NR 293 Final Exam With Complete
Solution
bacteriostatic - Answer drugs that do not kill the bacteria, but slows their growth
culture and sensitivity - Answer take a blood culture so we can determine where the
bacteria is growing; sensitivity report determines the best treatment
antibiotic combos - Answer Additive
potentiative
antagonisitic
empiric therapy - Answer treatment of an infection before specific culture information
has been obtained
definitive therapy - Answer antibiotic therapy tailored to treat organisms identified with
cultures
prophylactic therapy - Answer treatment with antibiotics to prevent an infection, as in
intraabdominal surgery or after trauma
MOA of sulfonamides - Answer Bacteriostatic
inhibit bacterial growth
prevent bacterial synthesis of folic acid
uses of sulfonamides - Answer Gramp positive and negative, broad spectrum
respiratory tract infections
infections of the small bowel
UTIs: enterobacter, ecoli, klebsiella, proteus vulgaris, staphylococcus aureus
contraindications of sulfonamides - Answer drug allergy
pregnant women
infants younger than 2 months
potassium
oral contraceptives (ineffective)
Adverse effects of sulfonamides - Answer mild to moderate rash
photosensitivity
GI distress
stomatitis
,crystalluria
fatigue
depression
headache
dizziness
blood dyscrasias
Steven Johnsons syndrome
renal failure
hyperkalemia
prototype for sulfonamides, and administration - Answer sulfamethoxazole combined
with trimethropim
Administered IV, PO, Topical
patient education/ nursing interventions for sulfonamides - Answer Pt. Education:
take with a full glass of water
increase fluid intake
report sore throat, bruising, bleeding
avoid direct sunlight
Nursing interventions:
push fluids
Monitor CBC
signs of bleeding (liver damage)
check for superinfection
beta lactam penicilins MOA - Answer safest class
bacteriocidal
inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis
uses of penicillins - Answer strep
staph
pneumonia
meningitis
skin, bone, and joint infections
stomach infections
blood and valve infections
gas gangrene
tetanus
anthrax
sickle cell anemia in infants
broad spectrum penicillin - Answer bacteriocidal
ecoli
salmonella
influenza
,adverse effects of penicillin - Answer allergy most common
rash
pruritus
fever
anaphylaxis
lowered WBC, RBC, platelet count
GI upset
patient education for penicillins - Answer side effects
bleeding
increase fluid intake
take with food
drugs for penicillin - Answer broad spectrum:
amoxicillin
combination:
piperacillin plus tazobactam (zosyn)
give 3 times a day infused over 4 hours or every 6 hours infused over 1 hour
cephalosporins MOA - Answer largest class
interfere with bacterial cell wall synthesis, bind to the same penicillin binding proteins
uses of cephalosporins - Answer treatment of gram positive and negative anaerobic
bacteria
mostly gram negative
patients who cannot tolerate the less expensive penicillins
respiratory infections
urinary infections
skin infections
bone and joint infections
genital infections
contraindications of cephalosporins - Answer may cause cross allergy potential with
penicillin
adverse effects of cephalosporins - Answer weakness
pruritus
GI distress
high doses can cause
bleeding
seizures
nephrotoxicity
, patient education of cephalosporins - Answer side effects
administration
monitor kidney function with 1st generation
drugs for cephalosporins - Answer first generation
Cefazolin (ancef)
not effective for beta lactase
gram positive bacteria
may cause kidney toxicity
macrolides MOA - Answer broad spectrum
inhibit protein synthesis
binds reversibly to 50S ribosomal subunits of microbes
uses of macrolides - Answer whooping cough
legionnaires disease
Hpylori
streptococcus
influenza
mycoplasma pneumonia
generic use:
respiratory
GI tract
skin
soft tissue
adverse effects of macrolides - Answer tinnitus
ototoxicity
mild GI distress
diarrhea
abdominal pain
superinfectionm
hepatotoxicity
patient education/ nursing interventions - Answer Patient education:
finish full regimen
monitor hepatic function
food-drug interactions (fruit juices)
take on empty stomach
Nursing interventions:
monitor hepatic function
bleeding, bruising, dark tea looking urine, jaundice
drugs for macrolides - Answer we do not need peak or troughs for
