APC3701 EXAM PACK 2023 LATEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

APC3701 EXAM PACK 2023 LATEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS Page 1 INTRODUCTION3 2 PURPOSE AND OUTCOMES 3 2.1 Purpose 3 2.2 Outcomes 4 3 LECTURER(S) AND CONTACT DETAILS 4 3.1 Lecturer 4 3.2 Department 5 3.3 University 5 4 RESOURCES 6 4.1 Prescribed books 7 4.2 Recommended books 7 4.3 Electronic reserves (e-reserves) 8 4.4 Library services and resources information 9 5 STUDENT SUPPORT SERVICES 10 6 STUDY PLAN 11 7 PRACTICAL WORK AND WORK-INTEGRATED LEARNING 11 8 ASSESSMENT 11 8.1 Assessment criteria 11 8.2 Assessment plan 12 8.3 Assignment numbers 12 8.3.1 General assignment numbers 12 8.3.2 Unique assignment numbers 12 8.4 Assignment due dates 12 8.5 Submission of assignments 12 8.6 .The assignments 13 8.7 Other assessment methods 21 8.8 The examination 21 9 FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS 22 10 SOURCES CONSULTED 22 11 IN CLOSING 22 12 ADDENDUM 22 Dear Student 1 INTRODUCTION We would like to welcome you as a student of the Department of Political Sciences and trust that you will find this module interesting and stimulating. We hope that you will be successful in your academic endeavours and that you will continue your studies in this Department by selecting other modules that we offer. READ this tutorial letter as well as your copy of the study@Unisa brochure for information concerning your studies. The Department offers modules on a semesterised basis. This implies that there are two periods of tuition, as well as two sets of examinations during each calendar year. The first period runs approximately from February to May and the second period from July to October. The examinations follow each period of study. Please note that aegrotat and supplementary examinations will coincide with the examinations of the following semester. THE STUDY MATERIAL FOR THIS MODULE CONSISTS OF: • This tutorial letter, • e-Reserves that must be downloaded from the Unisa Library website (see STEP 3 on pages 6 to 7 of this tutorial letter) • A study guide which can be downloaded from the APC3701 myUnisa page (see STEP 1 on page 6 of this tutorial letter), and • A prescribed reader that will be delivered to you (see STEP 2 on page 6 of this tutorial letter). 2 PURPOSE AND OUTCOMES 2.1 Purpose This module, which deals with the Politics of Southern Africa, consists of two options. Students must choose either Option 1 (Zambia, Zimbabwe and Botswana) or Option 2 (Angola, Mozambique and Namibia). ONLY CHOOSE OPTION 1 OR OPTION 2. DO NOT CHOOSE BOTH OPTIONS. ONCE CHOSEN, YOU HAVE TO REMAIN WITH YOUR CHOICE OF OPTION FOR THE REMAINDER OF THE MODULE. THIS MEANS YOU WILL DO TWO ASSIGNMENTS AND WRITE AN EXAM IN LINE WITH THE OPTION CHOSEN. Option 1: Zambia, Zimbabwe and Botswana The three countries that are the focus of Option 1 are former colonies of Britain. These countries have experienced different fortunes as independent states. Botswana which started off as a poor country is currently stable and prosperous. It retained a democratic political system as well as a capitalist economy. Led by Kenneth Kaunda, Zambia adopted the one-party political system and African socialism (humanism) a few years after independence. Internal and external factors led to serious political problems which were eventually responsible for the removal of Kaunda’s regime in 1990. Zimbabwe’s independence was welcomed and a bright future was predicted for the country. Zimbabwe started its new life as an independent state well and made a good impression to political observers. However, in the second decade the country experienced serious socio-economic and political problems which have paralysed the country up until the current period. Option 2: Angola, Mozambique and Namibia The purpose of this option is to provide you with an introduction to the politics of Angola, Mozambique and Namibia. Both Mozambique and Angola achieved their independence from Portugal after armed struggles, only to be plunged into civil wars thereafter. Angola in particular is noted for the role that natural resources such as oil and diamonds helped to fuel the civil war. Both have faced the challenge of post-conflict political and economic reconstruction and reform as well as the challenge of democratic consolidation. First colonised by Germany, the territory now known as Namibia was entrusted to the temporary guardianship of South Africa by the League of Nations. It subsequently became a territory ruled by South Africa without an international mandate. After an armed struggle and a peace process facilitated by the United Nations (UN), Namibia gained independence in 1990. Although it has not been embroiled in civil war, it has faced challenges to democratic consolidation similar to those faced by its Southern African neighbours. 