NURS 328 Unit 7 Quantitative Research Design
Questions With Complete Solutions
Research design correct answer: spells out researcher's
strategies for obtaining information that is accurate and
interpretable:
-will there be an intervention?
-what types of comparison will be made?
-how will extraneous variables be controlled?
-when and how often will data be collected?
-what setting will the study take place in?
Experimental Designs vs Nonexperimental Designs correct
answer: one key difference - researchers using an experimental
design are active agents rather than passive observers
Three properties of an experiment correct answer: 1-
manipulation (vary the independant variables
2- control (control vs experimental groups)
3- randomization
Basic experimental designs: correct answer: Pretest-Posttest
design (observation of the dependent variable at two points of
time - before and after the treatment)
Posttest-only design - most basic, radomizing subjects to
different groups and subsequently measuring the dependent
variables.
Factorial Designs correct answer: (Between subjects designs)
, manipulation of two or more variables simultaneously
-allows chance to address more questions
-main effect from manipulated variables
-subjects randomized to a cell
-independent variables are called 'factors'
Crossover Design correct answer: (Within subjects design)
-participants exposed to more than one treatment
-a 'true experiment' only when subjects are randomly assigned
and subjects act as their own control gourd
-not appropriate for all studies as there is possible carry-over
effects (from other tx)
Experimental and control conditions correct answer: Protocols -
stipulate exactly what tx the experimental gourd will receive
Counter factual -control group condition specifies what exactly
the control will receive or will not receive.
Lazarsfeld 3 factors for causality correct answer: 1-cause must
precede effect
2- must be an empirical relationship between cause and effect
3-relationship cannot be d/t influence of a third variable
Limitations of experiments: correct answer: -not all variables
are amenable to manipulation
-characteristics can't be randomized on people
-variables may be manipulated, but may not be ethical to do so
Hawthorne Effect correct answer: term derived from a series of
experiments done at the Hawthorne Plant of Wester Electric
Corporation where environmental factors were manipulated
Questions With Complete Solutions
Research design correct answer: spells out researcher's
strategies for obtaining information that is accurate and
interpretable:
-will there be an intervention?
-what types of comparison will be made?
-how will extraneous variables be controlled?
-when and how often will data be collected?
-what setting will the study take place in?
Experimental Designs vs Nonexperimental Designs correct
answer: one key difference - researchers using an experimental
design are active agents rather than passive observers
Three properties of an experiment correct answer: 1-
manipulation (vary the independant variables
2- control (control vs experimental groups)
3- randomization
Basic experimental designs: correct answer: Pretest-Posttest
design (observation of the dependent variable at two points of
time - before and after the treatment)
Posttest-only design - most basic, radomizing subjects to
different groups and subsequently measuring the dependent
variables.
Factorial Designs correct answer: (Between subjects designs)
, manipulation of two or more variables simultaneously
-allows chance to address more questions
-main effect from manipulated variables
-subjects randomized to a cell
-independent variables are called 'factors'
Crossover Design correct answer: (Within subjects design)
-participants exposed to more than one treatment
-a 'true experiment' only when subjects are randomly assigned
and subjects act as their own control gourd
-not appropriate for all studies as there is possible carry-over
effects (from other tx)
Experimental and control conditions correct answer: Protocols -
stipulate exactly what tx the experimental gourd will receive
Counter factual -control group condition specifies what exactly
the control will receive or will not receive.
Lazarsfeld 3 factors for causality correct answer: 1-cause must
precede effect
2- must be an empirical relationship between cause and effect
3-relationship cannot be d/t influence of a third variable
Limitations of experiments: correct answer: -not all variables
are amenable to manipulation
-characteristics can't be randomized on people
-variables may be manipulated, but may not be ethical to do so
Hawthorne Effect correct answer: term derived from a series of
experiments done at the Hawthorne Plant of Wester Electric
Corporation where environmental factors were manipulated
