1
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,folate deficiency anemia
Folate is another vitamin necessary for DNA synthesis of erythrocytes
Folate deficiency anemia is commonly seen in alcoholics and malnourished people
With this type, there is no enzyme responsible for making sure we absorb the folate. We
are strictly lacking an adequate amount
Folate is found in dark, leafy green vegetables, citrus fruits, beans and nuts
o Folic acid is a synthesized form of folate
Clinical manifestations include:
o Cheilosis - fissures and scales in the mouth
o Stomatitis- inflammation of the mouth
painful ulcers of the tongue
Iron deficiency anemia- is the most common type of anemia
There are many causes, including insufficient iron in the diet, certain medications,
excessive menstrual bleeding in females, or ulcer’s
Iron is important because it is used for the production of HGB
The development occurs slowly through 3 stages:
o Body’s iron stores are depleted. Normal blood cell production occurs
o Now insufficient amounts of iron are transported to the marrow where iron deficit
RBC’s are produced with low amounts of HGB
, o The HGB deficient cells enter circulation to replace the normal aging cells that
are getting ready to die
Clinical manifestations start occurring at stage 3
Early symptoms are non-specific including fatigue, weakness, and SOB
As it become more severe, clinical manifestations can include:
o Koilonychias - the fingernails become brittle and concave or spoon shaped
o the tongue becomes sore and reddened
o the corners of the mouth become dry and sore
Sideroblastic anemia -is another type of anemia
It is characterized by a problem with the synthesis or creation of HGB
In SA, there is plenty of iron, but it is not used correctly to make the HGB
The erythrocytes end up with a little bit of HGB and a circle of iron in the RBC itself
SA’s can be classified as:
o Acquired: the most common and are idiopathic (no known cause)
o Hereditary: this is rare and is almost always found in men
o Reversible: this is associated with alcoholism because the alcohol impairs heme
synthesis
CM’s include those commonly seen with anemia
These people will also have signs of a syndrome called hemosiderosis or iron overload
,2
,folate deficiency anemia
Folate is another vitamin necessary for DNA synthesis of erythrocytes
Folate deficiency anemia is commonly seen in alcoholics and malnourished people
With this type, there is no enzyme responsible for making sure we absorb the folate. We
are strictly lacking an adequate amount
Folate is found in dark, leafy green vegetables, citrus fruits, beans and nuts
o Folic acid is a synthesized form of folate
Clinical manifestations include:
o Cheilosis - fissures and scales in the mouth
o Stomatitis- inflammation of the mouth
painful ulcers of the tongue
Iron deficiency anemia- is the most common type of anemia
There are many causes, including insufficient iron in the diet, certain medications,
excessive menstrual bleeding in females, or ulcer’s
Iron is important because it is used for the production of HGB
The development occurs slowly through 3 stages:
o Body’s iron stores are depleted. Normal blood cell production occurs
o Now insufficient amounts of iron are transported to the marrow where iron deficit
RBC’s are produced with low amounts of HGB
, o The HGB deficient cells enter circulation to replace the normal aging cells that
are getting ready to die
Clinical manifestations start occurring at stage 3
Early symptoms are non-specific including fatigue, weakness, and SOB
As it become more severe, clinical manifestations can include:
o Koilonychias - the fingernails become brittle and concave or spoon shaped
o the tongue becomes sore and reddened
o the corners of the mouth become dry and sore
Sideroblastic anemia -is another type of anemia
It is characterized by a problem with the synthesis or creation of HGB
In SA, there is plenty of iron, but it is not used correctly to make the HGB
The erythrocytes end up with a little bit of HGB and a circle of iron in the RBC itself
SA’s can be classified as:
o Acquired: the most common and are idiopathic (no known cause)
o Hereditary: this is rare and is almost always found in men
o Reversible: this is associated with alcoholism because the alcohol impairs heme
synthesis
CM’s include those commonly seen with anemia
These people will also have signs of a syndrome called hemosiderosis or iron overload