2.2 Outcomes Option 1: Zambia, Zimbabwe and Botswana If you have chosen Option 1, at the end of this you should be able to: • explain the ways in which selected states gained independence; • analyse states’ political and economic systems; • discuss states' problems and successes; • evaluate democratic processes in selected states; and • analyse efforts to solve Zimbabwe’s problems. Option 2: Angola, Mozambique and Namibia If you have chosen Option 2, at the end of this you should be able to: • describe some of the main ideological debates and controversies in each state; • assess the prospects for the consolidation of democracy in each state; • describe the political constraints on economic development in each state; • describe the trends in electoral performance in each state. 3 LECTURER(S) AND CONTACT DETAILS 3.1 Lecturer Ms Alida Kok E-mail: Tel: +27 (0) (I am not always available to answer my office phone. If you can’t get hold of me on my phone number, please send an e-mail or post a comment or send a message on the Facebook group. I share the details of the Facebook group below.) Office: Muckleneuk Campus, Theo van Wijk Building, room 7-17 Facebook group: students of Alida Kok.) The purpose of the Facebook group is not to replace myUnisa, but to make discussion between you and me, and you and your fellow students a bit easier. Important information will be announced on myUnisa and on the Facebook group. Check announcements for APC3701 on myUnisa regularly. Check your Unisa student e-mail inbox regularly. Please join the Facebook group (if you can). Consultation hours: Mondays to Fridays from 09:30 – 14:45. Please arrange beforehand if you would like to meet with me, or have a telephonic meeting. I can also be available between 14:45 and 17:00 for a meeting. 3.2 Department For general information, please contact: Mr Funny Tabane Tel: +27 (0) Email: Mr Solly Mudau Tel: +27 (0) Email: 3.3 University You will find general Unisa contact details in thestudy@Unisa brochure. Students are reminded to use their student number when contacting the university. GENERAL INFORMATION AND CONTACT DETAILS IMPORTANT Please study your copy of the study@Unisa brochure for information pertaining to your studies at Unisa and all services provided to students. Please note that only problems of an academic nature, such as the content of modules, should be addressed to lecturers. COMMUNICATING WITH UNISA Remember: always provide your student number and the relevant module codes. • Unisa website ( & ) All study-related information is available on the Unisa website in both web and mobi formats. • myUnisa ( their own information via the myUnisa website or mobi site. • E-mail () Students may send an e-mail to for information on how to contact Unisa via e-mail. • SMS (32695 – only for students in South Africa) Students may send an SMS to 32695 for more information on how to contact Unisa via SMS. The sender will receive an auto response SMS with the various SMS options. The cost to the student per SMS is R1,00. • Fax (+27 (0)) Students will be able to fax their enquiries to +27 (0), whereafter it will be distributed to and processed by the relevant department. BY LETTER: Address all correspondence to: The Registrar (Academic), P O Box 392, UNISA, 0003. PLEASE NOTE: Do not direct enquiries to different departments (e.g. this Department, Despatch and Library Services) in the same letter. This will delay a reply to your enquiries. Write a separate letter to each department and mark each letter clearly for the attention of that relevant department. Separate letters may be posted in the same envelope. Letters to lecturers may not be enclosed with assignments. PERSONAL VISITS: Students wishing to see a lecturer should make an appointment. Remember that when you visit the campus, irrespective of whether you visit a lecturer, the library or another department, you must have your student card with you. SPECIFIC ENQUIRIES PROBLEMS WITH PRESCRIBED BOOKS: / +27 (0) PROBLEMS WITH MYUNISA: ASSIGNMENT RESULTS: visit CHANGE OF EXAM VENUE: / Fax: +27 (0)12 429 4150 / REQUESTS FOR SPECIAL AND AEGROTAT EXAMINATIONS: / Fax: + 27 (0) / +27 (0). Include all relevant documentation pertaining to your request. ENQUIRIES ON THE CONTENT OF MODULES IN POLITICAL SCIENCES: +27 (0) / 8560 / 6626 STUDENT FUNDING: +27 (0) / +27 (0) LIBRARY: +27 (0) or consult your copy of study@Unisa SPECIALNEEDS (DISABILITY) ACADEMIC SUPPORT: / 4 RESOURCES The study material for this module might seem like a lot of information to take in and make sense of. That is why it is very important that you follow the steps below when working through the resources allocated to this module. It is not necessary to study all the study material in this module in depth. The prescribed reader and the study guide provide you with foundational and general knowledge, while you should focus on critically reading and studying the e-Reserves (articles that must be downloaded from the Library website) in preparation for the writing of assignments and the writing of the exam. Therefore, please follow the steps below. STEP 1 Study the contents (of the option that you have chosen) of the study guide. The study guide provides you with the structure or “the story” of the politics of Southern Africa and you need to make sure that you know and have memorised “the story”. DO NOT USE THE STUDY GUIDE AS THE ONLY SOURCE WHEN WRITING ASSIGNMENTS, AND DO NOT ONLY STUDY THE CONTENTS OF THE STUDY GUIDE IN PREPARATION FOR THE EXAM. STEP 2 Critically read