HS 2611 Nutrition Notes
1. What is one of the limitations of using BMI (Body Mass Index) as a measure of personal
health? (Ans: BMI does not distinguish how much of the weight is due to muscle
mass, which weighs more than fat, and can therefore be completely inaccurate)
2. Which of the following statements are characteristic of high-quality clinical intervention
trial studies? (Ans: ALL)
3. According to the American Public Health Association (APHA), what is NOT a
characteristic of a sustainable food system? (Ans: privileged)
4. Which of the following groups of vitamins are categorized as fat-soluble vitamins? (Ans:
A, D, E, K)
5. Which of the following statements is NOT considered a limitation of Epidemiological
studies? (Ans: These types of studies are very expensive and cannot always be
conducted)
6. Why should you ensure adequate consumption of fat in your diet? (Ans: One of its
functions is to act as a signaling molecule for proper cellular communication)
7. Which of the following is NOT a suggestion from the 2010 Dietary Guidelines to achieve
a healthier diet? (Ans: Decrease your intake of dietary fiber)
8. Which statement is true about the AI for a given nutrient? (Ans: They are sufficient to
establish nutrient-intake goals for a healthy target group)
9. What is the percentage of the daily value (percent DV)? (Ans: The percentage of the
amount of the nutrient in the food in relation to its recommended intake)
10. If you were recommending to a friend to begin making healthy food substitutions, what
would be a good first step? (Ans: Fried vegetables -- > Steamed or roasted vegetables)
11. Which of the following statements is true?
Select one:
a.
Fast-releasing carbohydrates can be found in fruits, fruit juices, dairy products, and sweets
b.
At this time conclusive evidence is not available on whether fructose is any worse than any other
added sugar in increasing the risk for obesity, Type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease.
,c.
A study in The Journal of Nutrition concluded that when obese women incorporated physical
activity into their weight-management strategy, all diets (independent of carbohydrate, fat, and
protein content) led to a significant decrease in weight and waist circumference.
d.
Slow-releasing carbohydrates can be found in starch vegetables, whole grains, and beans.
e.
All of the above.
12. Which of the following statements about each organ system is correct?
Select one:
a.
Circulatory system: consists of heart, blood, brain, and blood vessels
b.
Muscular system: function is to harvest the nutrients in blood and exchange metabolic wastes
c.
Central nervous system: requires more than 20% of the energy obtained by nutrients and
main fuel source is glucose
d.
Immune system: proper function of this system does not depend on adequate intake of dietary
nutrients
e.
Endocrine system: made up of various glands (e.g., pituitary, thyroid, testes) that secrete
biological molecules called white blood cells into the blood and lymph
13. Which of the following terms is defined as a semi-liquid mass composed of partially
digested food mixed with gastric juices secreted by cells in the stomach? (Ans: Chyme)
14. Which of the following statements is true?
Select one:
a.
The liver readily converts glucose molecules to galactose, because glucose is less stable than
galactose.
,b.
Lactose is commonly found in dairy products and composed of one galactose unit and one
sucrose unit.
c.
Fructose is one of the least common monosaccharides found in nature
d.
One type of function fiber is amylopectin husk, and it has been shown to lower blood-cholesterol
levels
e.
Very little energy is released when eating raw foods containing starches because they are
not easy to digest if you do not cook them first.
15. Which of the following is not a primary function of carbohydrates in the body? (Ans:
Provide the initial reagents required for glycolysis)
16. What is the definition of metabolic homeostasis? (Ans: When the energy provided by
the nutrients consumed and absorbed is equal to the energy required to carry out
life’s biological processes)
17. Which of the following statements about salivary amylase is FALSE?
Select one:
a.
Only 5% of starches are broken down into the mouth
b.
As carbohydrates move into the stomach, they continue to be broken down by salivary
amylase
c.
It is an enzyme that can break down the glycosidic bonds that hold together monomeric sugar
units of disaccharides, oligosaccharides, and amylose.
d.
Maltose and dextrins are smaller chains of glucose that are produced from the chemical
breakdown of amylose and amylpectin.
e.
, The acidic conditions of the stomach prevents salivary amylase from breaking down
carbohydrates.
18. Which of the following statements are appropriate for complementing protein sources the
vegan way? (Ans: If you eat legumes, you need to add grains, nuts, and seeds to make
up for lacking methionine and tryptophan)
19. Which of the following is a possible health problem that may occur due to
hyperlipidemia? (Ans: heart attack, congestive heart, failure obesity, ischemic stroke,
all of the above)
20. Which of the following statements about vegetarians is TRUE? (Ans: Lacto-vegetarians
eat dairy products but do not eat eggs)
21. Which of the following statements about saturated fats and cholesterol is FALSE? (Ans:
monosaturated fats are beneficial to your health because they lower back cholesterol
but also lower good cholesterol)
22. Which of the following statements about proteins is FALSE? Space (Ans: proteins have
up to five different levels of structures making them more complex than
carbohydrates or lipids)
23. Which of the following suggestions are to balance your diet with carbohydrates? (Ans:
eat snacks high in fiber such as almonds, pistachios, raisins and air-popped-
popcorn)
24. Which of the following statements about digestion is FALSE? (A high protein or high
carbohydrate meal takes longer to break down than one rich in fat)
25. What is the cause of lactose intolerance? (A deficiency in the enzyme that breaks down
lactose into galactose and glucose; this causes incomplete digestion of lactose)
26. Which of the following is NOT an example of a simple carbohydrate? (Ans: Glycogen)
27. Which of the following statements are TRUE about the AMDR? (Ans: All of the above)
1. What is one of the limitations of using BMI (Body Mass Index) as a measure of personal
health? (Ans: BMI does not distinguish how much of the weight is due to muscle
mass, which weighs more than fat, and can therefore be completely inaccurate)
2. Which of the following statements are characteristic of high-quality clinical intervention
trial studies? (Ans: ALL)
3. According to the American Public Health Association (APHA), what is NOT a
characteristic of a sustainable food system? (Ans: privileged)
4. Which of the following groups of vitamins are categorized as fat-soluble vitamins? (Ans:
A, D, E, K)
5. Which of the following statements is NOT considered a limitation of Epidemiological
studies? (Ans: These types of studies are very expensive and cannot always be
conducted)
6. Why should you ensure adequate consumption of fat in your diet? (Ans: One of its
functions is to act as a signaling molecule for proper cellular communication)
7. Which of the following is NOT a suggestion from the 2010 Dietary Guidelines to achieve
a healthier diet? (Ans: Decrease your intake of dietary fiber)
8. Which statement is true about the AI for a given nutrient? (Ans: They are sufficient to
establish nutrient-intake goals for a healthy target group)
9. What is the percentage of the daily value (percent DV)? (Ans: The percentage of the
amount of the nutrient in the food in relation to its recommended intake)
10. If you were recommending to a friend to begin making healthy food substitutions, what
would be a good first step? (Ans: Fried vegetables -- > Steamed or roasted vegetables)
11. Which of the following statements is true?
Select one:
a.
Fast-releasing carbohydrates can be found in fruits, fruit juices, dairy products, and sweets
b.
At this time conclusive evidence is not available on whether fructose is any worse than any other
added sugar in increasing the risk for obesity, Type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease.
,c.
A study in The Journal of Nutrition concluded that when obese women incorporated physical
activity into their weight-management strategy, all diets (independent of carbohydrate, fat, and
protein content) led to a significant decrease in weight and waist circumference.
d.
Slow-releasing carbohydrates can be found in starch vegetables, whole grains, and beans.
e.
All of the above.
12. Which of the following statements about each organ system is correct?
Select one:
a.
Circulatory system: consists of heart, blood, brain, and blood vessels
b.
Muscular system: function is to harvest the nutrients in blood and exchange metabolic wastes
c.
Central nervous system: requires more than 20% of the energy obtained by nutrients and
main fuel source is glucose
d.
Immune system: proper function of this system does not depend on adequate intake of dietary
nutrients
e.
Endocrine system: made up of various glands (e.g., pituitary, thyroid, testes) that secrete
biological molecules called white blood cells into the blood and lymph
13. Which of the following terms is defined as a semi-liquid mass composed of partially
digested food mixed with gastric juices secreted by cells in the stomach? (Ans: Chyme)
14. Which of the following statements is true?
Select one:
a.
The liver readily converts glucose molecules to galactose, because glucose is less stable than
galactose.
,b.
Lactose is commonly found in dairy products and composed of one galactose unit and one
sucrose unit.
c.
Fructose is one of the least common monosaccharides found in nature
d.
One type of function fiber is amylopectin husk, and it has been shown to lower blood-cholesterol
levels
e.
Very little energy is released when eating raw foods containing starches because they are
not easy to digest if you do not cook them first.
15. Which of the following is not a primary function of carbohydrates in the body? (Ans:
Provide the initial reagents required for glycolysis)
16. What is the definition of metabolic homeostasis? (Ans: When the energy provided by
the nutrients consumed and absorbed is equal to the energy required to carry out
life’s biological processes)
17. Which of the following statements about salivary amylase is FALSE?
Select one:
a.
Only 5% of starches are broken down into the mouth
b.
As carbohydrates move into the stomach, they continue to be broken down by salivary
amylase
c.
It is an enzyme that can break down the glycosidic bonds that hold together monomeric sugar
units of disaccharides, oligosaccharides, and amylose.
d.
Maltose and dextrins are smaller chains of glucose that are produced from the chemical
breakdown of amylose and amylpectin.
e.
, The acidic conditions of the stomach prevents salivary amylase from breaking down
carbohydrates.
18. Which of the following statements are appropriate for complementing protein sources the
vegan way? (Ans: If you eat legumes, you need to add grains, nuts, and seeds to make
up for lacking methionine and tryptophan)
19. Which of the following is a possible health problem that may occur due to
hyperlipidemia? (Ans: heart attack, congestive heart, failure obesity, ischemic stroke,
all of the above)
20. Which of the following statements about vegetarians is TRUE? (Ans: Lacto-vegetarians
eat dairy products but do not eat eggs)
21. Which of the following statements about saturated fats and cholesterol is FALSE? (Ans:
monosaturated fats are beneficial to your health because they lower back cholesterol
but also lower good cholesterol)
22. Which of the following statements about proteins is FALSE? Space (Ans: proteins have
up to five different levels of structures making them more complex than
carbohydrates or lipids)
23. Which of the following suggestions are to balance your diet with carbohydrates? (Ans:
eat snacks high in fiber such as almonds, pistachios, raisins and air-popped-
popcorn)
24. Which of the following statements about digestion is FALSE? (A high protein or high
carbohydrate meal takes longer to break down than one rich in fat)
25. What is the cause of lactose intolerance? (A deficiency in the enzyme that breaks down
lactose into galactose and glucose; this causes incomplete digestion of lactose)
26. Which of the following is NOT an example of a simple carbohydrate? (Ans: Glycogen)
27. Which of the following statements are TRUE about the AMDR? (Ans: All of the above)
