NEW UPDATED!! 2023 NCLEX RN Comprehensive
Study Guide Updated May 2023 with Questions, Answers,
and Rationale from Actual Exam
what will damage to the occipital lobe cause? --------- Answer -------- visual disturbances
what do advanced care documents include? --------- Answer -------- healthy care proxy
and living will
if pt comes into ER and says they have the worst HA of their life what could it be ---------
Answer -------- an aneurysm
what is the most important med to give for anaphylactic shock? --------- Answer --------
IM epinephrine
what are mongolian spots? --------- Answer -------- benign discoloration bluish gray but
usually fades
after an amputation, should the residual limb be elevated? --------- Answer -------- NO, to
prevent hip flexion contractures
buck traction --------- Answer -------- immobilizes hip and femur fractures . the weight
pulls the limb into traction. the foot of the bed is elevated
following total hip replacement, how is hip dislocation prevented? --------- Answer --------
using an abductor pillow to maintain hip in a straight position.
dont bend hip more than 90 deg
before starting broad spectrum antibiotics, what must be done? --------- Answer --------
blood culture and sensitivity
what is HELLP related to pregnancy? --------- Answer -------- Hemolysis
Elevated Liver enzymes
Low Platelet
it is a severe sign of preeclampsia. symptoms may be RUQ pain n/v and malaise
normal sodium --------- Answer -------- 135-145
homonymous hemianopsia --------- Answer -------- loss in half of the visual field on the
same side
oxytocin --------- Answer -------- induction or augmentation of labor
should be given by an electronic infusion pump
,requires frequent mother/fetal assessment
adverse affects: maternal hypotension and water intoxication
what are some seizure triggers? --------- Answer -------- excess caffeine, alcohol, sleep
deprivation, and stress
phenytoin --------- Answer -------- gingival hyperplasia
dont give nsaids with nasal polyps --------- Answer --------
dont give beta blockers to asthma patient --------- Answer --------
treat asthma with --------- Answer -------- albuterol. SE: n/v, insomnia, palpitations,
tremor
proton pump inhibitors can increase the risk of --------- Answer -------- C-diff
common proton pump inhibitors PPIs --------- Answer -------- Prazoles: omeprazole,
lansoprazole, etc
heparin is measured thru what levels? --------- Answer -------- PTT
normal wbcs --------- Answer -------- 4,000-11,000
a pt with heparin should have a ptt of 1.5-2 times the normal range which is 25-35 scds
--------- Answer --------
what is the causitive agent of fifth disease? --------- Answer -------- human parvovirus
fifth disease --------- Answer -------- "slapped face"
distinct red rash on cheeks
its on communicable before the onset of symptoms
spreads via respiratory
PKU --------- Answer -------- low phenylalanine diet
specal infant formula
no meat eggs or dairy
warning signs of cancer --------- Answer -------- CAUTION
what do rales (crackles) indicate? --------- Answer -------- fluid in the lungs
proper nasal spray administration --------- Answer -------- high fowlers and head bowed
slightly forward
occlude one nostril and put it in open one
point tip toward side and away from center
,spray while inhaling deeply
normal platelets --------- Answer -------- 150,000-400,000
how to close a hemovac --------- Answer -------- compress to create negative suction
pressure and APPLY PLUG BEFORE RELEASING THE PRESSURE
most important to monitor bulemic pts when? --------- Answer --------
cystic fibrosis --------- Answer -------- chest physiotherapy- to remove secretions that
cause ineffective airway clearance
CF is genetic
HIGH fat HIGH calorie diet
liberal fluid intake
when would you see dry shiny hairless skin? --------- Answer -------- peripheral
atherosclerotic arterial disease
