NEW UPDATED EXAM RETAKE ATI Med Surg
Proctored Exam 2019 Retake 2/ ATI Med Surg
Proctored Exam 2019 Retake/ Exam Retake 2 ATI
RN Medical Surgical Med Surg A with rationales
A nurse is caring for a client who is undergoing hemodialysis to treat end-stage kidney
disease (ESKD). The client reports muscle cramps and a tingling sensation in their
hands. Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to administer?
A. Epoetin alfa
B. Furosemide
C. Captopril
D. Calcium carbonate --------- Correct Answer ---------- D. Calcium carbonate
Hypocalcemia is a manifestation of ESKD and an adverse effect of dialysis. Often
occurring late in the dialysis session, hypocalcemia can cause the client to experience
muscle cramping and tingling to extremities. The nurse should plan to administer a
calcium supplement, such as calcium carbonate, as a calcium replacement.
AA
A nurse is planning care for a client who is undergoing brachytherapy via a sealed
vaginal implant to treat endometrial cancer. Which of the following actions should the
nurse include in the client's plan of care?
A. Collect and place the client's urine and feces in a biohazard bag
B. Limit the client's ambulation to their own room
C. Wear a lead apron while providing care to the client
D. Limit each visitor to 1 hr per day --------- Correct Answer ---------- C. Wear a lead
apron while providing care to the client
The nurse should wear a lead apron when providing direct care to provide protection
from the radiation source and not turn their back toward the client, because the apron
only shields the front of the body. The nurse should also wear a dosimeter film badge to
measure radiation exposure.
A nurse is preparing to administer a unit of packed RBCs to a client. Which of the
following actions should the nurse take?
A. Remain with the client for the first 15 min of the infusion
B. Prime the blood administration IV tubing with lactated Ringer's solution
C. Verify the client's identity by using the client's room number prior to starting the
transfusion
D. Infuse the unit of packed RBCs within 8 hr --------- Correct Answer ---------- A. Remain
with the client for the first 15 min of the infusion
The nurse should remain with the client for the first 15 to 30 min of the infusion because
hemolytic reactions usually occur during the infusion of the first 50 mL of blood.
,A nurse is caring for a client who presents to a clinic for a 1-week follow-up visit after
hospitalization for heart failure. Based on the information in the client's chart, which of
the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?
A. Potassium 4.1 mEq/L
B. Heart rate 55/min
C. SaO2 92%
D. Weight 67.1 kg (148 lb) --------- Correct Answer ---------- B. Heart rate 55/min
The client's heart rate of 55/min is a decrease from the client's baseline of 74/min, and it
can indicate the development of digoxin toxicity. The nurse should report this finding to
the provider.
A nurse is caring for a client who has a potassium level of 3 mEq/L. Which of the
following assessment findings should the nurse expect?
A. Positive Trousseau's sign
B. 4+ deep tendon reflexes
C. Deep respirations
D. Hypoactive bowel sounds --------- Correct Answer ---------- D. Hypoactive bowel
sounds
Hypokalemia decreases smooth muscle contraction in the gastrointestinal tract leading
to decreased peristalsis.
A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a client who is postoperative following a
thyroidectomy with removal of the parathyroid glands. The nurse should instruct the
client to include which of the following foods that has the greatest amount of calcium in
her diet?
A. 12 almonds
B. One small banana
C. 1 tbsp peanut butter
D. 1/2 cup tomato juice --------- Correct Answer ---------- A. 12 almonds
The nurse should determine that almonds are the best source of calcium to recommend
because 12 almonds contain 36 mg of calcium. Removal of the parathyroid glands,
which regulate calcium in the body, can result in hypocalcemia.
A nurse in a community clinic is caring for a client who reports an increase in the
frequency of migraine headaches. To help reduce the risk for migraine headaches,
which of the following foods should the nurse recommend the client to avoid?
A. Shellfish
B. Aged cheese
C. Peppermint candy
D. Enriched pasta --------- Correct Answer ---------- B. Aged cheese
, Foods that contain tyramine, such as aged cheese and sausage, can trigger migraine
headaches.
A nurse in an emergency department is caring for a client who reports vomiting and
diarrhea for the past 3 days. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse
that the client is experiencing fluid volume deficit?
A. Heart rate 110/min
B. Blood pressure 138/90 mm Hg
C. Urine specific gravity 1.020
D. BUN 15 mg/dL --------- Correct Answer ---------- A. Heart rate 110/min
A client who has a 3-day history of vomiting and diarrhea is likely to have fluid volume
deficit and an elevated heart rate.
A nurse is providing instructions to a client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus and a new
prescription for metformin. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an
understanding of the teaching?
A. "I will monitor my blood sugar carefully because the medication increases the
secretion of insulin."
B. "I should take this medication with a meal."
C. "I can expect to gain weight while taking this medication."
D. "While taking this medication, I will experience flushing of my skin." --------- Correct
Answer ---------- B. "I should take this medication with a meal."
The client should take metformin with or immediately following meals to improve
absorption and to minimize gastrointestinal distress.
A nurse is caring for a client who has anorexia, low-grade fever, night sweats, and a
productive cough. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
A. Obtain a sputum sample
B. Administer antipyretics
C. Provide hand hygiene education
D. Initiate airborne precautions --------- Correct Answer ---------- D. Initiate airborne
precautions
This client is exhibiting manifestations of tuberculosis. The greatest risk in this client
situation is for other people in the facility to acquire an airborne disease from this client.
Therefore, the first action the nurse should take is to initiate airborne precautions.
A nurse is performing a cardiac assessment for a client who had a myocardial infarction
2 days ago. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first after hearing the
following sound?
