Final Exam Pharmacology for the Dental Hygienist
Which of the following governmental agencies is responsible for approval of drugs? - ANS FDA
Which of the following names refers to the structural makeup of a drug? ( trade, proprietary,
nonproprietary, chemical) - ANS Chemical
Compared to the brand name drug, a generic name drug is usually... - ANS cheaper
What is the abbreviation for take twice daily? - ANS bid
Which of the following is important when writing a prescription? - ANS Avoid abbreviations
when possible
The latin abbreviation "hs" means... - ANS at bedtime
Which of the following schedules does acetominophen with coedine belong? - ANS III
A patient is taking ibuprophen for arthritis. Which of the following names is given to ibuprofen? -
ANS Generic
A pregnant woman has an endodontic abscess that requires an antibiotic. Which should not be
prescribed? - ANS Tetracycline
Which of the following pregnancy categories does chlorhexadine belong? - ANS B
Nitroglycerin is not given orally because it... - ANS has a high first-pass metabolism
Displacement of a drug from plasma albumin binding sites would usually be expected to... -
ANS Increase the level of the drug
Which of the following routes will a drug follow after intravenous administration? - ANS Vein,
general circulation, liver, kidney
An individual has overdosed on oxycodone, a narcotic analgesic, and is administered a narcotic
antagonist. Which of the following features describes antagonist drugs? - ANS Binds to the
receptor to reduce the actions of the agonist
A prescription for pen VK is given to a dental patient with an endodontic abscess. The
prescription is written for an initial loading dose followed by a maintenance dose. - ANS Attains
the desired blood level immediately
A patient has an artificial heart valve and is taking clindamycin, an antibiotic, for prophylaxis
against becteremia. In order for the clindamycin to be absorbed into the blood, it must pass
through... - ANS two barriers: epithelial cells + blood vessel
All of the following statements are true about lipid-soluble drugs, except one...
(readily absorbed throught blood vessel wall, slowly absorbed through the cell membrane, goes
through the blood-brain barrier, can be given by inhalation) - ANS slowly absorbed through the
cell membrane
Which of the following statements is true regarding absorption of local anesthetics? - ANS
Lidocaine (pKa 7.9) has a fast onset because the tissue pH is close to the pKa.
Which of the following reasons explains why an intravenously administered drug such as an
antibiotic achieves very high initial blood concentration levels? - ANS No barrier absorption
Which of the following terms is related to the amount of drug adminmistered? - ANS Dose
Which of the following routes of drug administration bypasses the GI tract? - ANS Intravenous
Which of the following terms routes of administration applies to atridox? - ANS Topical
Which of the following terms describes the development of constipation after a patient started
taking acetaminophen with codeine after a tooth extraction? - ANS Adverse effect
A dental patient takind a bisphophonate comes into the office for an initial visit. The patient had
a tooth extraced during the week an complained of extreme pain in her jaw. Upon examination,
, the dentist made a diagnosis of osteonecrosis of the jaw. Which of the following terms best
describes this situation? - ANS Adverse drug reaction
A patient had an injection of lidocaine with epinephrine. Which of the following types of
injections was given? - ANS Subcutaneous
Which of the following neurotransmitters is released from sympathetic postganglionic neurons? -
ANS Norepinephrine
Which of the following receptors is classified as an autoreceptor? - ANS α2
Which of the following conditions should the dental hygienist monitor if the patient is taking
terazosin (Hytrin) for an enlarged prostate? - ANS Orthostatic hypotenstion
In which of the following patients should the dental hygienist limit the amount of a local
anesthetic containing epinephrine? - ANS Patient taking naldolol (Corgard)---- "-olol" ß blocker
Which of the following pathways is activated in a "fight or flight" situation? - ANS Adrenergic
Which of the following receptors does epinephrine in low doses primarily simulate? - ANS ß2
A patient is taking atenolol (Tenormin) for hypertension. Which of the following signs should be
monitored? - ANS Blood pressure
Which of the following types of drugs is used in the treatment of nasal congestion? - ANS
α1-agonists
A patient presents for an initial visit. There is an extensive medical history. All of the following
drugs cause xerostomia as an adverse effect except... (atropine, scopolamine, pilocarpine,
homatropine) - ANS Pilocarpine
Which of the following drugs is used in the treatment of asthma? (timolol, reserpine, albuterol,
dobutamine) - ANS Albuterol
Which of the following drugs may cause xerostomia? (epinephrine, dopamine, cevimeline,
atropine) - ANS atropine
Which of the following drugs should be limited in patients taking Elavil (a tricyclic
antidepressant)? (epinephrine, acetycholine, dopamine, serotonin) - ANS epinephrine
In high doses that are used in anaphylactic shock, which of the following receptors does
epinephrine primarily stimulate? - ANS α1
Epinephrine goes through a biphasic response concerning blood pressure. After the initial
increase in blood pressure, there is a decrease. This decrease in bp is due to stimulatioin of
which of the following receptors? - ANS ß2
Which of hte following receptors is stimulated when pilocarpine is taken? - ANS Cholinergic
muscarinic
α1, α2, ß1, ß2 meanings... - ANS α1-blood vessels, skin, coronary tissue, kidneys, ..
