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Class notes Biology (Bly101)

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, Outline for Week One and Two
1. Cellular Basis of Life
• Cell as the basic unit of life 3. Functions of cells and cell orga
• Brief history on the discovery of the cell • Cell Organelles and their functions
• Cell Theory
• Cell Properties (Diversity, Size, Shape and 4. The Microscope
Organization)
• Definition of a Microscope
• Similarities and Differences between
Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cell • History of Microscope
2. Plant and Animal cells • Types of Microscope
• Similarities between Plant and Animal • Parts of a Microscope and its functio
cells • Parts associated with Microscopes
• Differences between Plant and Animal • Precautions when handling a Micros
cells
• Structure of Plant and Animal cells

, 1. Cellular Basis of Life
Cell as the basic unit of life Later in 1838 a German botanist called Ma
Cells make up the smallest level of a living organism, they Schleiden concluded that all plants were m
are found in all plants, animals and bacteria and they while in 1839a German zoologist named T
carry out certain basic functions. Cells are therefore the Schwann concluded all animals were mad
basic structural and functional units of living organisms In 1858 Rudolf Virchow a German physicia
(life). extensive study of cellular pathology, concl
Cell Biology is the branch of biology that deals with the cells must arise from pre-existing cells by c
study of structure, function and history of a cell. The Cell Theory
study of the structure and function of cells continues 1. All living things are composed of one (un
today, in a branch of biology known as cytology more cells (multicellular)
Cell History: The cell was first discovered and named by 2. The cell is the basic unit of life
Robert Hooke in 1665 when he observed dead plant
tissue using a crude microscope, what he saw looked 3. New cells arise from pre-existing cells (th
like small boxes and he then called them ‘cells’. The first division)
man to witness a live cell under a microscope was Cell Diversity - Not all cells are alike, cell
Anton van Leeuwenhoek, he used a simple handheld same organism show diversity in size, sha
microscope to view pond water and scrapings from his internal organization as they are specializ
teeth. He observed living cells and called them perform different functions. The basic co
‘animalcules’.. the cell are common to all biological cell.

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