Life Span Final Exam 2023 Questions and Answers 100%
Verified
Theories of development differ from opinion primarily because
They are based on Scientific Research
Stage theories of development typically describe ____________ changes in
behavior, cognition, or social relationships.
qualitative
Models of development which hold that change occurs as a continuous process
are called
incremental models
In Bronfenbrenner's model, proximal processes refer to
reciprocal interactions between an organism and its immediate environment.
Juan, a 7-month-old infant, lives in a city where the availability of high quality
child care is very limited. His mother is forced to leave Juan in the care of a
young woman who also cares for five other infants and toddlers in her small
apartment. According to Bronfenbrenner's theory, which of the following
influences on Juan's development represents an example of a proximal process?
The quality of care-giving Juan receives in day care
Contemporary developmentalists focus on which question concerning nature and
nurture?
How do we explain the mechanisms by which nature and nurture interact
to affect development?
A group of people characterized by shared traditions, attitudes, values, and
beliefs handed down from one generation to another constitute
an ethnic group
The measure of social status that combines aspects of education background,
income, and occupation is called
socioeconomic status
In lifespan developmental theories, significant developmental changes are
thought to be largely complete by
death
The idea that children's development is affected by biological factors, and that
biological factors are also affected by the environment and experience, is part of
multidimensional systems theories
Based on your knowledge of prenatal development, which of the following
sequences would you expect to be correct?
The heart begins to form before the hands
When she was pregnant with Joey, Joey's mother had a poor diet because food
was in short supply in her war-torn country. The war ended after Joey was born,
and his middle-class mother was able to provide him with adequate, nutritious
food throughout his childhood. Which of the following outcomes is the most
likely for Joey?
Joey is at greater risk of serious ongoing health problems than youngsters
who have adequate prenatal nutrition.
, The available data indicate that chronic maternal stress during pregnancy has
which of the following effects on the fetus?
Is related to newborn hyperactivity and irritability
The brain is commonly classified into three main parts. They are
forebrain, midbrain and hindbrain.
Which of the following statements is most accurate with regard to Piaget's
theory?
Piaget firmly believed that children who were at a particular stage of cognitive
development had the same level of understanding in all areas, such as understanding
causality, morality, agency, etc.
Normally developing motor and visual milestones for a 4-month-old include
rolling over, reaching for objects, visual tracking moving objects
Developmentalists study what infants and children understand about other
people's intentions, desires, beliefs, feelings, and so on. This field of study is
referred to as
theory of mind
Which cognitive achievement underlies a baby's ability to form an attachment to a
specific adult, like a parent or other caregiver?
object permanence
Sam is at home with his two children, 3-year-old Daria and 6-week-old Keith. Sam
is reading a story to Daria when baby Keith wakes up and screams for his bottle.
Daria gets very upset when Sam leaves her to tend to the baby. Sam tries to
explain to his daughter that her baby brother can't wait, but Daria continues to
insist. Sam is concerned that Daria is not accepting her new baby brother. Based
on your understanding of preschoolers cognitive development, what would you
tell Sam?
Daria is probably exhibiting normal cognitive egocentrism because she cannot fully
understand the needs of another person yet.
Which of the development?
following is the best example of the concept of a zone of proximal?
Cindy explains to her younger sister how to solve a problem in math by organizing the
information in a new way. Her younger sister can then complete her homework.
One important lesson that people in helping professional can take from Piaget's
and Vygotsky's work is that?
understanding how young clients think can help in structuring interventions that build
effectively on existing knowledge and meanings
Beginning in the first hours after birth, caregivers interaction with infants in ways
that affect and attention, such as
smiling, affectionate touching, and high-pitched vocalizations.
If a mother and baby are cooing and smiling at each other, and then the mother
withdraws and becomes unresponsive, the typical infant will first engage in
____________, and then in ____________.
other-directed coping behaviors / self-directed coping behaviors
According to Bowlby's attachment theory, which of the following purpose(s) have
attachment systems evolved to serve, for both the younger and the older infant?