α2- terminal endings of neurons
ß1- heart muscle
ß2- Lung, liver, intestines, bladder
ß2 agonist drugs treat.. - ANS asthma
α1 agonist drugs treat... - ANS nasal decongestant and hypotension
ß1 agonist treat... - ANS heart conditions and shock
ß blockers treat.... - ANS hypertension
Cholinergic drugs treat (2) - ANS Xerostomia
Alzheimer's disease
Which of the following agents is considered to be a gas? - ANS Nitrous oxide
Which of the following governmental agencies is responsible for approval of drugs? - ANS FDA
Which of the following names refers to the structural makeup of a drug? ( trade, proprietary,
nonproprietary, chemical) - ANS Chemical
Compared to the brand name drug, a generic name drug is usually... - ANS cheaper
What is the abbreviation for take twice daily? - ANS bid
Which of the following is important when writing a prescription? - ANS Avoid abbreviations
when possible
The latin abbreviation "hs" means... - ANS at bedtime
Which of the following schedules does acetominophen with coedine belong? - ANS III
A patient is taking ibuprophen for arthritis. Which of the following names is given to ibuprofen? -
ANS Generic
A pregnant woman has an endodontic abscess that requires an antibiotic. Which should not be
prescribed? - ANS Tetracycline
Which of the following pregnancy categories does chlorhexadine belong? - ANS B
Nitroglycerin is not given orally because it... - ANS has a high first-pass metabolism
Displacement of a drug from plasma albumin binding sites would usually be expected to... -
ANS Increase the level of the drug
Which of the following routes will a drug follow after intravenous administration? - ANS Vein,
general circulation, liver, kidney
An individual has overdosed on oxycodone, a narcotic analgesic, and is administered a narcotic
antagonist. Which of the following features describes antagonist drugs? - ANS Binds to the
receptor to reduce the actions of the agonist
A prescription for pen VK is given to a dental patient with an endodontic abscess. The
prescription is written for an initial loading dose followed by a maintenance dose. - ANS Attains
the desired blood level immediately
A patient has an artificial heart valve and is taking clindamycin, an antibiotic, for prophylaxis
against becteremia. In order for the clindamycin to be absorbed into the blood, it must pass
through... - ANS two barriers: epithelial cells + blood vessel
All of the following statements are true about lipid-soluble drugs, except one...
(readily absorbed throught blood vessel wall, slowly absorbed through the cell membrane, goes
through the blood-brain barrier, can be given by inhalation) - ANS slowly absorbed through the
cell membrane
Which of the following statements is true regarding absorption of local anesthetics? - ANS
Lidocaine (pKa 7.9) has a fast onset because the tissue pH is close to the pKa.
Which of the following reasons explains why an intravenously administered drug such as an
antibiotic achieves very high initial blood concentration levels? - ANS No barrier absorption
Which of the following terms is related to the amount of drug adminmistered? - ANS Dose
Which of the following routes of drug administration bypasses the GI tract? - ANS Intravenous
Which of the following terms routes of administration applies to atridox? - ANS Topical
Which of the following terms describes the development of constipation after a patient started
taking acetaminophen with codeine after a tooth extraction? - ANS Adverse effect
A dental patient takind a bisphophonate comes into the office for an initial visit. The patient had
a tooth extraced during the week an complained of extreme pain in her jaw. Upon examination,
, the dentist made a diagnosis of osteonecrosis of the jaw. Which of the following terms best
describes this situation? - ANS Adverse drug reaction
A patient had an injection of lidocaine with epinephrine. Which of the following types of
injections was given? - ANS Subcutaneous
Which of the following neurotransmitters is released from sympathetic postganglionic neurons? -
ANS Norepinephrine
Which of the following receptors is classified as an autoreceptor? - ANS α2
Which of the following conditions should the dental hygienist monitor if the patient is taking
terazosin (Hytrin) for an enlarged prostate? - ANS Orthostatic hypotenstion
In which of the following patients should the dental hygienist limit the amount of a local
anesthetic containing epinephrine? - ANS Patient taking naldolol (Corgard)---- "-olol" ß blocker
Which of the following pathways is activated in a "fight or flight" situation? - ANS Adrenergic
Which of the following receptors does epinephrine in low doses primarily simulate? - ANS ß2
A patient is taking atenolol (Tenormin) for hypertension. Which of the following signs should be
monitored? - ANS Blood pressure
Which of the following types of drugs is used in the treatment of nasal congestion? - ANS
α1-agonists
A patient presents for an initial visit. There is an extensive medical history. All of the following
drugs cause xerostomia as an adverse effect except... (atropine, scopolamine, pilocarpine,
homatropine) - ANS Pilocarpine
Which of the following drugs is used in the treatment of asthma? (timolol, reserpine, albuterol,
dobutamine) - ANS Albuterol
Which of the following drugs may cause xerostomia? (epinephrine, dopamine, cevimeline,
atropine) - ANS atropine
Which of the following drugs should be limited in patients taking Elavil (a tricyclic
antidepressant)? (epinephrine, acetycholine, dopamine, serotonin) - ANS epinephrine
In high doses that are used in anaphylactic shock, which of the following receptors does
epinephrine primarily stimulate? - ANS α1
Epinephrine goes through a biphasic response concerning blood pressure. After the initial
increase in blood pressure, there is a decrease. This decrease in bp is due to stimulatioin of
which of the following receptors? - ANS ß2
Which of hte following receptors is stimulated when pilocarpine is taken? - ANS Cholinergic
muscarinic
α1, α2, ß1, ß2 meanings... - ANS α1-blood vessels, skin, coronary tissue, kidneys, ..
α2- terminal endings of neurons
ß1- heart muscle
ß2- Lung, liver, intestines, bladder
ß2 agonist drugs treat.. - ANS asthma
α1 agonist drugs treat... - ANS nasal decongestant and hypotension
ß1 agonist treat... - ANS heart conditions and shock
ß blockers treat.... - ANS hypertension
Cholinergic drugs treat (2) - ANS Xerostomia
Alzheimer's disease
Which of the following agents is considered to be a gas? - ANS Nitrous oxide
