NEW SEPTEMBER 2023 UPDATED REAL
WRITTEN EXAM SOLUTION HESI PHARM FOR
THE FOLOWING EXAM TOPICS (Analgesics,
Anxiety Meds, Antiepileptics,
Hypnotics/Sedatives, General Anesthetics,
Heart Failure Meds, Anticoags and Antiplatelet,
Analgesics, Insulin, Oral anti-diabetic agents,
Thyroid & Antithyroid Meds, Endocrine Drugs,
Musculoskeletal Drugs, Antidepressants, BPH,
Neuro meds)
HESI Milestone : Antibiotics
Which antibiotics can cause accidental pregnancy? - -cycline and -cillins
Which meds do you not take with food? - Macrolides (Azithromycin),
Tetracyclines , Fluoroquinolones (Levofloxacin) MTF (Move The
Food)
Which meds cause phototoxicity? - Fluoroquinolones, Tetracyclines, Sulfa-
trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole
Fear The Sun
What kinds of toxicity do they cause? - Kidneys and ears (vanco, gent, neo)
Ototoxicity (vertigo, tinnitus)
Nephrotox (Cr, BUN)
Which are most toxic? - Mycins!
Which classes should NOT be taken together? - cephalosporins and penicillins
How to administer cillins - Take with food if N/V, shake before taking
Side effects of cephalosporins - diarrhea
,Side effect of cillins - bleeding (platelet count)
,Which meds are hard on the kidneys and ears? - Vanco (glycopeptides)
and mycins (aminoglycosides)
Urine OP for kidneys in distress? - <30 mL/hr
therapeutic range for antibiotics - 10-20
Tips for admin of vanco - burns the veins --> use a
PICC Red Man's Syndrome (from rapid infusion) No
effect of Mg, mental status, DTRs, N/V Stop if allergic
and admin epi
What are aminoglycosides used for and what is the toxic combo? - Infections in CF
Vanco and Neomicin (or other mycin)
Red Man's Syndrome!
CI of aminoglycosides (neomicin) - Neuromuscular disease (causes aches
and cramping)
Effect of macrolides/azithromycin on the heart? - Prolonged QT intervals (can lead
to cardiac arrest)
Main toxicity in macrolides? - Hepatotoxicity (monitor liver labs)
side effects of macrolides/azithromycin? - N/V, fever, decreased WBC (means
improving infection)
Tetracyclines and pregnancy? - NOPE --> teach to use additional
contraceptives (Tip: you can't go CYCLINE on a bike while you're pregnant)
What do tetracyclines do to the teeth/mouth? - Tooth discoloration -->
normal, no need to report
What to teach the patient about admin of tetracyclines? - Take on an empty
stomach, 1-2 hours after meal and sit up for 30 mins after taking it
, What electrolyte to avoid when taking tetracyclines? - Calcium! Blocks abspx or
med (TetraCALCIUM)
Alcohol use and metronidazole? - NO ALCOHOL AT ALL D/T N/V! during and
3 days after
Side effects of metronidazole? - Dark urine, metallic taste (METronidaRKURINE)
Deadly signs to report pertaining to metronidazole? - Steven Johnsons Syndrome!
any new rash or peeling!
