NCLEX-RN V12.35 National Council Licensure Examination(NCLEX-RN) 2022/2023

NO.6 The pediatrician has diagnosed tinea capitis in an 8- year-old girl and has placed her on oralgriseofulvin. The nurse should emphasize which of these instructions to the mother and/or child?A. Administer oral griseofulvin on an empty stomach for best results.B. Discontinue drug therapy if food tastes funny.C. May discontinue medication when the child experiences symptomatic relief.D. Observe for headaches, dizziness, and anorexia.Answer: DExplanation:(A) Giving the drug with or after meals may allay gastrointestinal discomfort. Giving the drug with afatty meal (ice cream or milk) increases absorption rate. (B) Griseofulvin may alter taste sensationsIT Certification Guaranteed, The Easy Way!3 and thereby decrease the appetite. Monitoring of food intake is important, and inadequate nutrientintake should be reported to the physician. (C) The child may experience symptomatic relief after 48-96 hours of therapy. It is important to stress continuing the drug therapy to prevent relapse (usuallyabout 6 weeks). (D) The incidence of side effects is low; however, headaches are common. Nausea,vomiting, diarrhea, and anorexia may occur. Dizziness, although uncommon, should be reported tothe physician.NO.7 A client with cirrhosis of the liver becomes comatose and is started on neomycin 300 mg q6hvia nasogastric tube. The rationale for this therapy is to:A. Prevent systemic infectionB. Promote diuresisC. Decrease ammonia formationD. Acidify the small bowelAnswer: CExplanation:(A) Neomycin is an antibiotic, but this is not the Rationale for administering it to a client in hepaticcoma. (B) Diuretics and salt-free albumin are used to promote diuresis in clients with cirrhosis of theliver. (C) Neomycin destroys the bacteria in the intestines. It is the bacteria in the bowel that breakdown protein into ammonia. (D) Lactulose is administered to create an acid environment in thebowel. Ammonia leaves the blood and migrates to this acidic environment where it is trapped andexcreted