A. Obtain a 12-lead ECG for the client
B. Request to obtain the client's cardiac enzymes
C. Check the clients blood pressure manually
Proctored Exam 2019 Retake 2/ ATI Med Surg
Proctored Exam 2019 Retake/ Exam Retake 2 ATI
RN Medical Surgical Med Surg A with rationales
A nurse is caring for a client who is undergoing hemodialysis to treat end-stage kidney
disease (ESKD). The client reports muscle cramps and a tingling sensation in their
hands. Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to administer?
A. Epoetin alfa
B. Furosemide
C. Captopril
D. Calcium carbonate --------- Correct Answer ---------- D. Calcium carbonate
Hypocalcemia is a manifestation of ESKD and an adverse effect of dialysis. Often
occurring late in the dialysis session, hypocalcemia can cause the client to experience
muscle cramping and tingling to extremities. The nurse should plan to administer a
calcium supplement, such as calcium carbonate, as a calcium replacement.
AA
A nurse is planning care for a client who is undergoing brachytherapy via a sealed
vaginal implant to treat endometrial cancer. Which of the following actions should the
nurse include in the client's plan of care?
A. Collect and place the client's urine and feces in a biohazard bag
B. Limit the client's ambulation to their own room
C. Wear a lead apron while providing care to the client
D. Limit each visitor to 1 hr per day --------- Correct Answer ---------- C. Wear a lead
apron while providing care to the client
The nurse should wear a lead apron when providing direct care to provide protection
from the radiation source and not turn their back toward the client, because the apron
only shields the front of the body. The nurse should also wear a dosimeter film badge to
measure radiation exposure.
A nurse is preparing to administer a unit of packed RBCs to a client. Which of the
following actions should the nurse take?
A. Remain with the client for the first 15 min of the infusion
B. Prime the blood administration IV tubing with lactated Ringer's solution
C. Verify the client's identity by using the client's room number prior to starting the
transfusion
D. Infuse the unit of packed RBCs within 8 hr --------- Correct Answer ---------- A. Remain
with the client for the first 15 min of the infusion
The nurse should remain with the client for the first 15 to 30 min of the infusion because
hemolytic reactions usually occur during the infusion of the first 50 mL of blood.
,A nurse is caring for a client who presents to a clinic for a 1-week follow-up visit after
hospitalization for heart failure. Based on the information in the client's chart, which of
the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?
A. Potassium 4.1 mEq/L
B. Heart rate 55/min
C. SaO2 92%
D. Weight 67.1 kg (148 lb) --------- Correct Answer ---------- B. Heart rate 55/min
The client's heart rate of 55/min is a decrease from the client's baseline of 74/min, and it
can indicate the development of digoxin toxicity. The nurse should report this finding to
the provider.
A nurse is caring for a client who has a potassium level of 3 mEq/L. Which of the
following assessment findings should the nurse expect?
A. Positive Trousseau's sign
B. 4+ deep tendon reflexes
C. Deep respirations
D. Hypoactive bowel sounds --------- Correct Answer ---------- D. Hypoactive bowel
sounds
Hypokalemia decreases smooth muscle contraction in the gastrointestinal tract leading
to decreased peristalsis.
A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a client who is postoperative following a
thyroidectomy with removal of the parathyroid glands. The nurse should instruct the
client to include which of the following foods that has the greatest amount of calcium in
her diet?
A. 12 almonds
B. One small banana
C. 1 tbsp peanut butter
D. 1/2 cup tomato juice --------- Correct Answer ---------- A. 12 almonds
The nurse should determine that almonds are the best source of calcium to recommend
because 12 almonds contain 36 mg of calcium. Removal of the parathyroid glands,
which regulate calcium in the body, can result in hypocalcemia.
A nurse in a community clinic is caring for a client who reports an increase in the
frequency of migraine headaches. To help reduce the risk for migraine headaches,
which of the following foods should the nurse recommend the client to avoid?
A. Shellfish
B. Aged cheese
C. Peppermint candy
D. Enriched pasta --------- Correct Answer ---------- B. Aged cheese
, Foods that contain tyramine, such as aged cheese and sausage, can trigger migraine
headaches.
A nurse in an emergency department is caring for a client who reports vomiting and
diarrhea for the past 3 days. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse
that the client is experiencing fluid volume deficit?
A. Heart rate 110/min
B. Blood pressure 138/90 mm Hg
C. Urine specific gravity 1.020
D. BUN 15 mg/dL --------- Correct Answer ---------- A. Heart rate 110/min
A client who has a 3-day history of vomiting and diarrhea is likely to have fluid volume
deficit and an elevated heart rate.
A nurse is providing instructions to a client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus and a new
prescription for metformin. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an
understanding of the teaching?
A. "I will monitor my blood sugar carefully because the medication increases the
secretion of insulin."
B. "I should take this medication with a meal."
C. "I can expect to gain weight while taking this medication."
D. "While taking this medication, I will experience flushing of my skin." --------- Correct
Answer ---------- B. "I should take this medication with a meal."
The client should take metformin with or immediately following meals to improve
absorption and to minimize gastrointestinal distress.
A nurse is caring for a client who has anorexia, low-grade fever, night sweats, and a
productive cough. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
A. Obtain a sputum sample
B. Administer antipyretics
C. Provide hand hygiene education
D. Initiate airborne precautions --------- Correct Answer ---------- D. Initiate airborne
precautions
This client is exhibiting manifestations of tuberculosis. The greatest risk in this client
situation is for other people in the facility to acquire an airborne disease from this client.
Therefore, the first action the nurse should take is to initiate airborne precautions.
A nurse is performing a cardiac assessment for a client who had a myocardial infarction
2 days ago. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first after hearing the
following sound?
A. Obtain a 12-lead ECG for the client
B. Request to obtain the client's cardiac enzymes
C. Check the clients blood pressure manually
