SCRN 2023 Study Guide With
Complete Solution
Non-communicating hydrocephalus - ANSWER Obstructive - occlusion of csf flow
communicating hydrocephalus - ANSWER non obstructive, caused by inadequate
absorption of CSF when the ventricular pathways are not obstructed (blood/csf are unable
to pass through)
Where are the venous sinuses located? - ANSWER Subdural space
What type of bleed would most likely cause hydrocephalus? - ANSWER SAH
Where is the most common place for obstructive hydrocephalus to occur? - ANSWER
Aqueduct of Sylvius
At what rate is CSF produced? - ANSWER 0.3-0.4 ml/min
What does bloody csf indicate? - ANSWER SAH or traumatic tap
Xanthochromia (CSF) - ANSWER Rust/yellow CSF = RBC's breakdown - implies blood is
in CSF for several hours and not due to trauma (can indicate SAH)
Aphasia, eye deviation to the left, right arm weakness. What kind of stroke> - ANSWER L
MCA
,Circle of Willis - ANSWER connects the anterior & posterior circulation
Right leg weakness, abulia. What kind of stroke? - ANSWER L ACA
R occipital stroke, what type of field deficit? - ANSWER Left side homonymous
hemianopsia
Where does the ACA supply blood flow to? - ANSWER Frontal and parietal lobes
Where does the MCA supply blood to? - ANSWER Frontal, parietal, and temporal lobes
Where does the PCA supply blood to? - ANSWER Occipital lobe, midbrain
Weber's syndrome - ANSWER third nerve palsy (droopy eye) - seen with PCA strokes
Parinaud syndrome - ANSWER Downward gaze, nystagmus - seen with PCA strokes
Pontine syndrome - ANSWER Vertigo, n/v, balance issues
Wallenberg syndrome - ANSWER Loss of temperature/pain sensation in face, dysphagia,
dysarthria
Anterior inferior cerebellar artery - ANSWER supplies cerebellum (pontine syndrome)
, Posterior inferior cerebellar artery - ANSWER supplies cerebellum/medulla (wallenberg
syndrome)
Basilar artery - ANSWER An artery, formed by the fusion of the vertebral arteries, that
supplies blood to the brainstem and to the posterior cerebral arteries.
Locked-in syndrome - ANSWER Condition in which a patient is aware and awake but
cannot move or communicate verbally because of complete paralysis of nearly all
voluntary muscles except the eyes (pons)
Lacunar stroke - ANSWER D/t chronic hypertension
Watershed stroke - ANSWER D/t hypoxia/hypotension, occurs between major arteries
Central venous thrombosis - ANSWER Thrombus in the sinuses; occurs in hyper
coagulable state
Which hemisphere is dominant for language? - ANSWER Left
frontal lobe - ANSWER Motor, memory, judgement, emotions
Broca's aphasia - ANSWER Language production (expressive aphasia)
Wernicke's aphasia - ANSWER Language comprehension (receptive aphasia)
Parietal lobe - ANSWER Sensation, smell, taste, touch, some speech
Complete Solution
Non-communicating hydrocephalus - ANSWER Obstructive - occlusion of csf flow
communicating hydrocephalus - ANSWER non obstructive, caused by inadequate
absorption of CSF when the ventricular pathways are not obstructed (blood/csf are unable
to pass through)
Where are the venous sinuses located? - ANSWER Subdural space
What type of bleed would most likely cause hydrocephalus? - ANSWER SAH
Where is the most common place for obstructive hydrocephalus to occur? - ANSWER
Aqueduct of Sylvius
At what rate is CSF produced? - ANSWER 0.3-0.4 ml/min
What does bloody csf indicate? - ANSWER SAH or traumatic tap
Xanthochromia (CSF) - ANSWER Rust/yellow CSF = RBC's breakdown - implies blood is
in CSF for several hours and not due to trauma (can indicate SAH)
Aphasia, eye deviation to the left, right arm weakness. What kind of stroke> - ANSWER L
MCA
,Circle of Willis - ANSWER connects the anterior & posterior circulation
Right leg weakness, abulia. What kind of stroke? - ANSWER L ACA
R occipital stroke, what type of field deficit? - ANSWER Left side homonymous
hemianopsia
Where does the ACA supply blood flow to? - ANSWER Frontal and parietal lobes
Where does the MCA supply blood to? - ANSWER Frontal, parietal, and temporal lobes
Where does the PCA supply blood to? - ANSWER Occipital lobe, midbrain
Weber's syndrome - ANSWER third nerve palsy (droopy eye) - seen with PCA strokes
Parinaud syndrome - ANSWER Downward gaze, nystagmus - seen with PCA strokes
Pontine syndrome - ANSWER Vertigo, n/v, balance issues
Wallenberg syndrome - ANSWER Loss of temperature/pain sensation in face, dysphagia,
dysarthria
Anterior inferior cerebellar artery - ANSWER supplies cerebellum (pontine syndrome)
, Posterior inferior cerebellar artery - ANSWER supplies cerebellum/medulla (wallenberg
syndrome)
Basilar artery - ANSWER An artery, formed by the fusion of the vertebral arteries, that
supplies blood to the brainstem and to the posterior cerebral arteries.
Locked-in syndrome - ANSWER Condition in which a patient is aware and awake but
cannot move or communicate verbally because of complete paralysis of nearly all
voluntary muscles except the eyes (pons)
Lacunar stroke - ANSWER D/t chronic hypertension
Watershed stroke - ANSWER D/t hypoxia/hypotension, occurs between major arteries
Central venous thrombosis - ANSWER Thrombus in the sinuses; occurs in hyper
coagulable state
Which hemisphere is dominant for language? - ANSWER Left
frontal lobe - ANSWER Motor, memory, judgement, emotions
Broca's aphasia - ANSWER Language production (expressive aphasia)
Wernicke's aphasia - ANSWER Language comprehension (receptive aphasia)
Parietal lobe - ANSWER Sensation, smell, taste, touch, some speech
