From Inquiry to Understanding | Social Psychology | Chapter 10 elaborations | Exam preparation Q&A

From Inquiry to Understanding | Social Psychology | Chapter 10 elaborations | Exam preparation Q&A From Inquiry to Understanding | Social Psychology | Chapter 10 elaborations | Exam preparation Q&A From Inquiry to Understanding | Social Psychology | Chapter 10 elaborations | Exam preparation Q&A Developmental Psychology - Answer - Study of how behavior changes over the lifespan Post Hoc Fallacy - Answer - False assumption that because one event occurred before another event, it must have caused that event. Cross-sectional design - Answer - Research design that examines people of different ages at a single point in time. Cohort Effect - Answer - Effect observed in a sample of participants that results from individuals in the sample growing up at the same time. Longitudinal Design - Answer - Research design that examines development in the same group of people on multiple occasions over time. Gene-environment Interaction - Answer - Situation in which the effects of genes depend on the environment in which they are expressed. Nature via Nurture - Answer - Tendency of individuals with certain genetic predispositions to seek out and create environments that permit the expression of those predispositions. Gene expression - Answer - Activation or deactivation of genes by environmental experiences throughout development. Prenatal - Answer - Prior to birth Zygote - Answer - Forms during the 1st stage, the Germinal stage (0-2 weeks); Fertilized Egg, it continuously divides to form a blastocyst Blastocyst - Answer - Ball of identical cells early in pregnancy that haven't yet begun to take on any specific function in a body part. Embryo - Answer - Forms during the 2nd stage, the embryonic state; Second to eighth week of prenatal development, during which limbs, facial features, and major organs of the body take form Fetus - Answer - Forms during the 3rd stage, the fetal stage; Period of prenatal development from ninth week until birth after all major organs are established and physical maturation is the primary change. Teratogen - Answer - An environmental factor that can exert a negative impact on prenatal development Fetal alcohol syndrome - Answer - Condition resulting from high levels of prenatal alcohol exposure, causing learning disabilities, physical growth retardation, facial malformations, and behavior disorders. Motor Behavior - Answer - Bodily motion that occurs as result of self-initiated force that moves the body and muscles. Adolescence - Answer - The transition between childhood and adulthood commonly associated with the teenage years. Puberty - Answer - The achievement of sexual maturation resulting in the potential to reproduce; influenced by the pituitary gland