wilms tumor is on the --------- Answer -------- kidney
presents as abnormal bulging on one side of child's abdomen
DO NOT PALPATE ABDOMEN
process for a burn at home --------- Answer -------- soak in cool water to stop buring
process
remove clothing around burn
cover with a clean dry cloth
dont put any meds or anything on the wound
post surgical pts are usually perscrbed which prn med to help from the opioid drugs they
were on --------- Answer -------- naloxone (Narcan) but it wears off in 1-2 hours so be
prepared to give more than once
monitor RR and give oxygen
cushings triad --------- Answer -------- bradycardia, slowed RR, widened pulse pressure
what is the normal pulse rate for a 1 year old --------- Answer -------- 100-160
hypokalemia can cause --------- Answer -------- heart arrythmias and muscle cramps and
weakness
what do you closely monitor when giving furosemide? --------- Answer -------- blood
pressure
potassium
BUN
creatinine
, what type of medication is clopidogrel? --------- Answer -------- antiplatelet
"look, listen, feel" approach --------- Answer --------
ppl with long bone or pelvic fractures are at risk for developing what? --------- Answer ---
----- fat embolism
what patients are considered immunosuppressed? --------- Answer -------- on
steroids/chemo, HIV pos, new post op, multiple chronic co morbidities, splenectomy,
diabetes, very young/elderly
what kind of precautions do you need for open lesions from shingles? --------- Answer --
------ both contact and airborne precautions and a negative airflow room
symptom of macular degeneration --------- Answer -------- loss of central field of vision
seeing small flashes of light is a sign of --------- Answer -------- retinal detachment
what is presbyopia? --------- Answer -------- inability to see things close up
some of the "cin" antibiotics can cause what? --------- Answer -------- prolonged QT
interval and can also cause hepatotoxicity so make sure to check liver function tests
diet for chronic kidney disease --------- Answer -------- restrict fluids, sodium, potassium,
and phosphorus
what wilyl you hear in lungd during atelactasis? --------- Answer -------- fine crackles
(high pitched popping sound)
calcium channel blockers end in --------- Answer -------- "pine"
what are the most important adverse effects of calcium channel blockers? ---------
Answer -------- dizziness, flushing, HA, peripheral edema, and constipation
poor thiamine consumption can lead to wernicke encepalopathy --------- Answer --------
tracheostomy allow for 1 finger to fit under the ties --------- Answer --------
main care with someone with a new tracj --------- Answer -------- prevent dislodgement
what is Docusate --------- Answer -------- stool softener
what is the beers criteria? --------- Answer -------- list of drugs that are dangerous in the
elderly
Study Guide Updated May 2023 with Questions, Answers,
and Rationale from Actual Exam
what will damage to the occipital lobe cause? --------- Answer -------- visual disturbances
what do advanced care documents include? --------- Answer -------- healthy care proxy
and living will
if pt comes into ER and says they have the worst HA of their life what could it be ---------
Answer -------- an aneurysm
what is the most important med to give for anaphylactic shock? --------- Answer --------
IM epinephrine
what are mongolian spots? --------- Answer -------- benign discoloration bluish gray but
usually fades
after an amputation, should the residual limb be elevated? --------- Answer -------- NO, to
prevent hip flexion contractures
buck traction --------- Answer -------- immobilizes hip and femur fractures . the weight
pulls the limb into traction. the foot of the bed is elevated
following total hip replacement, how is hip dislocation prevented? --------- Answer --------
using an abductor pillow to maintain hip in a straight position.
