Ebersole & Hess Healthy Aging | Questions and Answers with complete solution

n aging lungs, the following increase or decrease: residual capacity compliance chemoreceptor function PO2, pH, PCO2 cilia function cough reflex - residual capacity - increases (dead space) compliance - decreases chemoreceptor function - decreases (less sensitivity to hypercapnia/hypoxia) PO2, pH, PCO2 - PO2 declines, the other two shouldn't change cilia function - decreased cough reflex - decreased Incomplete lung expansion can lead to what common finding on auscultation? - atelectasis @ bilateral bases gold standard for dx COPD - spirometry most COPDs caused by? - tobacco COPD onset is acute or insidious? - insidious - long asymptomatic stage, by the time s/s appear, 50% of lung function may be lostCOPD s/s - wheezing, *cough (primary smoker's symptom)*, SOB c exertion, inc phlegm late: pursed-lip breathing tripoding barrel chest c hyperresonance clubbing COPD exacerbation marked by - - spirometry 150mL - worsened orthopnea/PND - RR 30 Those @ inc risk for asthma: - Children Over 65 Adult women, boy children Multiracial PR Living in NE USA Below poverty level Workplace exposure Asthma triggers - tobacco smoke dust mites air pollution cockroaches pets moldwood/grass smoke URIs strong odors cold air