Exam 2: Vascular Disorders Questions with Correct Solutions| Graded to Pass

c A 50 year old woman weighs 95 kg and has a history of tobacco use, high blood pressure, high sodium intake, and sedentary lifestyle. When developing an individualized care plan for her, the nurse determines that the most important risk factors for peripheral artery disease that must be modified are a. weight and diet b. activity level and salt intake c. tobacco use and high blood pressure d. sedentary lifestyle and exercise training c Rest pain is a manifestation of PAD that occurs due to a chronic a. vasospasm of small cutaneous arteries in the feet b. increase in retrograde venous blood flow in the legs c. decrease in arterial blood flow to the nerves of the feet d. constriction in arterial blood flow to the leg muscles during exercise AD b c d Which clinical manifestations are seen in patients with either Buerger's disease or Raynaud's phenomenon (select all that apply) a. intermittent fevers b. sensitivity to cold temperatures c. gangrenous ulcers on fingertips d. color changes of fingers and toes e. episodes of superficial vein thrombosis c The first priority of interprofessional care of a patient with a suspected acute aortic dissection is to a. reduce anxiety b. monitor for chest pain c. control blood pressure d. increase myocardial contractility b The patient at highest risk for venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a. A 62 year old man with spider veins who is having arthroscopic knee surgery b. A 32 year old woman who smokes, takes oral contraceptives, and is planning a trip to Europe c. A 26 year old woman who is 3 days postpartum and received maintenance IV fluids for 12 hours during her labor d. An active 72 year old man at home recovering from transurethral resection of the prostate for benign prostatic hyperplasia b d Which are clinical findings in a person with an acute lower extremity VTE (select all that apply)? a. pallor and coolness on foot and calf b. mild to moderate calf pain and tenderness c. grossly diminished or absent pedal pulses d. unilateral edema and induration of the thigh e. palpable cord along a superficial varicose vein a A key aspect of teaching for the patient on anticoagulant therapy includes which instructions? a. monitor for and report any signs of bleeding b. do not take acetaminophen (Tylenol) for a headache c. decrease your dietary intake of foods containing vitamin K d. arrange to have blood drawn twice a week to check drug effects d In planning care and patient teaching for the patient with venous leg ulcers, the nurse recognizes that the most important intervention in healing and control of this condition is a. discussing activity guidelines b. using moist environment dressings c. taking horse chesnut and seed extract daily d. applying graduated compression stockings d When obtaining a heath history from a 72 year old man with peripheral artery disease (PAD) of the lower extremities, the nurse asks about a history of related conditions, including a. venous thrombosis b. venous stasis ulcers c. pulmonary embolism d. coronary artery disease (CAD) b Following teaching about medications for PAD, the nurse determines that additional instruction is necessary when the patient makes which statement? a. "I should take one aspirin a day to prevent clotting in my legs." b. "The lisinopril I use for my blood pressure may help me walk further without pain." c. "I will need to have frequent blood tests to evaluate the effect of the Trental I will be taking." d. "Pletal should help me increase my walking distance and speed and help prevent pain in my legs." b c e A patient with PAD has a nursing diagnosis of ineffective peripheral tissue perfusion. What should the nurse include in the teaching plan for this patient? (select all that apply) a. Apply cold compress when the legs become swollen b. Wear protective footwear and avoid hot or cold extremes c. Walk at least 30 minutes per day, at least 3 times per week d. Use nicotine replacement therapy as a substitute for smoking e. Inspect lower extremities for pulses, temperature, and any injury b When teaching the patient with PAD about modifying risk factors associated with the condition, what should the nurse emphasize? a. Amputation is the ultimate outcome if the patient does not alter lifestyle behaviors b. Modifications will reduce the risk for other atherosclerotic conditions such as stroke c. Risk-reducing behaviors initiated after angioplasty can stop the progression of the disease d. Maintenance of normal body weight is the most important factor in controlling arterial disease AD c During care of the patient following femoral bypass graft surgery, the nurse immediately notifies the health care provider if the patient experiences a. fever and redness at the incision site b. 2+ edema of the extremity and pain at the incision site c. a loss of palpable pulses and numbness and tingling of the feet d. increasing ankle-brachial indices and serous drainage from the incision b d f Which conditions characterize critical limb ischemia? (select all that apply) a. cold feet b. arterial leg ulcers c. venous leg ulcers d. gangrene of the leg e. no palpable peripheral pulse f. rest pain lasting more than 2 weeks a b c d f What are the characteristics of vasoplastic disease? (Raynaud's Phenomenon) (select all that apply) a. predominant in young females b. may be associated with autoimmune disorders c. precipitated by exposure to cold, caffeine, and tobacco d. involves small cutaneous arteries of the fingers and toes e. inflammation of small and medium-sized arteries and veins f. episodes involve white, blue, and red color changes of fingertips