PSYCH 280 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS 2023
A+ SUCCESS ASSUARED
What is psychopathology?
a. Study of nature, development, and treatment of psychological disorders/aberrant
psychological processes
What are some challenges to the study of psychopathology?
a. Categorical vs. dimensional
b. Maintain objectivity
c. Avoid preconceived notions
d. Reduce stigma
What does DSM stand for?
a. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders
How does the DSM-5 define a mental disorder?
a. Disorder occurs within the individual
What is stigma?
a. Distinguishing label is applied
• “crazy”
What is Wakefield’s theory of Harmful Dysfunction?
a. Failure of internal mechanisms in the mind to function properly
b. Behavioral, psychological and/or biological systems are impaired
Who is Freud?
a. Breuer and Freud jointly published “studies in hysteria”
What are some of Freud’s big ideas?
a. Freudian or psychoanalytic theory
,PSYCH 280 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS 2023
A+ SUCCESS ASSUARED
• Human behavior determined by unconscious forces
b. Id
• Unconscious
• Pleasure principle (immediate gratification)
• Libido – energy of id
c. Ego
• Primarily conscious
• Reality principle
1. Attempt to satisfy id’s demands within reality’s constraints
d. Superego
• The conscience
• Develops as we incorporate parental and society values
• As children understand their impulses – bed wetting is not acceptable, they
begin to incorporate parental values as their own
e. Defense mechanisms
• Id, ego and superego continually in conflict
• Conflict generates anxiety -> defense mechanisms
,PSYCH 280 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS 2023
A+ SUCCESS ASSUARED
What is the law of effect?
a. Behavior that is followed by satisfying consequence will be repeated; behavior
that is followed by unpleasant consequence will be discouraged
What is the science-practice gap?
a. Science practice
What are the different types of mental health practitioners? What do they each do?
a. Psychologists
• Clinical or counseling
• Ph. D or Psy. D
b. Psychiatrists
• M.D.s can prescribe psychotropic medication
c. Psychiatric Nurses and Psychiatric Nurse Practitioners
• Nurse practitioners can prescribe psychotropic medications
d. Social Workers
• M.S.W.
• Not trained in psychological assessment
e. Master’s Level terapists & counselors
• MFTs (marriage and family therapists)
What are the different types of mental health scientists? What do they each do?
a. Clinical psychologists
b. Experimental psychologists
c. Cognitive scientists
d. Neuroscientist
, PSYCH 280 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS 2023
A+ SUCCESS ASSUARED
• Cognitive
• Affective
• Behavioral
• Social
e. Psychiatrists
What is classical conditioning?
a. Pavlov method
What is operant conditioning?
a. Learning through consequences
What is positive reinforcement?
a. Behavior followed by pleasant stimuli are strengthened
• Mom gives son praise (reinforcing stimulus) for doing homework
(behavior) boy earns $5 (reinforcing stimulus) for every A he
earns
What is negative reinforcement?
a. Behavior followed by a negative stimulus are strengthened
• Bob does the dishes (behavior) in order to stop his mother’s
nagging (aversive stimulus)
What type of reinforcement is involved in the etiology of psychopathology?
A+ SUCCESS ASSUARED
What is psychopathology?
a. Study of nature, development, and treatment of psychological disorders/aberrant
psychological processes
What are some challenges to the study of psychopathology?
a. Categorical vs. dimensional
b. Maintain objectivity
c. Avoid preconceived notions
d. Reduce stigma
What does DSM stand for?
a. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders
How does the DSM-5 define a mental disorder?
a. Disorder occurs within the individual
What is stigma?
a. Distinguishing label is applied
• “crazy”
What is Wakefield’s theory of Harmful Dysfunction?
a. Failure of internal mechanisms in the mind to function properly
b. Behavioral, psychological and/or biological systems are impaired
Who is Freud?
a. Breuer and Freud jointly published “studies in hysteria”
What are some of Freud’s big ideas?
a. Freudian or psychoanalytic theory
,PSYCH 280 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS 2023
A+ SUCCESS ASSUARED
• Human behavior determined by unconscious forces
b. Id
• Unconscious
• Pleasure principle (immediate gratification)
• Libido – energy of id
c. Ego
• Primarily conscious
• Reality principle
1. Attempt to satisfy id’s demands within reality’s constraints
d. Superego
• The conscience
• Develops as we incorporate parental and society values
• As children understand their impulses – bed wetting is not acceptable, they
begin to incorporate parental values as their own
e. Defense mechanisms
• Id, ego and superego continually in conflict
• Conflict generates anxiety -> defense mechanisms
,PSYCH 280 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS 2023
A+ SUCCESS ASSUARED
What is the law of effect?
a. Behavior that is followed by satisfying consequence will be repeated; behavior
that is followed by unpleasant consequence will be discouraged
What is the science-practice gap?
a. Science practice
What are the different types of mental health practitioners? What do they each do?
a. Psychologists
• Clinical or counseling
• Ph. D or Psy. D
b. Psychiatrists
• M.D.s can prescribe psychotropic medication
c. Psychiatric Nurses and Psychiatric Nurse Practitioners
• Nurse practitioners can prescribe psychotropic medications
d. Social Workers
• M.S.W.
• Not trained in psychological assessment
e. Master’s Level terapists & counselors
• MFTs (marriage and family therapists)
What are the different types of mental health scientists? What do they each do?
a. Clinical psychologists
b. Experimental psychologists
c. Cognitive scientists
d. Neuroscientist
, PSYCH 280 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS 2023
A+ SUCCESS ASSUARED
• Cognitive
• Affective
• Behavioral
• Social
e. Psychiatrists
What is classical conditioning?
a. Pavlov method
What is operant conditioning?
a. Learning through consequences
What is positive reinforcement?
a. Behavior followed by pleasant stimuli are strengthened
• Mom gives son praise (reinforcing stimulus) for doing homework
(behavior) boy earns $5 (reinforcing stimulus) for every A he
earns
What is negative reinforcement?
a. Behavior followed by a negative stimulus are strengthened
• Bob does the dishes (behavior) in order to stop his mother’s
nagging (aversive stimulus)
What type of reinforcement is involved in the etiology of psychopathology?
