LDA-50 Exam #1, Top Questions and answers, graded A+

LDA-50 Exam #1, Top Questions and answers, graded A+ Describe the steps in a typical (generic) site planning and design process. - -Goal & Objective, Inventory, Analysis, Design & Alternatives, Implementation, Monitoring/Reassessment How do plate tectonics create mountain ranges? Which plate does the Coast Range come from? - -Movement & collided plate tectonics. The Coast Range are formed from Farallon Plate and subduction w. Kula plates Describe the age of the geologic formations in California. Which are the oldest and youngest (recent)? - -About 1 billion??? Describe the variables in the soil formation equation by Hans Jenny. - -soil = f(P+C+B+T)+ time P = Parent Material C = Climate B = Biota T = Topography Discuss the soil properties of drainage. How does the presence of vegetation affect drainage? - -Infiltration: rate of surface penetration Permeability: rate that water moves through a volume of material Percolation: the downward & outward motion of water through soil to groundwater Describe 2 mechanical weathering processes of rock that creates soil. - -Mechanical weathering: combined action of water, wind, & temperature will flake the surface of the rock chemical weathering: presence of water, oxygen, and acid What is mineralization? - -The biological process of organic material breakdown into simpler compounds of organic or inorganic forms available for plant uptake. Bacteria and fungi are big contributors of this process What is stream order? Give an example - -First orders streams that meet = Second Order Stream Second Order Stream that meets = Third Order Stream... So and So on Identify and describe the environmental variables used to create the Sunset climate map. - -Topography, precipitation, growing season, winter low temp, summer high temp, humidity, latitude, oceanic and continental air masses. What is a microclimate? How can a microclimate change over time? How does topographic aspect influence the microclimate? Describe the rain shadow effect. Why does this occur? Give an example. - -• Shade - Vegetation canopy - Underground refuge - Sun angle (by season) • Topography - Aspect (north, south, east, or west facing slopes) - Rain shadow effect ( Rain shadow effect ('orographic orographic' effect) effect) • Water - Proximity to water bodies (ocean or lake) • Urban heat island (or heat dome) effect Rain Shadow Effect = this is when the windward side of a mountain gets all the water, therefore has a higher level of vegetation and associated animals, whereas the leeward side is dry and dead. (ex. North America with the Sierra Nevada of the island of Kohala in Hawaii) What is the rational method? How is Qv (volume of flow) calculated using the rational method? - -Rational Method = e calculated runoff volume Qv = (A) x (c) x (R) Qv = volume of discharge A = Drainage Area c = coefficient of runoff R = intensity of rainfall