WGU C165 (Integrated Physical Sciences) Exam Questions and Answers (Latest Graded A+ 2023/2024)

A chemist places 250 grams of liquid water into a beaker. The volume of the liquid water is 250 milliliters. The chemist then freezes the water. After it is frozen, the ice has a volume of 273 milliliters. What is the mass of the ice250 grams 39. When baking soda is added to vinegar, a chemical reaction occurs. The reaction produces carbon dioxide gas, and a liquid solution consisting mostly of water and a salt called sodium acetate. How is mass affected in this reaction, according to the law of conservation of matterThe total mass of baking soda and vinegar must equal the total mass of carbon dioxide and the liquid solution. 40. In which phase change is energy being absorbed from the surroundingsWater boiling on an electric burner 10 / 17 41. What happens when wet clothes dry outside on a warm day The water in the clothes absorbs energy from the air and becomes a gas. 42. Which subatomic particle is located outside the nucleuselectron 43. What charge does a neutron have no charge (neutral) 44. A chocolate chip cookie is made with dough and chocolate chips. Which type of substance is a chocolate chip cookieMixture 45. Which example describes a compoundA substance with sodium atoms bonded to chlorine atoms 46. In which state of matter are particles close together, but able to slide past one anotherLiquid 47. A geologist is doing a risk assessment for a location where the African plate is moving away from the South American plate. Which risk description must the geologist give for this location There is high risk of volcanoes and low risk of large earthquakes. 48. A utility company is considering building a power plant at a location on the Eurasian plate far from any plate boundaries. Which types of risk are present in this locationLow risk of both volcanoes and earthquakes 49. A river flows across a region. As the river flows, it erodes the rock beneathit. Which type of landform will develop if the river continues to flow along a straight pathValley 50. Which landform is produced when sediment is eroded from one side of a river and deposited on the other sideMeander 11 / 17 51. Where is metamorphic rock found in the rock cycleAfter heat and pres- sure 52. The rock layers shown in the illustration have not been disturbed or overturned. Top to Bottom: Limestone (Sedimentary), Shale (Sedimentary), Sandstone (Sedimentary), Granite (Igneous) Which type of environment was present in this region most recently, based on these rock layersA warm, shallow sea 53. The rock layers shown in the illustration have not been disturbed or overturned. Top to Bottom: Limestone (Sedimentary), Shale (Sedimentary), Sandstone (Sedimentary), Marble (Metamorphic) What can be inferred about the geologic history of this area from these 12 / 17 rock layersIt was exposed to high heat and pressure, and then experienced deposition. 54. Through which layer of the atmosphere does a mountaineer climbing a tall mountain ascendTroposphere 55. A meteorologist is studying the formation of a hurricane. Which layer of the atmosphere is the meteorologist studying Troposphere 56. During heavy rains, the soil on a farm is washed away into a nearby river. Which parts of the water cycle result in this loss of soil? Choose 2 answers: Precipitation Runoff 57. Snow falls from the atmosphere and accumulates on a glacier. Which part of the water cycle does this process representPrecipitation 58. A gardener is working in a garden on a hot, humid day. Suddenly, clouds begin to form. Within a few hours, gusty winds and a thunderstorm are passing through the area. After the storms pass, the weather is clear and much cooler. What caused this change in weatherA cold front moved through the area. 59. A hiker needs to select a day for a hike. The hiker examines weather forecasts for the next several days. Which day should the hike be planned for, if the hiker wants to hike on a clear day with no cloudsA day when a high pressure system rests over the area 60. Which of these is an example of climate change caused by natural vari- 13 / 17 ation The low rainfall that helped produce the dust bowl in the American Great Plains 61. What is an example of climate change that can be caused by human activityChanges in average temperature from increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide 62. Earth formed from dust and gases surrounding the sun. Which force pulled the dust and gases together to form Earth Gravitational 63. A galaxy consists of many stars in the same large region of space. Which phenomenon leads stars to group together to form a galaxyGravity between stars 64. What is true during summer in the northern hemisphereThe northern hemisphere receives more direct sunlight than in the winter. 14 / 17 65. A car is moving forward and its brakes are being applied. Which of the following is trueThe car's velocity is forward, and its acceleration is backward. 66. You are pushing a file cabinet across a floor in a straight line at a constant speed. Which of the following can you correctly conclude about the forces acting on the file cabinet 67. A car moves forward along a horizontal road in a straight line at constant speed. The net force on the car is: zero 68. Inertia is an object's: tendency to remain stationary or continue moving in the same way 69. The mass of an object measures:: the object's resistance to being accelerated 70. Which of the following is used to increase frictionscattering sand on icy roads 71. The force that slows down a person falling with a parachute is called: air resistance 72. If the distance between two objects increases, the force of gravity between them:: 73. A car decreases its speed from 40 miles per hour to 20 miles per hour. Its linear momentum: is half as much 74. In physics, work is: 75. Which of the following statements is correctKinetic energy is the energy an object has as a result of its motion, and potential energy is the energy 15 / 17 an object has due to its position or deformation. 76. A truck increases its speed. What happens to its kinetic energy it in- creases 77. In which of the following situations is the object's potential energy changinga child sledding down a hill 78. Which has a greater thermal energy, coffee at 80°C in a cup or water at 80°C in a swimming poolThe water in the pool has a greater thermal energy, because it contains many more molecules, and thermal energy measures the total energy of all the particles. 79. A train traveling 50 mph slows down and stops once the brakes are applied. The train's kinetic energy: changes to the thermal energy of the brakes 16 / 17 80. When energy changes from one type to another, the total energy: remains constant 81. When energy changes from one type to another, the total energy remains constant. The above statement is known as: the law of conservation of energy 82. A jet flying overhead produces sound waves that consist of that is/are transported from the jet to your ears.: energy 83. Which of the following lists of colors is ordered from lowest to highest frequencies 84. If you hit a drum with more force, the sound the drum produces: becomes louder 85. The sun produces its energy in nuclear reactions. The radiation that arrives at Earth from the sun consists of: only electromagnetic waves 86. The wavelength of a transverse wave travelling in a rope is: the distance from crest to crest or trough to trough 87. In general, the the wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation, the more damaging the radiation is to cells.: shorter 88. In hospitals, medical instruments are usually sterilized by : 89. Most of the sun's UV-C radiation is absorbed by Earth's: atmosphere 90. Which of the following is NOT a property of matterhas the capacity to do work and cause change 91. Which subatomic particle is located outside the nucleus 17 / 17 electrons 92. Which subatomic particle has approximately the same mass as the protonthe neutron 93. What is shared or transferred when a chemical bond is formed valence electrons 94. How is a compound formedElectrons are transferred or shared between atoms. 95. Which of the following is an elementcopper 96. In white phosphorus, four phosphorus atoms are covalently bonded together. The chemical formula for white phosphorus is P4. What type of chemical is P4a molecule and an element 18 / 17 97. A liquid of unknown composition is heated. The liquid evaporates, and a white powder is left behind. Was the unknown substance a pure substance or a mixturemixture