Fresenius CCHT Exam Review -
Questions And Answers
The functional unit of the kidney, or the structure in the kidney that does the
work, is the: Correct Ans - nephron
A nephron is made up of: Correct Ans - a glomerulus and a tubule
The endocrine functions of the kidney include: Correct Ans - making
erythropoietin and the active form of Vitamin D
The leading cause of ESRD in the U.S. is Correct Ans - diabetes
Patients with kidney failure often complain of itching, which is likely to be
caused by: Correct Ans - hyperphosphatemia
Why do kidney patients often have bone disease? Correct Ans -
kidneys stop producing calcitriol
Symptoms that a patient may need more dialysis time include: Correct
Ans - anorexia, fatigue, swelling
A semipermeable membrane is a porous barrier that: Correct Ans -
allows for only certain sized particles to cross
Diffusion is movement of particles: Correct Ans - from an area of
higher concentration to an area of lower concentration
Negative pressure is pressure created when Correct Ans - fluid is
pulled through a restriction
During Dialysis, ultrafiltration occurs when Correct Ans - water is
removed from blood because there is a pressure gradient between blood and
dialysate.
, At which point in the extracorporeal circuit is the blood usually under
negative pressure? Correct Ans - the arterial line section before the
blood pump
Which of the following will increase the amount of solutes that will diffuse
across the semipermeable membrane? Correct Ans - high
concentration gradients
. The components of the dialysate treatment that affect clearance include
Correct Ans - dialysate flow, time of treatment, dialyzer size, blood flow
rate
Two things that affect the dialyzer's ability to remove wastes from the body
include Correct Ans - surface area and molecular weight cutoff
Dialysate is the fluid that helps remove waste products from the body. It
contains a number of substances. What substances might be prescribed for a
dialysate solution? Correct Ans - bicarbonate, sodium, potassium
What is the most important safety monitor during a dialysis treatment?
Correct Ans - the dialysis technician
. Dialysate conductivity measures Correct Ans - the total electrical
charge of a solution
Dialysate that has too much sodium may cause patient injury. Too much
sodium or hypernatremia can cause Correct Ans - headaches, high
blood pressure, and shriveling of red blood cells
Dialysate that has too much calcium can cause Correct Ans - vomiting,
confusion, and irritability
. Dialysate that has too little sodium can cause Correct Ans - low blood
pressure, cramping, and bursting of red blood cells
Dialysis treatment adequacy has been linked to patient outcomes. Delivering
an adequate "dose" of dialysis is the responsibility of the patient care staff in a
dialysis unit. Things that can affect dialysis adequacy include: Correct Ans
- time on treatment, blood and dialysate flow rates, and dialyzer clotting
Questions And Answers
The functional unit of the kidney, or the structure in the kidney that does the
work, is the: Correct Ans - nephron
A nephron is made up of: Correct Ans - a glomerulus and a tubule
The endocrine functions of the kidney include: Correct Ans - making
erythropoietin and the active form of Vitamin D
The leading cause of ESRD in the U.S. is Correct Ans - diabetes
Patients with kidney failure often complain of itching, which is likely to be
caused by: Correct Ans - hyperphosphatemia
Why do kidney patients often have bone disease? Correct Ans -
kidneys stop producing calcitriol
Symptoms that a patient may need more dialysis time include: Correct
Ans - anorexia, fatigue, swelling
A semipermeable membrane is a porous barrier that: Correct Ans -
allows for only certain sized particles to cross
Diffusion is movement of particles: Correct Ans - from an area of
higher concentration to an area of lower concentration
Negative pressure is pressure created when Correct Ans - fluid is
pulled through a restriction
During Dialysis, ultrafiltration occurs when Correct Ans - water is
removed from blood because there is a pressure gradient between blood and
dialysate.
, At which point in the extracorporeal circuit is the blood usually under
negative pressure? Correct Ans - the arterial line section before the
blood pump
Which of the following will increase the amount of solutes that will diffuse
across the semipermeable membrane? Correct Ans - high
concentration gradients
. The components of the dialysate treatment that affect clearance include
Correct Ans - dialysate flow, time of treatment, dialyzer size, blood flow
rate
Two things that affect the dialyzer's ability to remove wastes from the body
include Correct Ans - surface area and molecular weight cutoff
Dialysate is the fluid that helps remove waste products from the body. It
contains a number of substances. What substances might be prescribed for a
dialysate solution? Correct Ans - bicarbonate, sodium, potassium
What is the most important safety monitor during a dialysis treatment?
Correct Ans - the dialysis technician
. Dialysate conductivity measures Correct Ans - the total electrical
charge of a solution
Dialysate that has too much sodium may cause patient injury. Too much
sodium or hypernatremia can cause Correct Ans - headaches, high
blood pressure, and shriveling of red blood cells
Dialysate that has too much calcium can cause Correct Ans - vomiting,
confusion, and irritability
. Dialysate that has too little sodium can cause Correct Ans - low blood
pressure, cramping, and bursting of red blood cells
Dialysis treatment adequacy has been linked to patient outcomes. Delivering
an adequate "dose" of dialysis is the responsibility of the patient care staff in a
dialysis unit. Things that can affect dialysis adequacy include: Correct Ans
- time on treatment, blood and dialysate flow rates, and dialyzer clotting
