POSTER material
(for compare & contrast Q –
5 approaches)
, Biological Behaviourist Psychodynamic Cognitive Positive
Nature/Nurture Nature Nurture Nature and Nurture Nature and Nurture Nature and Nurture
Innate, genetic -Neurotransmitters - -conditioning: Operant & nature - id is innate, nature – internal mental Nature - Signature strengths
predisposition VS genetic predisposition Classical predisposition of our personality processes are inherited are inherited
interaction with the - MAOA warrior gene - tabula rasa
environment & & IQ -Watson (1913): any infant nurture - childhood experiences nurture – schema Nurture –develop signature
experience/learning can be trained into develop superego & shape Behaviour can be changed strengths further in life
'specialists' or 'beggars' personality – fixation/ through CBT
life experiences overindulgence in psychosexual
cannot be ignored: stages
childhood experience
and depression,
education, culture
Nomothetic/ Nomothetic Nomothetic Idiographic Nomothetic Idiographic
Idiographic -Medication used to Lab findings on animals -Dreams, Fixations and Internal mental processes ALL Experience of flow is different
General laws of target ALL patients generalised to humans: childhood experiences are individual for each individual
behaviour for with certain -Pavlov-> SD (Systematic unique functions the same way Nomothetic
treatment VS psychological disorder: desensitisation) - based on case studies SWB (social wellbeing) score
individual -Medical model -Skinner -> Token economy -qualitative data -elements of nature such as
case/differences social & cultural factors are
ignored
individual differences lack generalisability : not providing a full explanation
in neglected
Usefulness Useful Useful Useful Useful Useful
Real life application Viguera et al (2000): -Systematic Desensitisation Psychoanalysis has been - treat disorders: depression & - US army followed a
with successful lithium to treat bipolar (SD) – phobias: developed which has resulted in anxiety campaign to improve different
treatments disorder leads to 60% counterconditioning dream therapy. -evidence based aspects of resilience & try to
of improvement in (reciprocal inhibition) reduce the incidence of stress
patients -Loftus & Palmer(1974): aided symptoms PTSD & suicide
-Token economy in not on the NHS and can be the legal system as it helps with
prison/psychiatric hospital: expensive. Can also induce EWT , no leading questions in - Education - growing number
encourage desired behaviour false memories police interrogation for schools are embracing
with tokens PPC, which involved activities
to increase overall wellbeing
throughout the development of
positive cognitions
(for compare & contrast Q –
5 approaches)
, Biological Behaviourist Psychodynamic Cognitive Positive
Nature/Nurture Nature Nurture Nature and Nurture Nature and Nurture Nature and Nurture
Innate, genetic -Neurotransmitters - -conditioning: Operant & nature - id is innate, nature – internal mental Nature - Signature strengths
predisposition VS genetic predisposition Classical predisposition of our personality processes are inherited are inherited
interaction with the - MAOA warrior gene - tabula rasa
environment & & IQ -Watson (1913): any infant nurture - childhood experiences nurture – schema Nurture –develop signature
experience/learning can be trained into develop superego & shape Behaviour can be changed strengths further in life
'specialists' or 'beggars' personality – fixation/ through CBT
life experiences overindulgence in psychosexual
cannot be ignored: stages
childhood experience
and depression,
education, culture
Nomothetic/ Nomothetic Nomothetic Idiographic Nomothetic Idiographic
Idiographic -Medication used to Lab findings on animals -Dreams, Fixations and Internal mental processes ALL Experience of flow is different
General laws of target ALL patients generalised to humans: childhood experiences are individual for each individual
behaviour for with certain -Pavlov-> SD (Systematic unique functions the same way Nomothetic
treatment VS psychological disorder: desensitisation) - based on case studies SWB (social wellbeing) score
individual -Medical model -Skinner -> Token economy -qualitative data -elements of nature such as
case/differences social & cultural factors are
ignored
individual differences lack generalisability : not providing a full explanation
in neglected
Usefulness Useful Useful Useful Useful Useful
Real life application Viguera et al (2000): -Systematic Desensitisation Psychoanalysis has been - treat disorders: depression & - US army followed a
with successful lithium to treat bipolar (SD) – phobias: developed which has resulted in anxiety campaign to improve different
treatments disorder leads to 60% counterconditioning dream therapy. -evidence based aspects of resilience & try to
of improvement in (reciprocal inhibition) reduce the incidence of stress
patients -Loftus & Palmer(1974): aided symptoms PTSD & suicide
-Token economy in not on the NHS and can be the legal system as it helps with
prison/psychiatric hospital: expensive. Can also induce EWT , no leading questions in - Education - growing number
encourage desired behaviour false memories police interrogation for schools are embracing
with tokens PPC, which involved activities
to increase overall wellbeing
throughout the development of
positive cognitions