the content of the prescribed reader. Only read the content that is applicable to the option that you have chosen (Option 1: Zambia, Zimbabwe and Botswana, or Option 2: Angola, Mozambique and Namibia). Remember: to read with insight – make a point to understand and remember what you’re reading, and to not just read for the sake of reading. Make reading – and the reading of the reader for this module – a part of your daily routine. STEP 3 (THE MOST IMPORTANT STEP): E-RESERVES (ARTICLES AVAILABLE ON THE LIBRARY WEBSITE) FOCUS on critically reading and studying the contents of the e-Reserves, which are specific downloadable articles on the Unisa Library website. (You will see that some of these articles are listed as e-Reserves on the Library website, but are also in the reader. This is a current overlap in the module content that will be addressed in the next year.) The assessment of your assignments and exam answers will mainly be based on your knowledge and understanding of, and critical thinking with regards to these articles. You will be better able to know, understand and critically think about these articles when you have gained foundational and general knowledge by means of studying the contents of the study guide (in STEP 1) and have critically read the content of the prescribed reader (in STEP 2). How to get the e-Reserves Log onto the Library website and go to the “Search the Library” box. Click on “Find e-reserves & Recommended books”. You will be taken to a page where you can do a “course code search”. Type APC3701 into the course code search box and click submit. You will be taken to a page where the APC3701 e- Reserves for 2018 are listed. Download these articles. 4.1 Prescribed books You will receive a prescribed reader entitled “The Politics of Southern Africa: Zimbabwe, Zambia and Botswana; Angola, Mozambique and Angola”. 4.2 Recommended books There are no recommended books for this module. 4.3 Electronic reserves (e-reserves) E-Reserve articles for Option 1: Zambia, Zimbabwe and Botswana Southern Africa Matlosa, K. 2017. The state of democratization in Southern Africa: blocked transitions, reversals, stagnation, progress and prospects. Politikon, 44(1): 5 – 26. Zambia Kragelund, P. 2014. Donors go home: non-traditional state actors and the creation of developmental space in Zambia. Third World quarterly, 35(1): 145 – 162. Ntomba, R. 2016. Another disputed election, another dodgy court ruling. New African, October 2016: 40 – 41. Sardanis, A. 2015. Zambia: the first fifty years. The roundtable: the Commonwealth journal of international affairs, 104(1): 9 – 17. Zimbabwe Cliffe, L., Alexander, J., Cousins, B. & Gaidzanwa, R. 2011. An Overview of fast-track land reform in Zimbabwe. Journal of peasant studies, 38(5): 907 – 938. Moore, D. 2014. Death or dearth of democracy in Zimbabwe? Africa spectrum, 49(1): 101 – 114. Botswana Botlhomilwe, M.Z. & Molebatsi, R.M. 2014. A democracy with weak oversight institutions: an application to the “African Miracle” Botswana. Journal of public administration, 49(3): 813 – 820. Burchard, S. 2013. You have to know where to look in order to find it: competitiveness in Botswana’s dominant party system. Government and opposition, 48(1): 101 – 126. Makgala, C.J. & Mokganedi, Z.B. 2017. Elite interests and political participation in Botswana, 1966 – 2014. Journal of contemporary African studies, 35(1): 54 – 72. Mogalakwe, M. 2015. An assessment of Botswana’s electoral management body to deliver fair elections. Journal of contemporary African studies, 33: 105 – 120. E-Reserve articles for Option 2: Angola, Mozambique and Namibia Southern Africa Matlosa, K. 2017. The state of democratization in Southern Africa: blocked transitions, reversals, stagnation, progress and prospects. Politikon, 44(1): 5 – 26. Angola Ovadia, J.S. 2012. The dual nature of local content in Angola’s oil and gas industry: development versus elite accumulation. Journal of contemporary African studies, 30(3): 395 – 417. Mozambique Azevedo-Harman, E. 2015. Patching things up in Mozambique. Journal of democracy, 26(2): 139 – 150. Macamo, E. 2017. Power, conflict, and citizenship: Mozambique’s contemporary struggles. Citizenship studies, 21(2): 196 – 209. Phiri, M.Z. & Macheve, A. Jr. 2014. Mozambique’s peace decades since the end of the conflict: inclusive or managed democracy? African journal of conflict resolution, 14(1): 38 – 62. Phiri, M.Z. 2012. The political economy of Mozambique twenty years on: A post conflict success story. South African journal of international affairs, 19(2): 223 – 245. Namibia Lindeke, W.A. 2014. The perils and complexity of democratic values in Namibia. Afrobarometer, Briefing Paper No.144: 1 – 15. Melber, H., Kromrey, D. & Welz, M. 2016. Changing of the guard? An anatomy of power within SWAPO of Namibia. African affairs, 116(463): 284 – 310. 