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We are going to use the blood sample you collected at the crime scene. What needs to happen before the blood sample can be used for PCR? DNA has to be isolated from the cells What do you need to do each time before using a pipette to collect liquid? Put on a new, sterile pipette tip What is the template of the PCR reaction? DNA How do you collect liquid in the lab? Using a pipette Why is it important to change the pipette tip? To avoid cross-contamination For which enzyme are nucleotides the substrate? DNA polymerase What is the function of primers in a PCR reaction? Bind specific sites on the DNA What does a DNA polymerase do? Synthesizes DNA At this step in the PCR process, what happens to the DNA? It will be separated into two strands How is the DNA separated into single strands? The high temperature (95 °C) What is the step in a PCR reaction that is now shown called? Annealing The area where the primers bind marks which of the PCR product? Beginning The PCR products get a certain length due to which fact? The placement of the primers How does the the DNA polymerase extends the primers into a new DNA strand? Adding nucleotides to the 3' end of the primers Primers are always designed to be complementary to the template DNA strand. Which of these sequences is the complementary sequence to the template sequence 5'-GTGGTCTGATCAACGGTAA-3' 3'-CACCAGACTAGTTGCCATT-5' The number of repeats of each individual's tandem repeated regions can be different creating a specific DNA profile. When using one primer pair in different individuals, the PCR describes the PCR product? Different length may be found in each individual What happens to the probability of a 100% match between two different individuals when using 13 sets of primers for the DNA profile instead of one? It decreases How many copies of DNA are required to see bands on the electrophoresis gel? Millions of copies Which word describes the charge of the DNA? Negatively charged DNA is negatively charged. To which location in the electrophoresis gel does it migrate? The positive pole