NGN} PN PHARMACOLOGY NGN} PN
PHARMACOLOGY
PROCTORED LATEST EXAM
QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE &
VERIFIED RATIONALES AND
ANSWERS 2023/2024
A nurse is providing nursing care to patients after completing a care plan from nursing diagnoses. In which step of
the nursing process is the nurse?
Assessment
Planning
Implementation
Evaluation
ANS: C
Implementation, the fourth step of the nursing process, formally begins after a nurse develops a plan of care. With a
care plan based on clear and relevant nursing diagnoses, a nurse initiates interventions that are designed to assist the
patient in achieving the goals and expected outcomes needed to support or improve the patient’s health status. The
nurse gathers data during the assessment phase and mutually sets goals and prioritizes care during the planning phase.
During the evaluation phase, the nurse determines the achievement of goals and effectiveness of interventions.
The nurse is teaching a new nurse about protocols. Which
information from the new nurse indicates a correct understanding of theteaching? Protocols are
guidelines to follow that replace the nursing care plan.
Protocols assist the clinician in making decisions and choosing interventions for
specific health care problems or conditions.
Protocols are policies designating each nurse’s duty according to standards of
care and a code of ethics.
Protocols are prescriptive order forms that help individualize the plan of care.
ANS: B
A clinical practice guideline or protocol is a systematically developed set of statements that helps nurses, physicians,
and other health care providers make decisions about appropriate health care for specific clinical situations. This
guideline establishes interventions for specific health care problems or conditions. The protocol does not replace the
nursing care plan. Evidence- based guidelines from protocols can be incorporated into an individualized plan of care. A
clinical guideline is not the same as a hospital policy. Standing
, 1
orders contain orders for the care of a specific group of patients. A protocol is not a
prescriptive order form like a standing order.
The standing orders for a patient include acetaminophen 650 mg every 4 hours prn for headache. After assessing
the patient, the nurse identifies the
need for headache relief and determines that the patient has not had acetaminophen in the past 4 hours.
Which action will the nurse take next? Administer the
acetaminophen.
Notify the health care provider to obtain a verbal order.
Direct the nursing assistive personnel to give the acetaminophen. Perform a pain assessment only after
administeringthe
acetaminophen. ANS: A
A standing order is a preprinted document containing orders for the conduct of routine therapies, monitoring
guidelines, and/or diagnostic procedures for specific patients with identified clinical problems. The nurse will administer
the medication. Notifying the health care provider is not necessary if a standing order exists. The nursing assistive
personnel are not licensed to administer medications; therefore, medication administration should not be delegated to
this person. A pain assessment should be performed before andafter pain medication administration to assess the need
for and effectivenessof the medication.
Which action indicates a nurse is using critical thinking forimplementation of nursing care to patients?
Determines whether an intervention is correct and appropriate for the a. given situation
Rea d s over the steps and performs a procedure despite lack of clinicalcompetency
b.
c. Establishes goals for a particular patient without assessment
d. Evaluates the effectiveness of interventions
ANS: A
As you implement interventions, use critical thinking to confirm whether the interventions are correct and still
appropriate for a patient’s clinical situation. You are responsible for having the necessary knowledge and clinical
competency to perform interventions for your patients safely and effectively. The nurse needs to recognize the safety
hazards of performing an intervention without clinical competency and seek assistance from another nurse. The nurse
cannot evaluate interventions until they are implemented. Patients need 2 ongoing assessment before establishing
goals because patient conditions can
change very rapidly.
A nurse is reviewing a patient’s care plan. Which information
will the nurse identify as a nursing intervention?
The patient will ambulate in the hallway twice this shift using crutches correctly.
Impaired physical mobility related to inability to bear weight on right leg.
Provide assistance while the patient walks in the hallway twice this shift with
crutches.
, The patient is unable to bear weight on right lower extremity.
ANS: C
Providing assistance to a patient who is ambulating is a nursing intervention. The statement, “The patient will ambulate
in the hallway twice this shift using crutches correctly” is a patient outcome. Impaired physical mobilityis a nursing
diagnosis. The statement that the patient is unable to bear weight and ambulate can be included with assessment data
and is a defining characteristic for the diagnosis of Impaired physical mobility.
A patient recovering from a leg fracture after a fall reports having dull pain in the affected leg and rates it as a 7 on
a 0 to 10 scale. The patient is not
able to walk around in the room with crutches because of leg discomfort. Which nursing intervention is priority?
for
ANS: D
The patient’s pain is a 7, indicating the priority is pain relief (administer pain medication). Acute pain is the priority
because the nurse can address the problem of immobility after the patient receives adequate pain relief. Assisting the
patient to walk or obtaining a walker will not address the pain the patient is experiencing. The nurse is caring for a
patient who requires a complex dressing
change. While in the patient’s room, the nurse decides to change thedressing. Which action will the nurse take just
before changing the dressing?
Gathers and organizes needed supplies
3
Decides on goals and outcomes for the patient
Assesses the patient’s readiness for the procedure Calls for
assistance from another nursing staff member
ANS: C
Always be sure a patient is physically and psychologically ready for any interventions or procedures. After determining
the patient’s readiness for the dressing change, the nurse gathers needed supplies. The nurse establishes goals and
outcomes before intervening. The nurse needs to ask another staff member to help if necessary after determining
readiness of the patient.
A patient visiting with family members in the waiting area tells the nurse“I don’t feel good, especially in the
stomach.” What should the nurse do?
Request that the family leave, so the patient can rest.
Ask the patient to return to the room, so the nurse can inspect the abdomen.
Ask t he patient when the last bowel movement was and to lie down onthe sofa. c .
Tell the patient that the dinner tray will be ready in 15 minutes andthat may help the stomach feel better.