Solution
bacteriostatic - Answer drugs that do not kill the bacteria, but slows their growth
culture and sensitivity - Answer take a blood culture so we can determine where the
bacteria is growing; sensitivity report determines the best treatment
antibiotic combos - Answer Additive
potentiative
antagonisitic
empiric therapy - Answer treatment of an infection before specific culture information
has been obtained
definitive therapy - Answer antibiotic therapy tailored to treat organisms identified with
cultures
prophylactic therapy - Answer treatment with antibiotics to prevent an infection, as in
intraabdominal surgery or after trauma
MOA of sulfonamides - Answer Bacteriostatic
inhibit bacterial growth
prevent bacterial synthesis of folic acid
uses of sulfonamides - Answer Gramp positive and negative, broad spectrum
respiratory tract infections
infections of the small bowel
UTIs: enterobacter, ecoli, klebsiella, proteus vulgaris, staphylococcus aureus
contraindications of sulfonamides - Answer drug allergy
pregnant women
infants younger than 2 months
potassium
oral contraceptives (ineffective)
Adverse effects of sulfonamides - Answer mild to moderate rash
photosensitivity
GI distress
stomatitis
,crystalluria
fatigue
depression
headache
dizziness
blood dyscrasias
Steven Johnsons syndrome
renal failure
hyperkalemia
prototype for sulfonamides, and administration - Answer sulfamethoxazole combined
with trimethropim
Administered IV, PO, Topical
patient education/ nursing interventions for sulfonamides - Answer Pt. Education:
take with a full glass of water
increase fluid intake
report sore throat, bruising, bleeding
avoid direct sunlight
Nursing interventions:
push fluids
Monitor CBC
signs of bleeding (liver damage)
check for superinfection
beta lactam penicilins MOA - Answer safest class
bacteriocidal
inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis
uses of penicillins - Answer strep
staph
pneumonia
meningitis
skin, bone, and joint infections
stomach infections
blood and valve infections
gas gangrene
tetanus
anthrax
sickle cell anemia in infants
broad spectrum penicillin - Answer bacteriocidal
ecoli
salmonella
influenza
,adverse effects of penicillin - Answer allergy most common
rash
pruritus
fever
anaphylaxis
lowered WBC, RBC, platelet count
GI upset
patient education for penicillins - Answer side effects
bleeding
increase fluid intake
take with food
drugs for penicillin - Answer broad spectrum:
amoxicillin
combination:
piperacillin plus tazobactam (zosyn)
give 3 times a day infused over 4 hours or every 6 hours infused over 1 hour
cephalosporins MOA - Answer largest class
interfere with bacterial cell wall synthesis, bind to the same penicillin binding proteins
uses of cephalosporins - Answer treatment of gram positive and negative anaerobic
bacteria
mostly gram negative
patients who cannot tolerate the less expensive penicillins
respiratory infections
urinary infections
skin infections
bone and joint infections
genital infections
contraindications of cephalosporins - Answer may cause cross allergy potential with
penicillin
adverse effects of cephalosporins - Answer weakness
pruritus
GI distress
high doses can cause
bleeding
seizures
nephrotoxicity
, patient education of cephalosporins - Answer side effects
administration
monitor kidney function with 1st generation
drugs for cephalosporins - Answer first generation
Cefazolin (ancef)
not effective for beta lactase
gram positive bacteria
may cause kidney toxicity
macrolides MOA - Answer broad spectrum
inhibit protein synthesis
binds reversibly to 50S ribosomal subunits of microbes
uses of macrolides - Answer whooping cough
legionnaires disease
Hpylori
streptococcus
influenza
mycoplasma pneumonia
generic use:
respiratory
GI tract
skin
soft tissue
adverse effects of macrolides - Answer tinnitus
ototoxicity
mild GI distress
diarrhea
abdominal pain
superinfectionm
hepatotoxicity
patient education/ nursing interventions - Answer Patient education:
finish full regimen
monitor hepatic function
food-drug interactions (fruit juices)
take on empty stomach
Nursing interventions:
monitor hepatic function
bleeding, bruising, dark tea looking urine, jaundice
drugs for macrolides - Answer we do not need peak or troughs for
