Instrumental Analysis ACS Exam Final
Exam 2022 with complete solution
What is linear range? Ans- Analyte concentration over the response that is proportional
to the concentration.
When analyzing an unknown where should the concentration of the unknown fall? Ans-
Somewhere within the linear range
What should you do if the unknown concentration is below the linear range? Ans-
perform pre-concentration
Examples of pre-concentration Ans- evaporating, anodic stripping voltammetry
What should you do if the concentration of the unknown is greater than the linear
range? Ans- dilute the concentration so that it falls closer to the linear range
What is the electromagnetic spectrum in order of increasing wavelength? Ans- gamma,
x-rays, UV, visible light, IR, microwave, radio
What is the electromagnetic spectrum in order of increasing frequency? Ans- radio,
microwave, IR, visible, UV, x-rays, gamma
In what region of the electromagnetic spectrum is the resonant frequency of electrons in
glass? Ans- ultraviolet
More about regions (answer IDK) Ans- IDK
How do you calculate the concentration of a sample given a point calibration? (answer
IDK) Ans- IDK
What are the common methods of atomization in atomic absorption? Ans- flame
atomization, electrothermal atomization, furnace atomization
What type of sample can be used for flame atomization? Ans- liquid
What type of sample can be used for electrothermal atomization Ans- solid and slurry
What type of sample can be used for furnace atomization? Ans- solid and slurry
What are the pros and cons of using electrothermal atomization and/or furnace
atomization compared to using flame atomization? Ans- Both offer a lower detection
, limit and can work with solid samples. However, both are slower due to heating-cooling
cycles and are less precise making them less producible.
Doppler effects Ans- an observed change in the frequency of a wave when the source
or observer is moving
What is the light source of atomic absorption? Ans- hallow cathode lamp
What results in greater Doppler effect in flame atomization? Ans- Temperature in flame
is greater than that in hallow cathode lamp which means that flames also have wider
spectral lines. This enables a greater doppler effect.
What is the difference between hollow cathode lamp and flame? Ans- Hollow cathode
lamp has narrower spectral lines than the spectral lines found in flames
Spectral lines Ans- The wavelengths where a specific element can absorb or emit light
Given the following information about the flame atomization below, name the fuel type
that should be used.
Oxidant *air*
Temperature, °C *1700-1900* Ans- natural gas
Given the following information about the flame atomization below, name the fuel type
that should be used.
Oxidant *oxygen*
Temperature, °C *2700-2800* Ans- natural gas
Given the following information about the flame atomization below, name the fuel type
that should be used.
Oxidant *air*
Temperature, °C *2000-2100* Ans- hydrogen
Given the following information about the flame atomization below, name the fuel type
that should be used.
Oxidant *oxygen*
Temperature, °C *2550-2700* Ans- hydrogen
Given the following information about the flame atomization below, name the fuel type
that should be used.
Oxidant *air*
Temperature, °C *2100-2400* Ans- acetylene
Exam 2022 with complete solution
What is linear range? Ans- Analyte concentration over the response that is proportional
to the concentration.
When analyzing an unknown where should the concentration of the unknown fall? Ans-
Somewhere within the linear range
What should you do if the unknown concentration is below the linear range? Ans-
perform pre-concentration
Examples of pre-concentration Ans- evaporating, anodic stripping voltammetry
What should you do if the concentration of the unknown is greater than the linear
range? Ans- dilute the concentration so that it falls closer to the linear range
What is the electromagnetic spectrum in order of increasing wavelength? Ans- gamma,
x-rays, UV, visible light, IR, microwave, radio
What is the electromagnetic spectrum in order of increasing frequency? Ans- radio,
microwave, IR, visible, UV, x-rays, gamma
In what region of the electromagnetic spectrum is the resonant frequency of electrons in
glass? Ans- ultraviolet
More about regions (answer IDK) Ans- IDK
How do you calculate the concentration of a sample given a point calibration? (answer
IDK) Ans- IDK
What are the common methods of atomization in atomic absorption? Ans- flame
atomization, electrothermal atomization, furnace atomization
What type of sample can be used for flame atomization? Ans- liquid
What type of sample can be used for electrothermal atomization Ans- solid and slurry
What type of sample can be used for furnace atomization? Ans- solid and slurry
What are the pros and cons of using electrothermal atomization and/or furnace
atomization compared to using flame atomization? Ans- Both offer a lower detection
, limit and can work with solid samples. However, both are slower due to heating-cooling
cycles and are less precise making them less producible.
Doppler effects Ans- an observed change in the frequency of a wave when the source
or observer is moving
What is the light source of atomic absorption? Ans- hallow cathode lamp
What results in greater Doppler effect in flame atomization? Ans- Temperature in flame
is greater than that in hallow cathode lamp which means that flames also have wider
spectral lines. This enables a greater doppler effect.
What is the difference between hollow cathode lamp and flame? Ans- Hollow cathode
lamp has narrower spectral lines than the spectral lines found in flames
Spectral lines Ans- The wavelengths where a specific element can absorb or emit light
Given the following information about the flame atomization below, name the fuel type
that should be used.
Oxidant *air*
Temperature, °C *1700-1900* Ans- natural gas
Given the following information about the flame atomization below, name the fuel type
that should be used.
Oxidant *oxygen*
Temperature, °C *2700-2800* Ans- natural gas
Given the following information about the flame atomization below, name the fuel type
that should be used.
Oxidant *air*
Temperature, °C *2000-2100* Ans- hydrogen
Given the following information about the flame atomization below, name the fuel type
that should be used.
Oxidant *oxygen*
Temperature, °C *2550-2700* Ans- hydrogen
Given the following information about the flame atomization below, name the fuel type
that should be used.
Oxidant *air*
Temperature, °C *2100-2400* Ans- acetylene