PHARMACOLOGY
PROCTORED LATEST EXAM
QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE &
VERIFIED RATIONALES AND
ANSWERS 2023/2024
A nurse is providing nursing care to patients after completing a care plan from nursing diagnoses. In which step of
the nursing process is the nurse?
Assessment
Planning
Implementation
Evaluation
ANS: C
Implementation, the fourth step of the nursing process, formally begins after a nurse develops a plan of care. With a
care plan based on clear and relevant nursing diagnoses, a nurse initiates interventions that are designed to assist the
patient in achieving the goals and expected outcomes needed to support or improve the patient’s health status. The
nurse gathers data during the assessment phase and mutually sets goals and prioritizes care during the planning phase.
During the evaluation phase, the nurse determines the achievement of goals and effectiveness of interventions.
The nurse is teaching a new nurse about protocols. Which
information from the new nurse indicates a correct understanding of theteaching? Protocols are
guidelines to follow that replace the nursing care plan.
Protocols assist the clinician in making decisions and choosing interventions for
specific health care problems or conditions.
Protocols are policies designating each nurse’s duty according to standards of
care and a code of ethics.
Protocols are prescriptive order forms that help individualize the plan of care.
ANS: B
A clinical practice guideline or protocol is a systematically developed set of statements that helps nurses, physicians,
and other health care providers make decisions about appropriate health care for specific clinical situations. This
guideline establishes interventions for specific health care problems or conditions. The protocol does not replace the
nursing care plan. Evidence- based guidelines from protocols can be incorporated into an individualized plan of care. A
clinical guideline is not the same as a hospital policy. Standing
, 1
orders contain orders for the care of a specific group of patients. A protocol is not a
prescriptive order form like a standing order.
The standing orders for a patient include acetaminophen 650 mg every 4 hours prn for headache. After assessing
the patient, the nurse identifies the
need for headache relief and determines that the patient has not had acetaminophen in the past 4 hours.
Which action will the nurse take next? Administer the
acetaminophen.
Notify the health care provider to obtain a verbal order.
Direct the nursing assistive personnel to give the acetaminophen. Perform a pain assessment only after
administeringthe
acetaminophen. ANS: A
A standing order is a preprinted document containing orders for the conduct of routine therapies, monitoring
guidelines, and/or diagnostic procedures for specific patients with identified clinical problems. The nurse will administer
the medication. Notifying the health care provider is not necessary if a standing order exists. The nursing assistive
personnel are not licensed to administer medications; therefore, medication administration should not be delegated to
this person. A pain assessment should be performed before andafter pain medication administration to assess the need
for and effectivenessof the medication.
Which action indicates a nurse is using critical thinking forimplementation of nursing care to patients?
Determines whether an intervention is correct and appropriate for the a. given situation
Rea d s over the steps and performs a procedure despite lack of clinicalcompetency
b.
c. Establishes goals for a particular patient without assessment
d. Evaluates the effectiveness of interventions
ANS: A
As you implement interventions, use critical thinking to confirm whether the interventions are correct and still
appropriate for a patient’s clinical situation. You are responsible for having the necessary knowledge and clinical
competency to perform interventions for your patients safely and effectively. The nurse needs to recognize the safety
hazards of performing an intervention without clinical competency and seek assistance from another nurse. The nurse
cannot evaluate interventions until they are implemented. Patients need 2 ongoing assessment before establishing
goals because patient conditions can
change very rapidly.
A nurse is reviewing a patient’s care plan. Which information
will the nurse identify as a nursing intervention?
The patient will ambulate in the hallway twice this shift using crutches correctly.
Impaired physical mobility related to inability to bear weight on right leg.
Provide assistance while the patient walks in the hallway twice this shift with
crutches.
, The patient is unable to bear weight on right lower extremity.
ANS: C
Providing assistance to a patient who is ambulating is a nursing intervention. The statement, “The patient will ambulate
in the hallway twice this shift using crutches correctly” is a patient outcome. Impaired physical mobilityis a nursing
diagnosis. The statement that the patient is unable to bear weight and ambulate can be included with assessment data
and is a defining characteristic for the diagnosis of Impaired physical mobility.
A patient recovering from a leg fracture after a fall reports having dull pain in the affected leg and rates it as a 7 on
a 0 to 10 scale. The patient is not
able to walk around in the room with crutches because of leg discomfort. Which nursing intervention is priority?
for
ANS: D
The patient’s pain is a 7, indicating the priority is pain relief (administer pain medication). Acute pain is the priority
because the nurse can address the problem of immobility after the patient receives adequate pain relief. Assisting the
patient to walk or obtaining a walker will not address the pain the patient is experiencing. The nurse is caring for a
patient who requires a complex dressing
change. While in the patient’s room, the nurse decides to change thedressing. Which action will the nurse take just
before changing the dressing?
Gathers and organizes needed supplies
3
Decides on goals and outcomes for the patient
Assesses the patient’s readiness for the procedure Calls for
assistance from another nursing staff member
ANS: C
Always be sure a patient is physically and psychologically ready for any interventions or procedures. After determining
the patient’s readiness for the dressing change, the nurse gathers needed supplies. The nurse establishes goals and
outcomes before intervening. The nurse needs to ask another staff member to help if necessary after determining
readiness of the patient.
A patient visiting with family members in the waiting area tells the nurse“I don’t feel good, especially in the
stomach.” What should the nurse do?
Request that the family leave, so the patient can rest.
Ask the patient to return to the room, so the nurse can inspect the abdomen.
Ask t he patient when the last bowel movement was and to lie down onthe sofa. c .
Tell the patient that the dinner tray will be ready in 15 minutes andthat may help the stomach feel better.
