M2L2 Gizmo Lab: Earthquake Recording Stations Honors

M2L2: Gizmo Lab: Earthquake - Recording Stations - Honors Name: Mia Anguiano Date: Vocabulary: body wave, earthquake, epicenter, fault, focus, P-wave, S-wave, seismic wave, seismogram, seismograph Prior Knowledge Questions (Do these BEFORE using the Gizmo.) Have you ever experienced an earthquake? yes If so, what did it feel like? Everything shaking and kind of bouncing Earthquakes are usually caused by the sudden movement of rocks along a fault, or fracture, in Earth’s crust. The most famous fault in the U.S. is the San Andreas Fault in California. What major cities are located near the San Andreas Fault? Los Angeles, San Francisco, fault Gizmo Warm-up The Earthquakes 1 – Recording Station Gizmo™ simulates the seismic waves released by an earthquake. To begin, look at the key on the bottom left side of the Gizmo. The epicenter of the earthquake is the point on Earth’s surface closest to the focus, or origin, of the earthquake. What symbol represents the epicenter? It looks like a compass What symbol represents the recording station? A little triangle Click Play ( ) and observe the seismic waves leaving the epicenter of the earthquake. What types of seismic waves are released? P waves Look at the Recording station detector on the upper left side of the Gizmo. What happens when the seismic waves hit the recording station? Squiggly lines appear Page 1 of 5 Revised by NVLA: 10/11/2017This study source was downloaded by from CourseH on :09:54 GMT -05:00 This study resource was shared via CourseH M2L2: Gizmo Lab: Earthquake - Recording Stations - Honors Page 2 of 5 Revised by NVLA: 10/11/2017This study source was downloaded by from CourseH on :09:54 GMT -05:00 This study resource was shared via CourseH M2L2: Gizmo Lab: Earthquake - Recording Stations - Honors Activity A: Reading a seismogram Get the Gizmo ready: ● Click Reset ( ). ● Check that the Distance from the station to the center of earthquake is 860 km. Introduction: An earthquake releases an enormous amount of energy, which passes through Earth’s interior in the form of body waves. There are two types of body waves: P-waves (primary waves) and S-waves (secondary waves). Scientists study earthquakes with the aid of an instrument called a seismograph. When seismic waves reach the seismograph, a graphical record, or seismogram, is produced. Question: How are P- and S-waves shown on a seismogram? Observe: Click Play, and then click Pause ( ) after the purple P-wave hits the station. Look at the upper right corner of the seismogram. At what time did the P-wave hit? 156s What is shown on the seismogram at this time? blue line that bounces Observe: Click Play, and then click Pause after the green S-wave hits the station. At what time did the S-wave hit? 260s What is shown on the seismogram at this time? a big vertical jump Describe: Click Play and wait for the vibrations to stop. Suppose you were at the recording station when the earthquake hit. Based on the pattern of waves on the seismogram, what did you experience during the earthquake? I experienced a small initial shock with a large shake Explore: Click Reset, and drag the recording station closer to the epicenter. Click Play. How does this seismogram differ from the one you first investigated? The earthquakes impact was much stronger than the last one What would this earthquake feel like? I would feel like a very violent shaking and stronger