PCT test Davita (Study Guide) complete A+ guide,
updated fall 2021/2022.
what is REM and what is used to submit? - Ans-Risk Event Management and unsafe condition, near miss,
and an adverse event
Sterile means - Ans-free of all living microorganisms and spores
clean means - Ans-not sterile, but disinfected such as a clean dialysis chair
contaminated means - Ans-that a sterile or clean item has come in contact with non-sterile object
dirty means - Ans-neither sterile or clean, but visibly contaminated
Alcohol-bases hand rubs must contain - Ans-60-95% ethyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, or a combination of
both
How long should you wash your hands for? - Ans-20 seconds
PPE includes what? - Ans-gloves, gowns, masks, protective eye gear
environmental surfaces are cleaned with appropriate disinfectant such as a bleach solution - Ans-1:100
one part bleach and 99 part water
for visible blood or gross blood spills, a ______ bleach solution must be utilized - Ans-1:10 1 part bleach
and 9 parts water
when preparing patient assignments, teammates who care for confirmed or suspected hep B surface
antigen (HBsAg) positive patient(s) will only be assigned to simultaneously care for surface - Ans-
antibody positive (immune) patients
,Although dialysis is a complex procedure, it is based on simple principles - Ans-use of a semipermeable
membrane, diffusion, ultrafiltration, convection, and osmosis
what are the 3 treatment goals to achieve in dialysis? - Ans-1. Remove waste from the blood
2.remove excess water from the blood
3. balance blood electrolytes
semipermeable membrane - Ans-thin sheet of natural or synthetic material that allows some small
particles to pass through, while blocking other, larger ones.
what is a dialyzer and the 2 compartments - Ans-artificial kidney and blood site and dialysate site
what happens if the blood site and dialysate site mix? - Ans-= blood leak
what is dialysate (3 things)? - Ans-RO water, acid bath, and bicarbonate
what is an extracorporeal circuit? - Ans-bloodline, saline, and dialyzer=set up
What is diffusion? - Ans-movement of dissolved particles across a semipermeable membrane from the
side with the higher concentration to the side with the lower concentratio n.
What is ultrafiltration? - Ans-removes water from the blood by pushing it across the semipermeable
membrane
What is convection? - Ans-or solute drag is when solutes move with the water across the semipermeable
membrane.
What is osmosis? - Ans-is the movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from the side with
the lower solute concentration to the side with the higher solute concentration
,After a chemical disinfection with bleach, how do you verify that the machine is free of residual bleach
before you start setting up? - Ans-check the fluid from the drain hose with residual chlorine test strip
What is an acceptable test result when verifying the absence of residual bleach? - Ans-less than or equal
to 0.5ppm
What is strikethrough? - Ans-Saline rises in transducer allows for inaccurate readings. The back of
transducer is checked for wet. If wet can contaminate machine. Pull for bio med.
what is the only fluid we use to prime the blood lines and dialyze? - Ans-sodium chloride 0.9% (normal
saline)
what is proportioned dialysate? - Ans-even amounts of RO water, acid bath and bicarbonate
The manual conductivity must match the dialysis delivery system displayed conductivity_________ -
Ans-+/- 0.4 mS of the theoretical conductivity (TCD) for Fresenius delivery systems
The maximum recirculation time after a machine has been set up prior to treatment
initiation cannot exceed _____ hours. - Ans-2 hours
What is the rationale for limiting recirculation time? - Ans-bacterial proliferation in the extracorporeal
circuit may occur
Some blood lines are equipped with external transducer protectors. What is the correct procedure to be
followed once strikethrough of an external transducer protector has occurred? - Ans-upon completion
of treatment, the delivery system is to be removed from service and labeled with date, time, description
of problem and name the teammate reporting the problem. the internal transducer protector will be
changed by boomed tech. and delivery system will be disinfected prior to return use
The acceptable range for proportioned dialysate pH is ____________ - Ans-6.9-7.6
, When are dialysate conductivity and pH testing required to be performed? - Ans-prior to initiating a
treatment and whenever dialysate concentrate(s) (acid or bicarb) are changed or replaced during the
course of the treatment
If bleach and peracetic acid are mixed, a chemical reaction occurs, producing - Ans-toxic chlorine gas
What are the two requirements that must be met prior to initiating system disinfection? - Ans-the
treatment area must be patient free and no other processes are using the dialysis quality water
What must be done to indicate the presence of disinfectant in the machines during system disinfection?
- Ans-notification of the type of disinfection is prominently displaced on each delivery system
How do we verify the absence of chemical disinfectant following system disinfection on the first
treatment day following the disinfection? - Ans-facility teammates perform an independent chemical
residual test prior to beginning the daily activities
What is an acceptable test result when testing for the absence of peracetic acid? - Ans-a level or less
than or equal to 1 ppm
Dialysate with a conductivity that is too low causes.... - Ans-hemolysis, the bursting of RBCs. The color of
hemolyzed blood is cranberry red.
Dialysate with a conductivity that is too high causes... - Ans-crenation, a shriveling up of RBCs. The color
of the blood will be dark.
The transport mechanism of osmosis is responsible for.... - Ans-hemolysis and crenation as water leaves
or enters RBCs.
If the dialysate temperature becomes too hot... - Ans-it can hemolyze RBCs.
