EFMB Field San Exam Solution Guide 2021/2022

EFMB Field San Exam Solution Guide 2021/2022, explained What is a disease and nonbattle injury (DNBI)? - Is defined as a Soldier who is lost to an organization by reason of disease or injury and who is not a battle casualty Historical linked to 80% of hospitalization from the EO How do unit field sanitation teams (FST) assist commanders in maintaining health and well-being of Soldiers? - 1-Performing arthropod and rodent management control measures within the unit area 2-Supervising the disinfection of unit bulk water supplies and monitoring residual chlorine levels. 3-Teaching Soldiers *Individual water purification techniques. *The dangers of consuming food and drinks from unapproved sources 4-Inspecting unit-level food service personnel, feeding facilities, and food service equipment 5-Supervising a. Placement, construction, and maintenance of unit-level garbage disposal facilities and soakage pits. b. Placement, construction, and maintenance of field latrines and urinals and then conducting regular sanitation inspections. 6-Providing a. Training, guidance, and inspections of personnel hygiene practices to establish and maintain high levels of personal hygiene. b. Information and assistance relating to individual preventive medicine measures to include use of the DOD Insect Repellent System. 7-Assisting in the selection of unit field sites and reporting the presence and location of suspected toxic industrial materials as necessary 8. Identifying and posting noise hazards in the unit area. Providing the unit commander a list of potential hazards within the unit area. 9. Reporting findings of inspections to the unit commander What is a FST dependent on support from brigade level and higher preventive medicine personnel? - -Field sanitation team certification training. - Field screening and presumptive analysis of water supplies. -Basic pest management and surveillance. -Limited application of pesticides. -Limited medical surveillance. What does an Unit FST consist of and where are they assigned? - -Composition- consist of one noncommissioned officer and one enlisted Soldier -Assignments- unit FSTs are established within company-, battery-, and similar-sized unit What are the eight health threats to Soldiers in the field? - 1. Endemic diseases. 2. Food and waterborne diseases. 3. Hazardous plants and animals. 4. Entomological hazards (nuisance pests and disease-carrying vectors). 5. Toxic industrial materials (industrial and agricultural). 6. Deployment-related stress. 7. Hazardous noise. 8. Climatic or environmental extremes (heat, cold, wind-blown sand, or other particulates) What are preventive medicine measures and their principles? - Definition- Preventive medicine measures are simple, common sense actions that every Soldier can perform by adhering to field hygiene and sanitation practices to significantly reduces the spread of disease and reduces or eliminates the incidence of DNBIs Principles- *Soldiers perform individual techniques of preventive medicine measures. *Field sanitation teams train Soldiers in preventive medicine measures and advise the commander and unit leaders on implementation of unit-level preventive medicine measures. *Chain of command plans for and enforces preventive medicine measures. What are protective measures that fall under an individual Soldier's responsibility? - Protect self against -Heat injury in hot and sunny climates by following work/rest and water consumption guidelines, by properly adhering to uniform wear policies, and by using sunscreen on exposed body parts. - Cold injury in cold climates by wearing proper cold-weather clothing and frequently changing socks to keep feet dry, by careful handling of gasoline-type liquids, and by avoiding contact between skin and cold metal. -Mosquito, fly, tick, and other arthropod-borne diseases by using insect repellents, netting, and insecticide aerosols; by taking approved chemoprophylaxis; and by wearing the uniform properly. -Enteric diseases by using water purification tablets whenever water quality is uncertain and by avoiding foods prepared by unapproved food vendors, and by properly disposing of bodily wastes. -Skin diseases by washing the body as often as practicable. How can you avoid contracting water and foodborne disease? - - Only eat and drink food and water from United States-approved sources. -Do not buy foods, drinks, or ice from civilian vendors unless approved by veterinary personnel. -Wash hands using soap and potable water as follows: -After using the latrine. -Before touching eating utensils or food. -After eating. -After handling any item that can potentially transfer germs. -Frequently during the work day to keep hands free of germs. What are considerations to take when packing personal hygiene supplies? When is handwashing and sanitizing most effective? - Soldiers should consider packing a two -month's supply of standard toiletry articles that can last until sustainment of these items is assured. When is handwashing and sanitizing most effective? - -Before eating or snacking. -After eating or snacking. -Before handling and or preparing food. -After using the latrine. -After handling anything that could potentially transfer germs. -Frequently during the work day to keep your hands free of germs. -After coming into contact with any local flora or fauna. -After physical contact with local nationals Note. Maintain cultural awareness to ensure that no insult is conveyed when this is done. How do you use the DoD Insect Repellent System. What are the three components? - a. Use: Insect repellent, such as DEET, must be applied and reapplied to exposed skin based on the instructions on the product label. b. Components -Permethrin on uniforms and bed nets. -A 33% N, N-diethyl-meta-toluamide (DEET) insect repellent applied to exposed skin. -Proper wearing of the uniform. system consists of three components Note. Current issue Army Combat Uniforms and pop-up bed nets are factory treated with the insect repellent permethrin. How can you avoid potential heat injury? - To avoid potential heat injury -Soldiers must become acclimatized. Significant heat acclimatization requires at least three to five days and full acclimatization can take up to two weeks. - Use sunscreen on all exposed body parts. - Drink plenty of water, depending on the heat and activity level, Soldiers may need to drink from ½ to 1½ quarts of water per hour. Three gallons or 12-quarts per day in hot, dry climates. Drinking water is a must in order to prevent heat Illness. - Use work/rest cycles, as leaders direct. A rest period helps prevent dangerous increases in body temperatures by minimizing heat production. - Eat all meals to replace salts; eating all meals in the field will usually provide the body's requirements for salts. Field rations are designed to meet the daily requirements for minerals and electrolytes (sodium). -Modify the uniform, when directed/authorized by the commander to reduce heat stress and to protect against ultraviolet radiation. How can you avoid potential cold injury? - To avoid potential cold injury —Wear clothing as directed by commanders and leaders. -Wear clothing in loose layers (top and bottom). Avoid tight clothing, including tight underwear. -Keep clothing clean and