrease CO
14. what comorbidities/conditions does HTN cause? -{ANSWER}- stroke, ischemia, heart failure,
aneurysm, hemorrhage
15. what is preload? -{ANSWER}- volume of blood in ventricles at end of diastole
16. what is afterload? -{ANSWER}- peripheral resistance against which the left ventricle must pump
17. hoe does HTN l/t CHF? -{ANSWER}- overwork left ventricle due to increase pressure; decreased
pumping ability of heart and decreases CO.
18. identify pathological process of gangrene? -{ANSWER}- form of coagulative necrosis; interruption of
blood flow l/t denaturing cells enzymes and bacterial invasion
19. three types of gangrene -{ANSWER}- dry, wet & gas
20. what is the major treatment approach for gangrene? -{ANSWER}- removing affective tissue to
prevent infection; treating problem that led to gangrene
21. why use antibiotic for gangrene? -{ANSWER}- to slow bacterial damage
22. What are the two major necrotic processes? -{ANSWER}- Coagulative and liquifactive
