WGU BioChemistry C785 - Module 1 Exam Questions with 100% Correct Answers

Central dogma of molecular biology Correct Answer DNA - RNA - Protein a portion of the DNA, a gene, is transcribed to produce a complementary strand of RNA; then the RNA is translated into protein . -The understanding that DNA is used to make RNA and RNA is used to make protein Polymer Correct Answer A long molecule consisting of many similar or identical monomers linked together. ex nucleic acids (dna rna) Nucleotides KEY CONCEPTS Correct Answer -Nucleic acids are polymers of nucleotides. A nucleotide consists of a nitrogenous base, a pentose sugar, and one or more phosphate groups. -DNA contains adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine deoxyribonucleotides, whereas RNA contains adenine, guanine, cytosine, and uracil ribonucleotides. -DNA is double-stranded and forms a double helix structure that allows for information storage. Prior to dividing , a cell copies all of its DNA using -DNA replication to ensure all new cells have the DNA they need. -DNA Replication involves the formation of a replication fork, addition of RNA primers to create a "handle" for DNA polymerase, synthesis of the new DNA strand by DNA polymerase, and sealing the DNA backbone by DNA ligase. -RNA is single-stranded and is grouped into three types of RNA: messenger RNA (mRNA), ribosomal RNA (rRNA), and transfer RNA (tRNA). All three types of RNA play an important role in the central dogma. two types of nucleic acids Correct Answer deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA) DNA and RNA are Correct Answer nucleic acids and polymers, which means they are made up of many smaller units (monomers) connected together, much like a string of pearls. The monomers of nucleic acids are known as nucleotides. Each nucleotide includes a nitrogen-containing base, a five-carbon sugar or pentose (pente means "five" in Greek), and one or more phosphates. The monomers of nucleic acids(DNA and RNA) are known as Correct Answer nucleotides =