NURSING ESSAY NOTES
8. a. Define medicine.
b. list down the different routes of medicine administration c. briefly
explain the principles of medication administration
DRUGS AND MEDICATIONS
A drug is any substance that alters physiologic function, with the
potential for affecting health. Medicine may be defined as a
substance used to promote health, to prevent illness, to diagnose, to
alleviate or cute diseases. A medication is a substance used in the
diagnosis, treatment, relief or prevention of health alternations. A
drug is a chemical substance that modifies body function when taken
into the living organism, which may or may not have a therapeutic
effect. A medication is a drug administered for its therapeutic effects.
Thus, all medications are drugs, but not all drugs are medications.
Route of Medicine Administration
The parenteral route refers to medications that are given by injection
or infusion. It means giving therapeutic agents outside the
alimentary tract. It is the forcing of fluid into cavity, a blood vessel or
a body tissue through a hollow tube or needle. Advanced injection
techniques consist of injecting medications into artery, the
peritoneum, heart tissue, the spinal canal and bones.
Medications given by parenteral route are absorbed more rapidly
and completely than medications given by other routes.
Types of Injections:
Hypodermal or subcutaneous injection: medicines when introduced
into the subcutaneous tissue or areolar tissue (just below the skin), it
is called hypodermic or subcutaneous injection.
, Hypospray: the hypospray permits drugs to be sprayed through the
skin without a needle. Pressure of about 125 pounds is created in a
device, which forces the drug into the tissues without pain and
without a visible mark.
Infusions: When a large quantity of medicines are to be introduced
into the body, it is called infusion. Usually these are given
intravenously or subcutaneously.
Intradermal: Medicines when introduced into the dermis (under the
epidermis), it is called intradermal injection.
Intramuscular Injection: medicines when injected into the muscle, it
is called intramuscular injection.
Intraosseous Injection: when drugs or fluids are introduced into
the peritoneal cavity, it is called intraperitoneal injection.
Intraperitoneal Injection: medicines when introduced into the bone
marrow, then it is called intraperitoneal injection.
Intrapinal or intrathecal Injections: medicines when introduced into
spinal cavity, it is called intraspinal or intrathecal injections.
Intravenous and intra-arterial Injection: medicines and fluids when
introduced into a vein, it is called intravenous injection and when
introduced into the arteries is called intra-arterial injection.
Venesection or Cut down: opening a vein and introducing a tube or
wide-bore needle and introducing medicines and fluids or taking out
blood is called venepuncture or venesection. This is done in
emergencies.
Transfusions: it is the introduction of whole blood or plasma into
vein or artery to supply actual volume of blood or to introduce
constituents as clotting factors or antibodies which are different in
the client.
Purpose of Injections:
8. a. Define medicine.
b. list down the different routes of medicine administration c. briefly
explain the principles of medication administration
DRUGS AND MEDICATIONS
A drug is any substance that alters physiologic function, with the
potential for affecting health. Medicine may be defined as a
substance used to promote health, to prevent illness, to diagnose, to
alleviate or cute diseases. A medication is a substance used in the
diagnosis, treatment, relief or prevention of health alternations. A
drug is a chemical substance that modifies body function when taken
into the living organism, which may or may not have a therapeutic
effect. A medication is a drug administered for its therapeutic effects.
Thus, all medications are drugs, but not all drugs are medications.
Route of Medicine Administration
The parenteral route refers to medications that are given by injection
or infusion. It means giving therapeutic agents outside the
alimentary tract. It is the forcing of fluid into cavity, a blood vessel or
a body tissue through a hollow tube or needle. Advanced injection
techniques consist of injecting medications into artery, the
peritoneum, heart tissue, the spinal canal and bones.
Medications given by parenteral route are absorbed more rapidly
and completely than medications given by other routes.
Types of Injections:
Hypodermal or subcutaneous injection: medicines when introduced
into the subcutaneous tissue or areolar tissue (just below the skin), it
is called hypodermic or subcutaneous injection.
, Hypospray: the hypospray permits drugs to be sprayed through the
skin without a needle. Pressure of about 125 pounds is created in a
device, which forces the drug into the tissues without pain and
without a visible mark.
Infusions: When a large quantity of medicines are to be introduced
into the body, it is called infusion. Usually these are given
intravenously or subcutaneously.
Intradermal: Medicines when introduced into the dermis (under the
epidermis), it is called intradermal injection.
Intramuscular Injection: medicines when injected into the muscle, it
is called intramuscular injection.
Intraosseous Injection: when drugs or fluids are introduced into
the peritoneal cavity, it is called intraperitoneal injection.
Intraperitoneal Injection: medicines when introduced into the bone
marrow, then it is called intraperitoneal injection.
Intrapinal or intrathecal Injections: medicines when introduced into
spinal cavity, it is called intraspinal or intrathecal injections.
Intravenous and intra-arterial Injection: medicines and fluids when
introduced into a vein, it is called intravenous injection and when
introduced into the arteries is called intra-arterial injection.
Venesection or Cut down: opening a vein and introducing a tube or
wide-bore needle and introducing medicines and fluids or taking out
blood is called venepuncture or venesection. This is done in
emergencies.
Transfusions: it is the introduction of whole blood or plasma into
vein or artery to supply actual volume of blood or to introduce
constituents as clotting factors or antibodies which are different in
the client.
Purpose of Injections:
