General Chemistry 1
WEEK 2
ATOMS, MOLECULES, AND IONS
ATOMIC THEORY OF MATTER
Democrit (Greek philosopher) believed
us that there was a smallest
particle— “atomos” (uncuttable, ATOMIC THEORY
indivisible)—that made up all of
nature.
Experiments in the eighteenth
and nineteenth centuries led to
an
organized atomic theory by John
Dalton in the early 1800s, which
explained several laws known at
that time:
– The law of constant
composition
– The law of conservation of
mass
– The law of multiple
proportions
LAW OF CONSTANT COMPOSITION DISCOVERY OF ATOMIC STRUCTURE
Joseph Proust (1754-1826)
Also known as the law of definite
proportions. SUBTOPIC 3
(1) The elemental composition of TER Definition
a pure substance never varies. M
(2) In a given compound, the NOTE
relative numbers and kinds of Additional info
atoms are constant.
(3) Basis of Dalton’s Postulate #4
TOPIC 2
LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MASS (MATTER) Info about topic 2
Info about topic 2
Antoine Laurent Lavoisier (1743-1794)
(1) The total mass of substances ENUMERATION
present at the end of a chemical 1 Info
process is the same as the mass
of substances present before the CHECKLIST
process took place. ü
(2) Can’t create matter in a ü
chemical reaction! ü
(3) Basis of Dalton’s Postulate #3
2 Info
LAW OF MULTIPLE PROPORTIONS 3 Info
John Dalton (1766-1844) 4 Info
(1) If two elements A and B TOPIC 3
combine to form more than one
compound, the masses of B that Insert photo
can combine with a given mass
of A are in the ratio of small
whole numbers.
AUTHOR’S INITIALS
1
WEEK 2
ATOMS, MOLECULES, AND IONS
ATOMIC THEORY OF MATTER
Democrit (Greek philosopher) believed
us that there was a smallest
particle— “atomos” (uncuttable, ATOMIC THEORY
indivisible)—that made up all of
nature.
Experiments in the eighteenth
and nineteenth centuries led to
an
organized atomic theory by John
Dalton in the early 1800s, which
explained several laws known at
that time:
– The law of constant
composition
– The law of conservation of
mass
– The law of multiple
proportions
LAW OF CONSTANT COMPOSITION DISCOVERY OF ATOMIC STRUCTURE
Joseph Proust (1754-1826)
Also known as the law of definite
proportions. SUBTOPIC 3
(1) The elemental composition of TER Definition
a pure substance never varies. M
(2) In a given compound, the NOTE
relative numbers and kinds of Additional info
atoms are constant.
(3) Basis of Dalton’s Postulate #4
TOPIC 2
LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MASS (MATTER) Info about topic 2
Info about topic 2
Antoine Laurent Lavoisier (1743-1794)
(1) The total mass of substances ENUMERATION
present at the end of a chemical 1 Info
process is the same as the mass
of substances present before the CHECKLIST
process took place. ü
(2) Can’t create matter in a ü
chemical reaction! ü
(3) Basis of Dalton’s Postulate #3
2 Info
LAW OF MULTIPLE PROPORTIONS 3 Info
John Dalton (1766-1844) 4 Info
(1) If two elements A and B TOPIC 3
combine to form more than one
compound, the masses of B that Insert photo
can combine with a given mass
of A are in the ratio of small
whole numbers.
AUTHOR’S INITIALS
1