dont bend hip more than 90 deg
before starting broad spectrum antibiotics, what must be done? --------- Answer --------
blood culture and sensitivity
what is HELLP related to pregnancy? --------- Answer -------- Hemolysis
Elevated Liver enzymes
Low Platelet
it is a severe sign of preeclampsia. symptoms may be RUQ pain n/v and malaise
normal sodium --------- Answer -------- 135-145
homonymous hemianopsia --------- Answer -------- loss in half of the visual field on the
same side
oxytocin --------- Answer -------- induction or augmentation of labor
should be given by an electronic infusion pump
,requires frequent mother/fetal assessment
adverse affects: maternal hypotension and water intoxication
what are some seizure triggers? --------- Answer -------- excess caffeine, alcohol, sleep
deprivation, and stress
phenytoin --------- Answer -------- gingival hyperplasia
dont give nsaids with nasal polyps --------- Answer --------
dont give beta blockers to asthma patient --------- Answer --------
treat asthma with --------- Answer -------- albuterol. SE: n/v, insomnia, palpitations,
tremor
proton pump inhibitors can increase the risk of --------- Answer -------- C-diff
common proton pump inhibitors PPIs --------- Answer -------- Prazoles: omeprazole,
lansoprazole, etc
heparin is measured thru what levels? --------- Answer -------- PTT
normal wbcs --------- Answer -------- 4,000-11,000
a pt with heparin should have a ptt of 1.5-2 times the normal range which is 25-35 scds
--------- Answer --------
what is the causitive agent of fifth disease? --------- Answer -------- human parvovirus
fifth disease --------- Answer -------- "slapped face"
distinct red rash on cheeks
its on communicable before the onset of symptoms
spreads via respiratory
PKU --------- Answer -------- low phenylalanine diet
specal infant formula
no meat eggs or dairy
warning signs of cancer --------- Answer -------- CAUTION
what do rales (crackles) indicate? --------- Answer -------- fluid in the lungs
proper nasal spray administration --------- Answer -------- high fowlers and head bowed
slightly forward
occlude one nostril and put it in open one
point tip toward side and away from center
,spray while inhaling deeply
normal platelets --------- Answer -------- 150,000-400,000
how to close a hemovac --------- Answer -------- compress to create negative suction
pressure and APPLY PLUG BEFORE RELEASING THE PRESSURE
most important to monitor bulemic pts when? --------- Answer --------
cystic fibrosis --------- Answer -------- chest physiotherapy- to remove secretions that
cause ineffective airway clearance
CF is genetic
HIGH fat HIGH calorie diet
liberal fluid intake
when would you see dry shiny hairless skin? --------- Answer -------- peripheral
atherosclerotic arterial disease
wilms tumor is on the --------- Answer -------- kidney
presents as abnormal bulging on one side of child's abdomen
DO NOT PALPATE ABDOMEN
process for a burn at home --------- Answer -------- soak in cool water to stop buring
process
remove clothing around burn
cover with a clean dry cloth
dont put any meds or anything on the wound
post surgical pts are usually perscrbed which prn med to help from the opioid drugs they
were on --------- Answer -------- naloxone (Narcan) but it wears off in 1-2 hours so be
prepared to give more than once
monitor RR and give oxygen
cushings triad --------- Answer -------- bradycardia, slowed RR, widened pulse pressure
what is the normal pulse rate for a 1 year old --------- Answer -------- 100-160
hypokalemia can cause --------- Answer -------- heart arrythmias and muscle cramps and
weakness
what do you closely monitor when giving furosemide? --------- Answer -------- blood
pressure
potassium
BUN
creatinine
, what type of medication is clopidogrel? --------- Answer -------- antiplatelet
"look, listen, feel" approach --------- Answer --------
ppl with long bone or pelvic fractures are at risk for developing what? --------- Answer ---
----- fat embolism
what patients are considered immunosuppressed? --------- Answer -------- on
steroids/chemo, HIV pos, new post op, multiple chronic co morbidities, splenectomy,
diabetes, very young/elderly
what kind of precautions do you need for open lesions from shingles? --------- Answer --
------ both contact and airborne precautions and a negative airflow room
symptom of macular degeneration --------- Answer -------- loss of central field of vision
seeing small flashes of light is a sign of --------- Answer -------- retinal detachment
what is presbyopia? --------- Answer -------- inability to see things close up
some of the "cin" antibiotics can cause what? --------- Answer -------- prolonged QT
interval and can also cause hepatotoxicity so make sure to check liver function tests
diet for chronic kidney disease --------- Answer -------- restrict fluids, sodium, potassium,
and phosphorus
what wilyl you hear in lungd during atelactasis? --------- Answer -------- fine crackles
(high pitched popping sound)
calcium channel blockers end in --------- Answer -------- "pine"
what are the most important adverse effects of calcium channel blockers? ---------
Answer -------- dizziness, flushing, HA, peripheral edema, and constipation
poor thiamine consumption can lead to wernicke encepalopathy --------- Answer --------
tracheostomy allow for 1 finger to fit under the ties --------- Answer --------
main care with someone with a new tracj --------- Answer -------- prevent dislodgement
what is Docusate --------- Answer -------- stool softener
what is the beers criteria? --------- Answer -------- list of drugs that are dangerous in the
elderly
