HESI PEDIATRICS EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED A 2023 UPDATE

Methylphenidate (Ritalin) is prescribed for a child with a diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The nurse provides instructions to the mother regarding the administration of the medication and tells the mother to administer the medication: a. before dinner and at bedtime b. before breakfast and before the noontime meal c. in the morning after breakfast and at bedtime at the noontime and evening meals (answer) before breakfast and before the al Methylphenidate (Ritalin) is prescribed for a child with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The nurse provides instructions to the mother regarding the administration of the medication. Which statement by the mother would indicate a need for further instructions? I will administer the medication with the noontime meal I will keep the medication tightly capped and away from direct heat giving the medications on Saturdays d. put the patch on for an hour, and then take it off for an hour (answer) wear the patch continuously, alternating eyes each day A student nurse examines an Asian American infant's eyes and notes that the infant's eyes are crossed. The registered nurse asks the student to interpret the finding. Which statement by the student indicates an understanding of this assessment finding? a. it probably isn't strabismus but appears that way because of the child;s ethnic background b. you will want to call the pediatrician immediately because this could lead to detached retina d. strabismus isn't life threatening but it requires surgery in the first 2 months to prevent the crossed eyes from being a life long condition (answer) it probably isn't strabismus but appears that way because of the child;s ethnic background "A nurse is providing instructions to the mother of a child with a diagnosis of strabismus of the left eye, and the nurse reviews the procedure for patching the child. The nurse determines that the mother understands the procedure if the mother makes which statement?" A nurse develops a plan of care for a one-month-old infant hospitalized for intussusception. Which nursing measure would be most effective to provide psychosocial support for the parent-child relationship? encourage the parents to go home and get some sleep encourage the parents to room-in with their infant provide educational materials d. initiate home nutritional support as early as possible (answer) encourage the parents to room-in with their infant "A 12-year-old child is seen in the health care clinic. During the assessment, which finding would suggest to the nurse that the child is experiencing a disruption in the development of self-concept?" a. the child has a part-time babysitting job b. the child enjoys playing chess and mastering new skills with this game c. the child has many friends d. the child has an intimate relationship with a significant other (answer) the child has an intimate relationship with a significant other A nurse is preparing to care for a child from a culture different from the nurse's. What is the best way to address the cultural needs of the child and family when the child is admitted to the health care facility? surgery. To assess adequacy of support for the child's psychosocial needs, the nurse would ask the parents which question?" a. what signs and symptoms has your child been having? b. Will a family member be able to stay with the child most of the time? c. How long have you known your child's diagnosis? d. what are your child's favorite books, activities and toys? (answer) Will a family member be able to stay with the child most of the time? A community health nurse is providing instructions to a group of mothers regarding the safe use of car seats for toddlers. The nurse determines that the mother of a toddler understands the instructions if the mother states which of the following? a. The care seat can be placed in a face-forward position when the height of the toddler is 27 inches b. The car seat should never be placed in a face-forward position c. the car seat can be placed in a face-forward position at any time ar seat is suitable for the toddler until the toddler reaches the weight of 40 pounds "When administering a liquid medication to an uncooperative toddler, the nurse would implement which strategy?" a. allow the parents to remain the room b. remove the child to another room away from the parents c. restrain the child in a high chair d. restrain the child in a papoose restraining device (answer) allow the parents to remain the room A toddler is admitted to the hospital for fever of unknown origin. The mother's time at the hospital is limited to the hours that her other children are in school. The nurse shows an understanding of a toddler's psychosocial development by making which statement to the mother? it is better to leave without saying good-bye, so your child will not be upset b. your child is too old to be having separation anxiety. Crying is just a way for ts d. games like peek-a-boo and hide and seek will help your child understand that you will return (answer) games like peek-a-boo and hide and seek will help your child understand that you will return cabinet. The nurse ke what action immediately? a. call the poison give the child a