Assuring survival and security
Verified
Theories of development differ from opinion primarily because
They are based on Scientific Research
Stage theories of development typically describe ____________ changes in
behavior, cognition, or social relationships.
qualitative
Models of development which hold that change occurs as a continuous process
are called
incremental models
In Bronfenbrenner's model, proximal processes refer to
reciprocal interactions between an organism and its immediate environment.
Juan, a 7-month-old infant, lives in a city where the availability of high quality
child care is very limited. His mother is forced to leave Juan in the care of a
young woman who also cares for five other infants and toddlers in her small
apartment. According to Bronfenbrenner's theory, which of the following
influences on Juan's development represents an example of a proximal process?
The quality of care-giving Juan receives in day care
Contemporary developmentalists focus on which question concerning nature and
nurture?
How do we explain the mechanisms by which nature and nurture interact
to affect development?
A group of people characterized by shared traditions, attitudes, values, and
beliefs handed down from one generation to another constitute
an ethnic group
The measure of social status that combines aspects of education background,
income, and occupation is called
socioeconomic status
In lifespan developmental theories, significant developmental changes are
thought to be largely complete by
death
The idea that children's development is affected by biological factors, and that
biological factors are also affected by the environment and experience, is part of
multidimensional systems theories
Based on your knowledge of prenatal development, which of the following
sequences would you expect to be correct?
The heart begins to form before the hands
When she was pregnant with Joey, Joey's mother had a poor diet because food
was in short supply in her war-torn country. The war ended after Joey was born,
and his middle-class mother was able to provide him with adequate, nutritious
food throughout his childhood. Which of the following outcomes is the most
likely for Joey?
Joey is at greater risk of serious ongoing health problems than youngsters
who have adequate prenatal nutrition.
, The available data indicate that chronic maternal stress during pregnancy has
which of the following effects on the fetus?
Is related to newborn hyperactivity and irritability
The brain is commonly classified into three main parts. They are
forebrain, midbrain and hindbrain.
Which of the following statements is most accurate with regard to Piaget's
theory?
Piaget firmly believed that children who were at a particular stage of cognitive
development had the same level of understanding in all areas, such as understanding
causality, morality, agency, etc.
Normally developing motor and visual milestones for a 4-month-old include
rolling over, reaching for objects, visual tracking moving objects
Developmentalists study what infants and children understand about other
people's intentions, desires, beliefs, feelings, and so on. This field of study is
referred to as
theory of mind
Which cognitive achievement underlies a baby's ability to form an attachment to a
specific adult, like a parent or other caregiver?
object permanence
Sam is at home with his two children, 3-year-old Daria and 6-week-old Keith. Sam
is reading a story to Daria when baby Keith wakes up and screams for his bottle.
Daria gets very upset when Sam leaves her to tend to the baby. Sam tries to
explain to his daughter that her baby brother can't wait, but Daria continues to
insist. Sam is concerned that Daria is not accepting her new baby brother. Based
on your understanding of preschoolers cognitive development, what would you
tell Sam?
Daria is probably exhibiting normal cognitive egocentrism because she cannot fully
understand the needs of another person yet.
Which of the development?
following is the best example of the concept of a zone of proximal?
Cindy explains to her younger sister how to solve a problem in math by organizing the
information in a new way. Her younger sister can then complete her homework.
One important lesson that people in helping professional can take from Piaget's
and Vygotsky's work is that?
understanding how young clients think can help in structuring interventions that build
effectively on existing knowledge and meanings
Beginning in the first hours after birth, caregivers interaction with infants in ways
that affect and attention, such as
smiling, affectionate touching, and high-pitched vocalizations.
If a mother and baby are cooing and smiling at each other, and then the mother
withdraws and becomes unresponsive, the typical infant will first engage in
____________, and then in ____________.
other-directed coping behaviors / self-directed coping behaviors
According to Bowlby's attachment theory, which of the following purpose(s) have
attachment systems evolved to serve, for both the younger and the older infant?
Assuring survival and security