Main class of UTI Meds? - Sulfonamides (i.e. trimethoprim-sulfa,
nitrofuratoin, etc)
CI or sulfonamides? - Allergies and pregnancy
Tips with sulfonamides (SULF memory trick) - S- sunburn
U- Urine --> crystals and specific gravity (high=dry)
L- Love water (drink 2-3 L daily)
F- Folic acid --> take daily
Fluoroquinolones (i.e. cipro) use - pneumonia and UTI
Main side effect of fluoroquinolines - Achilles tendon rupture (report new muscle
pain)
(fluorOWquinolones)
CI of fluoroquinolones? - Tendonitis
Used for UTI pain relief? - Phenazopyridine (report liver toxicity S&S like jaundice);
may cause urine to be red/orange (normal)
HESI Pharm: Analgesics
Are non-opiods sedating? anti-pyretic? CNS depressants? Vital sign effects? - ANS
IS Non-sedating, anti-pyretic, anti-inflammatory (NSAIDS only), not CNS
depressants, normal vitals
WRITTEN EXAM SOLUTION HESI PHARM FOR
THE FOLOWING EXAM TOPICS (Analgesics,
Anxiety Meds, Antiepileptics,
Hypnotics/Sedatives, General Anesthetics,
Heart Failure Meds, Anticoags and Antiplatelet,
Analgesics, Insulin, Oral anti-diabetic agents,
Thyroid & Antithyroid Meds, Endocrine Drugs,
Musculoskeletal Drugs, Antidepressants, BPH,
Neuro meds)
HESI Milestone : Antibiotics
Which antibiotics can cause accidental pregnancy? - -cycline and -cillins
Which meds do you not take with food? - Macrolides (Azithromycin),
Tetracyclines , Fluoroquinolones (Levofloxacin) MTF (Move The
Food)
Which meds cause phototoxicity? - Fluoroquinolones, Tetracyclines, Sulfa-
trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole
Fear The Sun
What kinds of toxicity do they cause? - Kidneys and ears (vanco, gent, neo)
Ototoxicity (vertigo, tinnitus)
Nephrotox (Cr, BUN)
Which are most toxic? - Mycins!
Which classes should NOT be taken together? - cephalosporins and penicillins
How to administer cillins - Take with food if N/V, shake before taking
Side effects of cephalosporins - diarrhea
,Side effect of cillins - bleeding (platelet count)
,Which meds are hard on the kidneys and ears? - Vanco (glycopeptides)
and mycins (aminoglycosides)
Urine OP for kidneys in distress? - <30 mL/hr
therapeutic range for antibiotics - 10-20
Tips for admin of vanco - burns the veins --> use a
PICC Red Man's Syndrome (from rapid infusion) No
effect of Mg, mental status, DTRs, N/V Stop if allergic
and admin epi
What are aminoglycosides used for and what is the toxic combo? - Infections in CF
Vanco and Neomicin (or other mycin)
Red Man's Syndrome!
CI of aminoglycosides (neomicin) - Neuromuscular disease (causes aches
and cramping)
Effect of macrolides/azithromycin on the heart? - Prolonged QT intervals (can lead
to cardiac arrest)
Main toxicity in macrolides? - Hepatotoxicity (monitor liver labs)
side effects of macrolides/azithromycin? - N/V, fever, decreased WBC (means
improving infection)
Tetracyclines and pregnancy? - NOPE --> teach to use additional
contraceptives (Tip: you can't go CYCLINE on a bike while you're pregnant)
What do tetracyclines do to the teeth/mouth? - Tooth discoloration -->
normal, no need to report
What to teach the patient about admin of tetracyclines? - Take on an empty
stomach, 1-2 hours after meal and sit up for 30 mins after taking it
, What electrolyte to avoid when taking tetracyclines? - Calcium! Blocks abspx or
med (TetraCALCIUM)
Alcohol use and metronidazole? - NO ALCOHOL AT ALL D/T N/V! during and
3 days after
Side effects of metronidazole? - Dark urine, metallic taste (METronidaRKURINE)
Deadly signs to report pertaining to metronidazole? - Steven Johnsons Syndrome!
any new rash or peeling!
Main class of UTI Meds? - Sulfonamides (i.e. trimethoprim-sulfa,
nitrofuratoin, etc)
CI or sulfonamides? - Allergies and pregnancy
Tips with sulfonamides (SULF memory trick) - S- sunburn
U- Urine --> crystals and specific gravity (high=dry)
L- Love water (drink 2-3 L daily)
F- Folic acid --> take daily
Fluoroquinolones (i.e. cipro) use - pneumonia and UTI
Main side effect of fluoroquinolines - Achilles tendon rupture (report new muscle
pain)
(fluorOWquinolones)
CI of fluoroquinolones? - Tendonitis
Used for UTI pain relief? - Phenazopyridine (report liver toxicity S&S like jaundice);
may cause urine to be red/orange (normal)
HESI Pharm: Analgesics
Are non-opiods sedating? anti-pyretic? CNS depressants? Vital sign effects? - ANS
IS Non-sedating, anti-pyretic, anti-inflammatory (NSAIDS only), not CNS
depressants, normal vitals
