latest update 2023 A+ GRADED
Acute glomerulonephritis - inflammation of the capillary loops of the renal
glomeruli
Ascites - accumulation of serous fluid in the peritoneal cavity
Cholecystitis - inflammatory process of the gallbladder most commonly due
to obstruction of the cystic duct from cholelithiasis, which may be either
acute or chronic
Cholelithiasis - stone formation in the gallbladder occurs when cirain
substances reach a high concentration in bile and produce crystals
Cirrhosis - diffuse hepatic process characterized by fibrosis and alteration of
normal liver architecture into structurally abnormal nodules
Duodenal ulcer - chronic circumscribed break in the duodenal mucosa that
scars with healing
Irritable bowel syndrome - disorder of intestinal mobility
Lipase - enzyme that acts on emulsified fats
Peristalsis - muscular contractions that move products of digestion through
the alimentary canal
Peritoneum - serous membrane lining the abdominal cavity
Primary hepatocellular carcinoma - frequently arises in the setting
of cirrhosis, approximately 20 to 30 years after liver injury or
disease onset
Pylonephritis - infection of the kidney and renal pelvis
Pyloric stenosis - hypertrophy of the circular muscle of the pylorus leads to
obstruction of the pyloric sphincter
Pylorus - distal section of the stomach
Reflux - backflow caused by relaxation or incompetence of lower esophagus
Renal abscess - localized infection within the medulla or cortex of the kidney
, Renal calculi - stones formed in the pelvis of the kidney from a physiochemical
process associated with obstruction and infections in the urinary tract