4.4 Library services and resources information For brief information, go to For detailed information, go to personal librarians, click on "Research support". The library has compiled a number of library guides: • finding recommended reading in the print collection and e-reserves – • requesting material – • postgraduate information services – • finding, obtaining and using library resources and tools to assist in doing research – • how to contact the library/finding us on social media/frequently asked questions – How to get to and use the Political Sciences Library Guide a.) On the Library homepage, click on the box titled “Library guides”. b.) On the next page, scroll down to “Political Sciences” and click on the link. c.) This will take you to the Political Sciences Library Guide. This serves as a user-friendly platform to access a range of resources to use when doing research and writing your second assignment. Please take special note of learning how to use the “Articles” tab to access electronic journal articles. Unisa has entered into partnerships with establishments (referred to as Telecentres) in various locations across South Africa to enable you (as a Unisa student) free access to computers and the Internet. This access enables you to conduct the following academic related activities: registration, online submission of assignments, engaging in e-tutoring activities and signature courses, etc. Please note that any other activity outside of these is for your own costing, e.g. printing, photocopying, etc. For more information on the Telecentre nearest to you, please visit 6 STUDY PLAN The planning of your own study programme is very important. However, we are not in a position to work out a programme that will suit all your needs. You are responsible for doing the planning yourself. We mention a few guidelines which you should find useful. We recommend that you determine the amount of time available per week for the module, given your own circumstances. This will determine how much time per day you can spend on the module. Your objective should be to follow the schedule throughout the semester. The amount of time per week available for the module is not as important as the fact that you should be continually engaged in studying throughout the semester. Remember to keep steps 1 to 3 indicated on pages 6 to 7 of this tutorial letter in mind when you plan your study programme. You are also referred to the study@Unisa brochure for general time management and planning skills. If you are a student with a health-related condition such as tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS, or have a close family member with a health condition, please take cognisance thereof when planning your studies. The same also applies to any other difficulties you or close friends and family members may experience. Such difficulties may impact on the time you may have available for studies. In these circumstances it is important to plan well ahead in order to have sufficient time to meet deadlines. It will be unwise to cram tasks as this creates enormous stress which will negatively impact on your performance as a student, as well as your health. Planning your studies is essential so that you work consistently and make good progress. It would be wise to know your health status with regard to conditions such as tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS, blood pressure, diabetes and high cholesterol. If you are informed by medical tests, with the necessary medical and supportive interventions you can prolong and improve the quality of your life and your success in your studies. 7 PRACTICAL WORK AND WORK-INTEGRATED LEARNING There is no practical work and work integrated learning for this module. 8 ASSESSMENT 8.1 Assessment criteria Two compulsory assignments must be submitted as part of the formative assessment component for this module. These will determine your admission to the examinations, as well as your semester mark. Please note the due dates of assignments. Assignments form an integral part of your studies but do not cover the entire content of the modules. Summative assessment consists of a formative venue-based examination. Please study your copy of the study@Unisa brochure for all rules and arrangements pertaining to the examination. 8.2 Assessment plan Note: as already mentioned, there are two compulsory assignments. • Assignment 1: compulsory for purposes of admission to the examination. • Assignment 2: compulsory for a semester mark. Be especially aware that there are different assignments for Semesters 1 and 2 respectively. Each assignment has a clearly marked heading, so please be very alert in reading it so that you can ensure that you do the questions relevant for your chosen option and the semester for which you are registered. In order to be admitted to the examination, you have to submit assignment 1 in good time. Assignments 1 and 2 will jointly contribute towards a semester mark that counts 30% towards your final mark. Your semester mark will be calculated on the basis of the marks you have obtained in each of the two assignments. The semester mark (30%), together with your examination mark (70%) will thus be used to calculate your final mark for this module. It is important to submit the assignments on time. 8.3 Assignment numbers 8.3.1 General assignment numbers 8.3.2 Unique assignment numbers Assignment 1 first semester Assignment 2 first semester Assignment 1 second semester Assignment 2 second semester