INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL ANALYSIS
, A. Non-Alignment movement
● A collection of nations that are not explicitly allied with or against any major
power bloc make up the Non-allied Movement (NAM). It was first used in the
Cold War era, when nations avoided aligning with either the Western bloc led
by the United States or the Eastern bloc led by the Soviet Union in order to
preserve their independence and sovereignty. The movement sought to
advance economic progress, peaceful cooperation, and national
independence.
● At the 1961 Belgrade Conference in Yugoslavia, which featured participants
from 25 nations, the Non-Aligned Movement was formally founded. Some of
the founding members were well-known leaders, including Jawaharlal Nehru of
India, Gamal Abdel Nasser of Egypt, Sukarno of Indonesia, and Josip Broz Tito
of Yugoslavia. With time, the movement grew, and it now has 120 member
states, mostly from Latin America, Asia, and Africa.
● Respecting territorial integrity, national sovereignty, and refraining from
meddling in the internal affairs of other nations are among the tenets of the Non-
Aligned Movement. All types of foreign dominance, including colonialism and
imperialism, are condemned by the movement.
● The Non-Aligned Movement, which gave smaller nations a forum to express
their worries and defend their interests during the Cold War, had a considerable
impact on world affairs. It pushed for a more multipolar international order while
attempting to maintain equilibrium between the two major power blocs.
Examples of countries that have been associated with the Non Alignment
movement
● One of the first members of the Non-Aligned Movement was Egypt, led by
Gamal Abdel Nasser. Egypt was a key player in the movement throughout the
Cold War because of Nasser's pursuit of Arab nationalism and his dedication
to non-alignment.
● One of the founder nations of the Non-Aligned Movement was Indonesia,
under the leadership of President Sukarno. Sukarno actively promoted the
tenets of the movement and argued for the unification of developing nations.
● Since the beginning of the Non-Aligned Movement, India has been a key
participant. Indian political figures like Jawaharlal Nehru were crucial in the
development of the movement and its tenets. India has emphasised
, independence, non-alignment, and a focus on the interests of developing
nations in its foreign policy.
● After apartheid was abolished and South Africa held its first free elections in
1994, the country formally joined the Non-Aligned Movement. The nation aimed
to reaffirm its autonomous foreign policy and ally itself with the movement's
guiding ideals.
B. State actor, Non state actor
State Actor
● A sovereign state or government body that has political authority and uses it to
exert power and influence inside its borders is referred to as a state actor. In
international affairs, state actors are recognised legally and diplomatically and
are governed by international law.
● They may consist of nations, governments, and the institutions they contain,
such as their judicial systems, legislative bodies, and armed forces. State actors
have the authority to sign agreements, conduct diplomatic relations, declare
war, and take part in international organisations.
● Occasionally, state actors will work with or interact with non-state actors for a
variety of initiatives, such as humanitarian work or public-private partnerships.
EXAMPLE
● States like the United States, China, Russia, France, Germany, and Brazil are
examples of state actors. These entities have distinct territorial boundaries,
legitimate governments, and well-established institutions that they use to wield
power and manage international affairs.
Non State Actor
● Any organisation or body that conducts its operations independently of a
legitimate state or governmental authority is referred to as a non-state actor.
Non-state actors do not have the same legal standing as state actors, but they
nonetheless have a big influence on world affairs.
● Non-governmental organisations (NGOs), multinational companies, rebel
groups, terrorist organisations, and transnational criminal networks are just a
few examples of the groupings that frequently represent particular interests,
causes, or ideas.
, A. Non-Alignment movement
● A collection of nations that are not explicitly allied with or against any major
power bloc make up the Non-allied Movement (NAM). It was first used in the
Cold War era, when nations avoided aligning with either the Western bloc led
by the United States or the Eastern bloc led by the Soviet Union in order to
preserve their independence and sovereignty. The movement sought to
advance economic progress, peaceful cooperation, and national
independence.
● At the 1961 Belgrade Conference in Yugoslavia, which featured participants
from 25 nations, the Non-Aligned Movement was formally founded. Some of
the founding members were well-known leaders, including Jawaharlal Nehru of
India, Gamal Abdel Nasser of Egypt, Sukarno of Indonesia, and Josip Broz Tito
of Yugoslavia. With time, the movement grew, and it now has 120 member
states, mostly from Latin America, Asia, and Africa.
● Respecting territorial integrity, national sovereignty, and refraining from
meddling in the internal affairs of other nations are among the tenets of the Non-
Aligned Movement. All types of foreign dominance, including colonialism and
imperialism, are condemned by the movement.
● The Non-Aligned Movement, which gave smaller nations a forum to express
their worries and defend their interests during the Cold War, had a considerable
impact on world affairs. It pushed for a more multipolar international order while
attempting to maintain equilibrium between the two major power blocs.
Examples of countries that have been associated with the Non Alignment
movement
● One of the first members of the Non-Aligned Movement was Egypt, led by
Gamal Abdel Nasser. Egypt was a key player in the movement throughout the
Cold War because of Nasser's pursuit of Arab nationalism and his dedication
to non-alignment.
● One of the founder nations of the Non-Aligned Movement was Indonesia,
under the leadership of President Sukarno. Sukarno actively promoted the
tenets of the movement and argued for the unification of developing nations.
● Since the beginning of the Non-Aligned Movement, India has been a key
participant. Indian political figures like Jawaharlal Nehru were crucial in the
development of the movement and its tenets. India has emphasised
, independence, non-alignment, and a focus on the interests of developing
nations in its foreign policy.
● After apartheid was abolished and South Africa held its first free elections in
1994, the country formally joined the Non-Aligned Movement. The nation aimed
to reaffirm its autonomous foreign policy and ally itself with the movement's
guiding ideals.
B. State actor, Non state actor
State Actor
● A sovereign state or government body that has political authority and uses it to
exert power and influence inside its borders is referred to as a state actor. In
international affairs, state actors are recognised legally and diplomatically and
are governed by international law.
● They may consist of nations, governments, and the institutions they contain,
such as their judicial systems, legislative bodies, and armed forces. State actors
have the authority to sign agreements, conduct diplomatic relations, declare
war, and take part in international organisations.
● Occasionally, state actors will work with or interact with non-state actors for a
variety of initiatives, such as humanitarian work or public-private partnerships.
EXAMPLE
● States like the United States, China, Russia, France, Germany, and Brazil are
examples of state actors. These entities have distinct territorial boundaries,
legitimate governments, and well-established institutions that they use to wield
power and manage international affairs.
Non State Actor
● Any organisation or body that conducts its operations independently of a
legitimate state or governmental authority is referred to as a non-state actor.
Non-state actors do not have the same legal standing as state actors, but they
nonetheless have a big influence on world affairs.
● Non-governmental organisations (NGOs), multinational companies, rebel
groups, terrorist organisations, and transnational criminal networks are just a
few examples of the groupings that frequently represent particular interests,
causes, or ideas.