glass of carbonated beverage to drink take the child to the ER try to determine how much mouse poison the child consumed (answer) call the poison control center nstructs the parents that if the child comes in A home care nurse visits a 3-year-old child with chickenpox. The child's mother tells the nurse that the child keeps scratching the skin at night and asks the nurse what to do. The nurse tells the mother to: a. apply generous amounts of cortisone cream to prevent itching b. place soft cotton gloves on the child's hands at night c. keep the child in a warm room at night so the covers will not cause the child to scratch d. give the child a glass of warm milk at bedtime to help the child sleep (answer) place soft cotton gloves on the child's hands at night A clinic nurse is providing home care instructions to the mother of a 3-year-old child with a diagnosis of vomiting and diarrhea due to gastroenteritis. The nurse instructs the mother to give the child which of the following to maintain hydration status? a. popsicles b. soda pop apple juice A nurse is collecting data on a child suspected of having rheumatic fever. The nurse plans to obtain specific data regarding recent illnesses in the child and asks the parent which question? infection of the throat? has the child had a recent case of otitis media? has the child had a recent case of pneumonia (answer) has the child had a recent streptococcal infection of the throat? A child is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of acute rheumatic fever. The nurse analyzes the laboratory results and determines that which of the following findings would confirm the likelihood of acute rheumatic fever? a. increased leukocyte count d. decreased erythrocyte sedimentation rate (answer) increased antibody level A child is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of acute rheumatic fever. The nurse reviews the blood laboratory findings knowing that which of the following will confirm the likelihood of this disorder? a. increased leukocyte count nt increased antistreptolysin-O (ASO) decreased erthrocyte sedimentation rate (answer) increased antistreptolysin-O (ASO) has your child had difficulty urinating? has any family member had a sore throat within the past few weeks? has any family member had a gastrointestinal disorder in the past few weeks? has your child been exposed to anyone with chickenpox? (answer) has any family s? "A child with a tracheal obstruction is brought to the emergency room by emergency medical services. The child has aspirated a marble, and the foreign body is removed in the emergency room by direct laryngoscopy. After the procedure, the nurse informs the mother of the child that:" the child will need to return to the hospital for a chest x-ray in 1 week the child will require a bronchoscopy for follow up evaluation in 1 month (answer) the child will need to be hospitalized for observation A nurse is teaching the client taking medications by inhalation about the advantages of a newly prescribed spacer device. The nurse determines the need for further teaching if the client states that the spacer device: a. reduces the frequency of medication to only once per day b. reduces the chance of yeast infection because large drops arn't deposited on the oral tissues c. disperses medication more deeply and uniformly d. reduces the need to coordinate timing between pressing the inhaler and inspiration (answer) reduces the frequency of medication to only once per day A client is taking albuterol (Ventolin) by inhalation but cannot cough up secretions. The nurse teaches the client to do which of the following to best help clear the bronchial secretions? "A client taking albuterol (Ventolin) experiences a severe episode of wheezing, which the nurse interprets as bronchospasm. A telephone call is made to the physician's office to report the occurrence. The nurse does which of the following while waiting for the physician to return the call?" administer the next dose of albuterol as scheduled withholds the next dose of albuterol administer a double dose of albuterol sters half the dose of albuterol (answer) withholds the next dose of albuterol "A client is unable to expectorate sputum for a sputum sample, and the nurse is preparing to obtain the sample via saline inhalation. The nurse instructs the client to inhale the warm saline vapor via nebulizer by:" a. hold the nebulizer under the nose r the mouthpiece keeping the lips closed tightly over the mouthpiece alternating one vapor breath with one breath from room air (answer) keeping the lips closed lightly over the mouthpiece tetralogy nfant as quiet as possible low the infant to be held only when the d. provide a consistent routine, as well as touching, rocking, and cuddling throughout the hospitalization (answer) provide a consistent routine, as well as touching, rocking, and cuddling throughout the hospitalization A nurse is developing a postoperative plan of care for an infant who will undergo a pyloromyotomy for the treatment of hypertrophic pyloric stenosis. The nurse documents in the plan that the infant should be placed in which position in the postoperative period? a. supine with the head of the bed elevated b. prone with the head of the bed elevated c. flat on the nonoperative side d. flat on the operative side