A dialysate temperature too cold - Ans-s not life threatening but can chill the patient and cause
hypothermic symptoms and may decrease diffusion
updated fall 2021/2022.
what is REM and what is used to submit? - Ans-Risk Event Management and unsafe condition, near miss,
and an adverse event
Sterile means - Ans-free of all living microorganisms and spores
clean means - Ans-not sterile, but disinfected such as a clean dialysis chair
contaminated means - Ans-that a sterile or clean item has come in contact with non-sterile object
dirty means - Ans-neither sterile or clean, but visibly contaminated
Alcohol-bases hand rubs must contain - Ans-60-95% ethyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, or a combination of
both
How long should you wash your hands for? - Ans-20 seconds
PPE includes what? - Ans-gloves, gowns, masks, protective eye gear
environmental surfaces are cleaned with appropriate disinfectant such as a bleach solution - Ans-1:100
one part bleach and 99 part water
for visible blood or gross blood spills, a ______ bleach solution must be utilized - Ans-1:10 1 part bleach
and 9 parts water
when preparing patient assignments, teammates who care for confirmed or suspected hep B surface
antigen (HBsAg) positive patient(s) will only be assigned to simultaneously care for surface - Ans-
antibody positive (immune) patients
,Although dialysis is a complex procedure, it is based on simple principles - Ans-use of a semipermeable
membrane, diffusion, ultrafiltration, convection, and osmosis
what are the 3 treatment goals to achieve in dialysis? - Ans-1. Remove waste from the blood
2.remove excess water from the blood
3. balance blood electrolytes
semipermeable membrane - Ans-thin sheet of natural or synthetic material that allows some small
particles to pass through, while blocking other, larger ones.
what is a dialyzer and the 2 compartments - Ans-artificial kidney and blood site and dialysate site
what happens if the blood site and dialysate site mix? - Ans-= blood leak
what is dialysate (3 things)? - Ans-RO water, acid bath, and bicarbonate
what is an extracorporeal circuit? - Ans-bloodline, saline, and dialyzer=set up
What is diffusion? - Ans-movement of dissolved particles across a semipermeable membrane from the
side with the higher concentration to the side with the lower concentratio n.
What is ultrafiltration? - Ans-removes water from the blood by pushing it across the semipermeable
membrane
What is convection? - Ans-or solute drag is when solutes move with the water across the semipermeable
membrane.
What is osmosis? - Ans-is the movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from the side with
the lower solute concentration to the side with the higher solute concentration
,After a chemical disinfection with bleach, how do you verify that the machine is free of residual bleach
before you start setting up? - Ans-check the fluid from the drain hose with residual chlorine test strip
What is an acceptable test result when verifying the absence of residual bleach? - Ans-less than or equal
to 0.5ppm
What is strikethrough? - Ans-Saline rises in transducer allows for inaccurate readings. The back of
transducer is checked for wet. If wet can contaminate machine. Pull for bio med.
what is the only fluid we use to prime the blood lines and dialyze? - Ans-sodium chloride 0.9% (normal
saline)
what is proportioned dialysate? - Ans-even amounts of RO water, acid bath and bicarbonate
The manual conductivity must match the dialysis delivery system displayed conductivity_________ -
Ans-+/- 0.4 mS of the theoretical conductivity (TCD) for Fresenius delivery systems
The maximum recirculation time after a machine has been set up prior to treatment
initiation cannot exceed _____ hours. - Ans-2 hours
What is the rationale for limiting recirculation time? - Ans-bacterial proliferation in the extracorporeal
circuit may occur
Some blood lines are equipped with external transducer protectors. What is the correct procedure to be
followed once strikethrough of an external transducer protector has occurred? - Ans-upon completion
of treatment, the delivery system is to be removed from service and labeled with date, time, description
of problem and name the teammate reporting the problem. the internal transducer protector will be
changed by boomed tech. and delivery system will be disinfected prior to return use
The acceptable range for proportioned dialysate pH is ____________ - Ans-6.9-7.6
, When are dialysate conductivity and pH testing required to be performed? - Ans-prior to initiating a
treatment and whenever dialysate concentrate(s) (acid or bicarb) are changed or replaced during the
course of the treatment
If bleach and peracetic acid are mixed, a chemical reaction occurs, producing - Ans-toxic chlorine gas
What are the two requirements that must be met prior to initiating system disinfection? - Ans-the
treatment area must be patient free and no other processes are using the dialysis quality water
What must be done to indicate the presence of disinfectant in the machines during system disinfection?
- Ans-notification of the type of disinfection is prominently displaced on each delivery system
How do we verify the absence of chemical disinfectant following system disinfection on the first
treatment day following the disinfection? - Ans-facility teammates perform an independent chemical
residual test prior to beginning the daily activities
What is an acceptable test result when testing for the absence of peracetic acid? - Ans-a level or less
than or equal to 1 ppm
Dialysate with a conductivity that is too low causes.... - Ans-hemolysis, the bursting of RBCs. The color of
hemolyzed blood is cranberry red.
Dialysate with a conductivity that is too high causes... - Ans-crenation, a shriveling up of RBCs. The color
of the blood will be dark.
The transport mechanism of osmosis is responsible for.... - Ans-hemolysis and crenation as water leaves
or enters RBCs.
If the dialysate temperature becomes too hot... - Ans-it can hemolyze RBCs.
A dialysate temperature too cold - Ans-s not life threatening but can chill the patient and cause
hypothermic symptoms and may decrease diffusion
