CHAPTER 3 MATERIAL AND METHOD
3.1 Study Area Description
The study area cover the village of Nawalparasi district lies in Lumbini zone, southern part of
western Development region of Nepal. The study was conducted at Tilakpur V.D.C., Magarmuda
tole, ward no. 8. Most of the people of these areas are extracting underground water through
shallow tube wells for drinking purpose.
3.2 Secondary Data Collection
3.2.1 Official document and literature survey
Different NGO’s, INGOS and GOS are working on the arsenic contamination of ground water in
terai region of Nepal. Their research work and report become helpful for this study. Reports from
ENPHO on Arsenic Biosand filter were collected for this research study. Different books,
magazine related to Arsenic and its removal technologies were also used for the literature review.
3.2.2 Expert Suggestion and discussion
Expert and research suggestion and discussion were helpful for this research study. On the time
of my research study I met few researcher and expert during research on Arsenic Biosand filter
and discuss with them.
• Suggestion of Mr. Tommy Ka Kit Ngai (MIT), Lecturer/ Resarch at MIT who is currently
working with ENPHO and was helpful for the research site selection and method of data
collection.
• Suggestion of Mr. Bipin Dangol, Environmental Engineer, ENPHO was helpful for the data
analysis, and also during the result and discussion of the study.
39
, 3.3 Primary data collection
The primary data collection for the research was done at the time of field study.
3.3.1 Selection of sampling site
The site selected for the research was at Nawalparasi district, Tilakpur V.D.C., Magarmoda tole,
ward no. 8. Here, most of the people use tube wells for drinking water. And the Arsenic
concentration in the tube wells was 250 ppb. And for the safe drinking of water the villagers use
Arsenic Biosand filter.
3.3.2 Number of filter selected for the research
There were about 25 filters distributed to the villager. But due to lack of time and considering the
condition of filter, total 4 filters were selected and those filter selected were in good condition
and currently in use.
3.3.3 Material used during sample collection
After the filter were selected, there were different material used for the sample collection. The
materials are as follows:
1 Liter Mug
This mug was used to measure the filtered water, the mug was filled 2 times so that 2 liter of
water was collected and after 2 liter of filtered water collected flow rate was measured.
20 liter bucket
This bucket was used for the collection of exactly 20 liter of water from the tube well for the
research.
40
3.1 Study Area Description
The study area cover the village of Nawalparasi district lies in Lumbini zone, southern part of
western Development region of Nepal. The study was conducted at Tilakpur V.D.C., Magarmuda
tole, ward no. 8. Most of the people of these areas are extracting underground water through
shallow tube wells for drinking purpose.
3.2 Secondary Data Collection
3.2.1 Official document and literature survey
Different NGO’s, INGOS and GOS are working on the arsenic contamination of ground water in
terai region of Nepal. Their research work and report become helpful for this study. Reports from
ENPHO on Arsenic Biosand filter were collected for this research study. Different books,
magazine related to Arsenic and its removal technologies were also used for the literature review.
3.2.2 Expert Suggestion and discussion
Expert and research suggestion and discussion were helpful for this research study. On the time
of my research study I met few researcher and expert during research on Arsenic Biosand filter
and discuss with them.
• Suggestion of Mr. Tommy Ka Kit Ngai (MIT), Lecturer/ Resarch at MIT who is currently
working with ENPHO and was helpful for the research site selection and method of data
collection.
• Suggestion of Mr. Bipin Dangol, Environmental Engineer, ENPHO was helpful for the data
analysis, and also during the result and discussion of the study.
39
, 3.3 Primary data collection
The primary data collection for the research was done at the time of field study.
3.3.1 Selection of sampling site
The site selected for the research was at Nawalparasi district, Tilakpur V.D.C., Magarmoda tole,
ward no. 8. Here, most of the people use tube wells for drinking water. And the Arsenic
concentration in the tube wells was 250 ppb. And for the safe drinking of water the villagers use
Arsenic Biosand filter.
3.3.2 Number of filter selected for the research
There were about 25 filters distributed to the villager. But due to lack of time and considering the
condition of filter, total 4 filters were selected and those filter selected were in good condition
and currently in use.
3.3.3 Material used during sample collection
After the filter were selected, there were different material used for the sample collection. The
materials are as follows:
1 Liter Mug
This mug was used to measure the filtered water, the mug was filled 2 times so that 2 liter of
water was collected and after 2 liter of filtered water collected flow rate was measured.
20 liter bucket
This bucket was used for the collection of exactly 20 liter of water from the tube well for the
research.
40
