BIOCHEM 1005 UNIT 4 STUDY QUESTIONS
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
A 16-year-old girl complains that she often feels light-headed
and dizzy just before lunch at school. She tells you that she often
does not eat breakfast. She almost always feels better after
lunch. You explain to her that she is experiencing
hypoglycemia. Under these conditions, you would expect:
correct answer: Glycogen phosphorylase kinase to be
phosphorylated and active
A 3-year old male presents to the emergency room with
hypoglycemia folloign a brief seizure. His parents put him to
bed the night before and he had not eaten much dinner. His urine
tested positive for dicarboxylic acids and there were no
detectable ketones in his blood or urine. His symptoms can be
explained by a deficiency in which pathway? correct answer:
Fatty acid oxidation (gluconeogenesis is effectively inhibited) /
glycolysis
A 3-year old male presents to the emergency room with
hypoglycemia following a brief seizure. His parents put him to
bed the night before and he had not eaten much dinner. His urine
tested positive for dicarboxyilic acids and there were no
detectable ketones in his blood or urine. Circulating levels of
free fatty acids were well above normal. Supplementation of
which of the following may help this condition? correct answer:
Carnitine
,A 3-year old male presents to the emergency room with
hypoglycemia following a brief seizure. His parents put him to
bed the night before and he had not eaten much dinner. His urine
tested positive for dicarboxyilic acids and there were no
detectable ketones in his blood or urine. In this individual, at the
time of presentation his ratio of insulin to glucagon is: correct
answer: Insulin > Glucagon
A 5-year old girl displayed increased appetite, increased urinary
frequency, and thirst. Her physician suspected new onset
diabetes mellitus and confirmed that she had elevated urine
glucose and ketones. Serum levels of free fatty acids were not
measured in this patient, however; based on the data presented
above you would expect them to be (when compared to a
healthy individual): correct answer: They rise because of
unrestrained lipolysis
A 5-year old girl displayed increased appetite, urinary
frequency, and thirst. Her physician suspected new onset
diabetes mellitus and confirmed that she had elevated urine
glucose and ketones. Blood glucose levels were 250mg/dl
(normal range 90-120 mg/dl). In this girl, the increase in blood
glucose is primarily due to which of the following? correct
answer: Increase hepatic gluconeogenesis
A 5-year old girl displayed increased appetite, urinary
frequency, and thirst. Her physician suspected new onset
diabetes mellitus and confirmed that she had elevated urine
glucose and ketones. If this individual were to have an episode
of diabetic ketoacidosis, you would expect her blood gas
, analysis to show which of the following characteristics
consistent with respiratory compensation during this event?
correct answer: Low bicarbonate, low pH, low PCO2 (partial
pressure of carbon dioxide)
A deficiency in ornithine transcarbamoylase is an X-linked
heritable disorder; although neither parent has ever presented
with symptoms. In order for this male infacnt to present with
symptoms, which of the following must be true with regards to
his parents? correct answer: Dad can not pass to a son, therefore
mother must have at least 1 carrier gene
A glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency is most
detrimental to red blood cells due to the decrease in which of the
following compounds? correct answer: NADH Ribulose 5 P
A healthy female is 20 weeks pregnant, she is consuming an
average diet that contains 60% carbohydrate, 20% fat and 20%
protein. This individual would be in ____________ nitrogen
balance. correct answer: Positive
A healthy, well-nourished 27-year old ate a large steak and egg
breakfast. A few hours later, she consumed an ice cream sundae.
The protein from her diet is denatured and then proteolyzed to
single amino acids. Several hours later, the majority of the
nitrogen atoms from the protein in her diet would most likely be
found incorporated into: correct answer: Urine, glucose,
gluconeogenesis Glycogen
A male infant who appeared normal at birth began to develop
lethargy, hypothermia and apnea at 42 hours after delivery. It
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
A 16-year-old girl complains that she often feels light-headed
and dizzy just before lunch at school. She tells you that she often
does not eat breakfast. She almost always feels better after
lunch. You explain to her that she is experiencing
hypoglycemia. Under these conditions, you would expect:
correct answer: Glycogen phosphorylase kinase to be
phosphorylated and active
A 3-year old male presents to the emergency room with
hypoglycemia folloign a brief seizure. His parents put him to
bed the night before and he had not eaten much dinner. His urine
tested positive for dicarboxylic acids and there were no
detectable ketones in his blood or urine. His symptoms can be
explained by a deficiency in which pathway? correct answer:
Fatty acid oxidation (gluconeogenesis is effectively inhibited) /
glycolysis
A 3-year old male presents to the emergency room with
hypoglycemia following a brief seizure. His parents put him to
bed the night before and he had not eaten much dinner. His urine
tested positive for dicarboxyilic acids and there were no
detectable ketones in his blood or urine. Circulating levels of
free fatty acids were well above normal. Supplementation of
which of the following may help this condition? correct answer:
Carnitine
,A 3-year old male presents to the emergency room with
hypoglycemia following a brief seizure. His parents put him to
bed the night before and he had not eaten much dinner. His urine
tested positive for dicarboxyilic acids and there were no
detectable ketones in his blood or urine. In this individual, at the
time of presentation his ratio of insulin to glucagon is: correct
answer: Insulin > Glucagon
A 5-year old girl displayed increased appetite, increased urinary
frequency, and thirst. Her physician suspected new onset
diabetes mellitus and confirmed that she had elevated urine
glucose and ketones. Serum levels of free fatty acids were not
measured in this patient, however; based on the data presented
above you would expect them to be (when compared to a
healthy individual): correct answer: They rise because of
unrestrained lipolysis
A 5-year old girl displayed increased appetite, urinary
frequency, and thirst. Her physician suspected new onset
diabetes mellitus and confirmed that she had elevated urine
glucose and ketones. Blood glucose levels were 250mg/dl
(normal range 90-120 mg/dl). In this girl, the increase in blood
glucose is primarily due to which of the following? correct
answer: Increase hepatic gluconeogenesis
A 5-year old girl displayed increased appetite, urinary
frequency, and thirst. Her physician suspected new onset
diabetes mellitus and confirmed that she had elevated urine
glucose and ketones. If this individual were to have an episode
of diabetic ketoacidosis, you would expect her blood gas
, analysis to show which of the following characteristics
consistent with respiratory compensation during this event?
correct answer: Low bicarbonate, low pH, low PCO2 (partial
pressure of carbon dioxide)
A deficiency in ornithine transcarbamoylase is an X-linked
heritable disorder; although neither parent has ever presented
with symptoms. In order for this male infacnt to present with
symptoms, which of the following must be true with regards to
his parents? correct answer: Dad can not pass to a son, therefore
mother must have at least 1 carrier gene
A glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency is most
detrimental to red blood cells due to the decrease in which of the
following compounds? correct answer: NADH Ribulose 5 P
A healthy female is 20 weeks pregnant, she is consuming an
average diet that contains 60% carbohydrate, 20% fat and 20%
protein. This individual would be in ____________ nitrogen
balance. correct answer: Positive
A healthy, well-nourished 27-year old ate a large steak and egg
breakfast. A few hours later, she consumed an ice cream sundae.
The protein from her diet is denatured and then proteolyzed to
single amino acids. Several hours later, the majority of the
nitrogen atoms from the protein in her diet would most likely be
found incorporated into: correct answer: Urine, glucose,
gluconeogenesis Glycogen
A male infant who appeared normal at birth began to develop
lethargy, hypothermia and apnea at 42 hours after delivery. It
